1000000030

to lhe tinto n,)wers; which is omhiog bU! a fon of flolV

accenl;on of lhe 1;'¡l'hur it conmins. 'f'he fulphu r bcing

b)' this me,osIkcOOlrofcd, its acid unires wirh rhe ferru·

ginous dlhl cupreous ?arts of the pyrires, and thcreIVith

f,J"n<bICen anJ ulue I'illiols ; wlllch mal' bc extraéled

ncep;n~

in water rhe pyrires IVhich has efllorefced or

h~eo

hunn, ""d rh!n evaporating the lixivium to a pelli.

cié;

(or hy this means the "itriol IVill !hoot into cryllals,

Sometimes

th~

pyritcs contains al(o an ealth o( rhe(ame

¡lature wi[h th:\[ o( alum: A pyri[es of this fort, a([er

ftowering, yidds alpmas well

vitriol.

Th( Whi/( Pyritu.

THE whi[e pyrites contains much ar(enic, a ferrugi.

nous emh, and an unmetallic earth . The arfenic being

a vel,uile principie, may be fepara[ed by fublima[ion or

diflilla[ion from

t~e

rdl, which are fixed ; and [he(e a·

gaiomay be disjoined fromeach o[her by fulion and re·

duaion, as was (aid in rela[ion tOthe yellolV pyri[es,

The

Cw"

Pyri/(/.

copper pyri[es con[ains fulphur, copper, and an

unmc::dlic earlh. A grea[ deal thJreof likewi(e holds

arftoie, aod i[s

~olour

approaches more or le(s to orange,

yellow, or whi[e, according [O[he quan[it)' of ar(enic ia

il.

may be dccompufed by [he (.me means as [he

yellow and whi[e pyri[cs.

O'r OREI,

Cold Ow,

GOL

being conflantly found in i[s metallioe form,

¡nd oever combioed with (olphur aod arfeoic, its orfS are

00[,

properly fpeaking, ores ;

becau(~

'[he me[al coo·

ta'ned in [helO is

00[

mioeralized. The gold is ooly

lodged be[ween pa r[icles

Ilooe, eanh, ar laod, from

which i[ is eafily

(~paratcd

by lo[ioo, aod by amalgama.

rion with quick.film. The gold thus fouod is (eldam

pm e, bu[ is freqoeotly alloyed wi[h more or lefs filver,

from which i[ is

be fepara[ed by quartatioo,

is al(o very comOlOO[O fiod gold io moll ores of o·

ther me[alsor (emi·metals, and e,en io [be pyri[es ; but

rhe qoan[i[y coo[ained thereio is geoerally fo Cmall, rhat

i[ would nar pa)"lhe coll of ex[raéliog it, However, if

aoy fl,onld ioclioe [O attemyt i[, mmly out of curiofity,

i[ would be oecelfary [O begio wi[h trca[ing [hefe ores io

t~e

maooef proper for feparatiog [heir metaJline part ¡

[hen to cupe! [he mm Jlioe regulus

outaioed ¡ aoa Ialt·

Iy,

refine it by quarta[ioo .

Si/~u

Om.

IT is

me rhiog to

fi~d

filver, as weJl as gold, in

i[s mc[alline form , only lodged in fundry eartllS aod

1I00y

manen, from whichii may be fepara[ed in theCame mao·

Der as gold, Bo[ [he gremll qoanti[ics of [his ruetalare

o(ually dug out of the boweh of the canh io a troly mi·

nmlllate; [ha[ is, eombined wi[h dilfereot (ubllances,

aod particularly wi[h fulphur and ar(enic,

Several film ores are dillingoiflled by peculiar chao

raélerifiics, and are accordiogly dcnoted by panicular

oames, That which is called the

.il,mu

ji/~"

OTr,

(carce any thiog cl(. bUl a co;nuina[ion

lilver aod Cul·

phur. Another is knowo by [he oame of the

hDrn)'

ji/~"

DN,

becanCe wheo in [hin pla[es i[ is (emi.tranfpareot :

In [his ore [he Glver is miocralized by Culphor and• linle

ar(enic. The

ji/.er

ore

is of the coloor which il'

oame impom, fomctimes more, (.,me[imes Icfs vivid ¡

aod is chieRy c.ompo(ed of film, arCeoic, and fulphur :

al(o contains a lin le iroo.

Thefe three ores are my rich in fil ver : thefirn coo·

taios oearly three·(onrths of its weight, and the o[hers

aboul [\vo·thirds of theirs.

There is a founh, called rile

whi/e

ji/~"

Dre,

wh:ch

though i[ be heavier, is nol fo rich io lilver, becaofe it

con[ains moch copper. Many othcr ores coo[aio filver,

yet are

00[,

properly fpeaking, film ores ¡ becau(e a

much greater quao[ity of o[her metals [hao of fil ver is

(ound io[hem.

Wheoa lih'er ore is

be decompofed, in order [O

have the Glver pure, or whco lilver is to be ex[raéltd out

of aoy ore [ha[ con[ains it, [he hrn [hing [Obe done is

roan [he ore in order

c1edr i[ of lhe vol.tile mine'

rals: aod as (¡Iver cannot be had pure wi[hoo[ [he·ope.

ra[ion of the cupe!, which reqnires more or lefs lead [O

be joioed wrth i[, it is uCual

mix wi[h !he [orrified

filer ore a quao[i[y of lead proportioned to th.t of

the heterogeneons mmers COlllblned \Vi[h [be filver,

aod [O melt [he whole [oge[her

Pan

[He added

lead vitrifies duriog the fu fioo, aod at [he falOe lime

ConverlS (omeof [he he[erogeocous mal[er

.ICo

in[o gl.f"

wi[h which it forms a (coria that rifes

[he (urface of

the mattcr, The o[her pan o( [he lead, \VÍ[h which [he

fil m is mixed, (aJls [O[he bOllOm io the form of a re·

gulus, \Vhich mun be cupelled io order

have the filver

poré.

e.""

O"',

COPP ER is much Ccldomer found in a m<[aJlioe form,

[hao gold or film; it is commonly ia a

mioera~

na[e:

i[ is mioeralized by (ulphor and arCenic: almoll aJl its

om eoo[aio allo more or Itfs iroo; (ometimes a li[t1e

fil ver Or even gold, toge[her wi[h oome[allic ea[[hs and

Ilones, as aJl

or~s

do,

Mon copper ores are of a beaotifol greeo ar blue, or

e1(~

in !hades blended of [heCe [wo colours. The mine–

rals called mCOntain green, aod moon[aio blue, are Irue

copper ol es ; oot io the (orm of hard nooes, like'o[her

ores. but crumbly aod friable like ·earth.

NeverthdeCs there are Cevml copper ores of dilferent

coloors, as a!h·toloured, whi[ilh, and f11aded wi[h yeJ·

low or arange: which colours alife from the dilfereot

proponioo~

of arCeoie, fulphur, aou iroo, which [hefe

ores contain,

lo order tO decompoCe a

copp~r

ore, aod to eXlraét

,he copper it con[ains, i[ is (" n 01 aJl [O be freed from

as many of i[s eanhy,

1I00y,

fulphurcolls, and ar(enical

parts, as is pollible, by roalling .od wafh ing ¡ then, what

reOlaíos is [O be mixed with a RlIx compoooded of a

fix·

eu alkali and Come inllaOlDlable matter ¡ a liale (ea·falt

is [O be pUl over all, aod [he whole melted by a llroog

(¡re, The falts facili[a[e tbe fuGoDaad fcori6ca[ion oi'

the