1000000030

,,~ite:'

and, if the c,leination be continuttr, ils ...i·d al–

fo exhales, ,nd is tlifli pmd in v'pours; , ntl " it loles

that, it turn, gradu,dly to a ycllolV eol0ur, IVhieh comes

fo mueh the n,arer to • reJ the long" Ihe ellci".ti"n

is colltinu,tI, or thc higher the force of Ihe fire is rJiCed;

which being dril'cn

the utmoll, what reOlain! is of •

very dcep red. This rem:tioder is nothiog btlt Ihe body

of the irlln, which, h:tving 101 ils phlog,lloo, i, OOIV no

more th,o

,anh, oe.rly of the Clmc oature with Ihat

which 'i, Idt afler eakining the metal itfelr.

Grcen vitriol dilT"ll'ed io wHer li)ont, neoufi y lels fall

• ydlowilh canhy feJimenl. If this folution be defeemd

by filtwion, it Ilill comioues tOdcpofite fome of the

fame fubll.nce, till the vitriol be wholly de,ompofeJ.

TllIs fedimem is Dothing but the canh of iron, wll1eh is

Ihen called

ochre.

The nitrous acid dilTolves iron with great eafe. This

folution is of a yelloweolour, inclinlOg more or lefs to a

ri>ifet, or dark·brown, as it is more or Icfs fatura·

ted with iroo . Iroo diOolved by this . eiJ alfo falls

Ipontaneoufly into a kiod of calx, whieh is ine.pable al'

Ix:Jng

dilTolved a fecond time; for the oilrous .eid will

OOt

.ti

upon iron th:tt has 1011 its phlogillon. This 1'0-

hition doe¡; oot cryllallize, and if evapormd tO drynefs

attraéls the moillure 01' the air,

Spirit of fJlt likewife dllToves iron, and this folu tioo

is greeo. The vapol1fs whieh rife during Ihe diffolution

are inRammable, like thofe wlmh ,feend when this metal

is attaeked by the vitr iolie aeid.

Aqua

" gil

make, a

folutioo of iron, whieh is of a yellow eolour.

lroo hath a gre.ter affinity than euher filver or eop–

pel with the nilrous and vitriohe

~eiJs:

1'0

that if iron be

prffeoted to a rolut;on of either, io one of thefe two a·

"ds, the difl:oh'ed metal will be precipitated; beeaufe

the ,cid

~uits

it for the iron, with whieh it has a grea–

ter aAioity,

On this oeeafion ir mull be obferved, that if a folution

of eopper in the vitriolie acid be preeipitated by means

of iroo, the preeipitate has the form .od fplentiou r

01'

metal, .nd does not regllire the addition

óf

a pblogilloo

reduce it to true eopper ; whieh is not the

c~fe,

when

Ihe preeipitatiun is tffeL1cd by earths or .Ikaline lidts.

The eolour of

til1S

mmlline plteipirate hath deeeived

fm,,1 perfons, \'Iho bcing unóeq\laime1 \Vilh fueh phe·

nomena, and wilh the nHure of blue litriol, imagined

to" ir n

IVas

tranfmuttd into copper, whell they 1'.11'

bit

iron, laid in a foJut ion of that vitriol, beeomc,

io form and ex ternal appe"anee, exaélly like eopper:

"h.reas the fUI f"ee only of the iron \l'as erllll.d over

\Vith the particlcs

01'

copper eont;¡ined in the vitriol,

:voleo h.d gradllrlily fa lkn upon, anel .dhectd tO the

Iroo, as they were preeipitated ont al' the fulution.

Among the

1(¡¡.COlS

of iron we m[ntiooed fixeJ alka–

h :

.nd that they h.1 e fueh a power,

proved by the

Lllowiog phcr.omcooo.

li\fg~

proponion of alkalioe

f.h s

luddcnly mixed with a folutioo of iron in an a–

[,d, r,o preeipitatiun enfiles, .nd the li9uor fCm,:ins elear

. nd rdlueid; Or if . , fir ll it louk a litrle turbld, that

';.p,ar"nce I,fls but

moment, and the

li~lIor

Jmfently

(telJlers it! ,ranfpareory.

he reJfon is, ,hat

~uantity

alk.li

is more

tha~

fuflicicm tO

fat~l ate

al!

tlle w:id of

the folution; andolhe

fl1petabund.nl

portioo thereM.

meeting with rhe iron already finely divided by

t~c

acid,

dilTolvC! it with

e.fe

as fail

it fall!, and lo prCl'en"

its muddiog in li'luor. To evinee that this is

1'0

in f,él,

let the alkali be applied in a guantity thal is OOt fufiielco t,

Or but qarelyfulliclent, to fatllra te the .eid, and the iron

will then preeipitate like any oth" metal.

Warer alfo aél! upon iroo; aod theref'm iron expo–

fed to moillure grolVs )ufly.

iron.filings· be expu:" ¡

the deIV, they tum whoJly to a ruil, IVhieh is ealltd

C' OCUI

IHar11J aperiou .

Iron expofed tOthe fire, together with nitre, makes

it detonate pretly brilkly, fets It in

fiame, ,nu deeolll–

pofLs it wllh rapidity.

This metal hath • greater allinity than any other mt–

tRlline fubllnnee with fulphur; on whid) aeeollnt, it

fu cecfsflllly ufed to precip,t. ll', aod feparate all metalline

fubllaneC! eombined wi,h fulphu r,

Sulrhur uniling \Vith iron eommunie,tes to it fu eh •

degre< of fufi hilllY, that if a mafs of tllISmeral, heateo

red·hot, be rubbed wilh a bit of fulrhur, it illeelTantly

runs into as perfeél a fufinn as a oletal expofed to the fa·

eus of a large. burning.glafs.

TIN,

is the lightell of all metals. ThclIgh it yields

eafily tOthe ill1preflion of oard boJies, it h.,

little

dullility . B¿ing bent b"kwards .nd forw.rJs it makes

fm. 1I erack liog noife.

Rows with a vcry moderate degree

of fire, and loog befare it comes to be red·hot. When

it is in fu(¡on, its furface [oon grows duficy, and there

furms upoo it .. thin d"k-eolomed dllily p""ide, whieh

is no other than a par! of the tin that has 1011 its phlo.

giOon, or a ealx of tino The metal thus caleincd eafily

rceover! its metalline form, 00 the addition of a phlogi–

Hon.

the

e.lx

of tin be IIrged by a Ilrong Ctre it grows

\Vhite, but the greaten violenee of heat will not fufe

it ;

whieh makes fome ehcmills eonfider it

a calcinable

01'

abforbent earrh, rather than

vitrifi,lble one. rel it·

turo! tO glafs in fome 'fort, \Vhen ollxed with any other

fu bllanec that vitrilies eafi ly. However, it nlwa)'s

pul–

due" an imperfeél glófs ooly, whieh is not .t all

trau[–

p'"rcnt, but of an

opa~ue

white. The calx o" lin

thu~

vi"iRed is calleJ

wnmel

[n.mels

are

maJe of fereral

col"urs by the ,dditi,)o uf this or that met.lliue ealx.

Tin unitts e¡¡fil y lI'ilh all the 'metals ; but it delh oys

thc dultdity and malleahility of 'every one of thtm,

lead exetptet!.

Na-y,

po(f~lTes

this property of ma–

king metals brittle, in fu eh an eminent degree, that the

vtry

vapour of it, \Vhcn in fufion, is cap,lble

DI'

I'roou–

cing this elfe/}, Morrover, whicl,- is very fingular, the

11I0fl duélile mmls, even golJ and (¡Iver, are thofe on

\Vhieh it \Vorks l!Jis ehange with the OIull eaf" ,nd in

the greatell degree.

h,s alfo the property of nlakin"

(¡Ircr,

mi~ed

with it, fiolV over a hry fmal! fire.

,Jheres tI), and in fome meafure ineorporates with,

Ihe furfare of eorper aod of ' iron; \Vhenee arofe tho

prab ice of coating over thofe Oletals with tino T in –

pl~t<s

are no other thJO thin

pl.t~s

of iron tinn,J

(,vcr,

lf 10

twenty

pans al' tin

one

pan of corrrr be ad,led,

l/lis