1000000030

antimony, e\1ery thing io lhat mafs IVhieh is not gold lVill

~oite

with lhe ¡¡'¡phur of the .ntimony. This union oc·

eafions t\\'o fepuatioos, to \\it, thal of the fu lphur of

lhe alllimony from its rcr,uline pan, and that of the

gold from lhe mmls with IVhieh it lVas adultcrated ;

~oJ

from lhe whole

1\\'0

oelV c,mlpounds arife; namely,

a eombinalion uf lhe met. ls with lhe flllphll r, whieh he

inU lighleJl rifes

the furlaee in fufion; antl a metal–

linc mafsJormed of the gold ami lhe regulioe par! of the

.otimooy llllílCd IOgelhcr, whieh being mu, h lhe heavi–

ell lioks ti> Ihe botlom . There is no

dini~u lly

in pan–

ing lhe gold from Ihe regulus of antimony wilh whieh

il is .lIoyed: For Ihe mrt:llline

m.fs

oeed onlybe expo·

fed to a dcgree of 6re capable of dilf,paling imo vapours

all lhe Icmi'Oletal il eontaios ; IVhieh being very volarile,

lhe operalion is mueh eafier, and more expedilioufl y 6-

nin,ed, Ihan if the metals with whieh the gold IVas de–

bJlcd were la be vilrified

the eupel ; wilh(¡ul laking

i.1Io lhe .eeounl lhal if filver \Vere one of Ihem , re–

eourfe muf! needs be had

lhe proeefs of quartalioo af·

ler lhal of lhe cupe\.

If tqual pans of nitre aod antimooy be mixed toge–

ther, aod the mixture expofed

lhe .élioo of 6re, a

V;O!cOI delonalioo eofues; lhe nitre defiagrating eoo–

fumes lhe fulphur of lhe aotimony, and even a pan of

ils phlogiOoo. Afler Ihe detOnalion lhere remains a

gre)'tf!l matler whieheonlaios fixed nilre, vilriolalcd lar–

tar, .nd Ihe reguline pUl of Ihe anlimony in fome mea–

fure deprived of ilS phlogiOon, and balf vil rified by Ihe

. élion of lhe 6re, whieh is eonfiderably ioereafed by lhe

d&lgration. This mme< is " lIed

liv<r

.¡

flfllilllon)'.

If inOead of equal parts of niire and amimony, two

parts of lhe forma be ufed tO one of Ihe larter, thenlhe

¡eguline par! lofes much more of ils

phlogi~on,

and re–

m.ios in Ihe form of a yellol'lifll powda.

Again, if lhree parrs of nitre be taken to ooe of anri–

mon)', lhe regulus is Ihereby emirely robbed of iu phlo–

gillon, and cooverted tO a while calx whieh bears the

naOle of

di"phorrlic anlimQn;,

dia/,horelic mineral.

The pmly maner m.y be preci ': laled by pOllring ao a–

cid on Ihe faline fubll.mees wh(eh here

rem~io

after Ihe

detonalion, io lhe fame manner as lOe Ihewed above IVas

to be dalle Wilh regard to lhe regulus.

In the bll twO operalions, IVhere the nitre is io a

double or triple proportioo

the aotimooy, Ihe reguline

part is fou od ,Ifter lhe detonarioo tObe converted iolO a

ealx, and not inlo a half vitrified maner, whieh lOe have

feen is the efl'cll IVhen equ.d pms ollly of oltre and an–

timony are uf,d. The reafon of Ihis difl'creoee is, lhat

inIhefe twO eafes the

re~uline

port, being wholly, or al·

moll wholly, depril'ed ofils phlogillon, beeomes, as was

obferved, more oiflicult

fufe, and confequentlyeannot

beglo to vltrify in lhe fame degree of heal as Ihal IVhieh

halh nOl

1011

fo mueh (¡f ils phlogillon.

lf,

infiead of

perfor~ling

lhe oper:llion Wilh equdl pans of nilre and

anlimony alone, a portion of fume lub!\ance which a–

hounlls with phlngiltoo be added, io lhat

r~le

Ihe fulphur

ooly of Ihe ?nlimooy will be confumed, and Ihe regulus

",di rtmain unileo lVirh il! phlogiflon, 3nJ feparaled

from il! fulphur.

VOL.

11.

Numb .33.

It'

The regulus prepared io this manna is

~bf"lutely

pure, beeaufe

metalline fuMlanee being employctl,

none eao mix IVirh it ano adulterate il.

is ealled

r(–

glllllJ o[alllil/Jo'lJ

1'''

fr,

or only

rr¡;ulul

ami",ol!)·.

is true iodccd, Ihar in lhis op"rarion, mueh of the

reguline pan unavoidably lofes ils "hlogilloo and is cal–

eined, and confc1uemly a mueh fm:dlcr quantity of re–

gulus is obtained thao when melalline precipitants are

employeJ: But lhis lofs is eafily repaired, if it bo

thoughl proper, by relloring to lhe e:Jeined pan its

lof! phlogiflon_

Anlimony melteJ IVilh two parts of fixed alb'li yields

no regulus, bUl is enlirely di fl'olvqd by the fall, and

fo rms \Vilh it a mafs of a reddilh yellow eolour.

The reafon IVhy no pr<eipiwe is prooueeo on lhis oc–

cafion is. lh:H

lh~

alk,li uniling wilh Ihe fulphur of lhe

anlimony forms Ihcrewilh the combin.ttiun called

liver o[

1"lthlr,

which by liS nalure is quali6ed

keep the re–

gullne pan difl'olved. This mafs, furtued by lhe union

Qf lhe "ntimony witlt the alkali, is ful ublc in waler. If

any acid IVhalever be dropl ioto Ihis lolution, Ihere fall!

a preeil'ilate of a reddilh yellolV eolour; beeaufe Ihe aeid

uniles with the

alk.li

, anJ forees il

quit Ihe mallCl;

wilh whieh il is eombined. This pleeipitate is ealled

g.Id"

, I"Iphur o[ alll¡'''''IJ'

As in Ihe operation for preparing reuulus of aotimony

pcr le,

fume

01'

Ihe mIre is, by lhe inHanllllablc matters

adoeJ thereto. luroed

an alkali; Ihis albli f,izes on

part of lhe antimooy, and lherelVith forms a eompound

If.at

jufi dereribed.

Henee it comes, Ihat ir the

feoria {ormed in IhlSproecfs be diffoh'ed in water, and

an aeid dropped into Ihe folution, a lrue golden fulphu r

of antimony is Ihereby feparared.

This union of antimony wilh an alkali may alfo be

brought abom by lhe humid way; lhat is, by m.lking

ufe of an alkali rcfulved inlO a liquor, and boiling the

mineral in il. The alkaline liquor, in proportion as it

aéls upon Ihe anlimony, gradually beeomes reddilh and

turbid. If lefl

fCltle and eool, when well falurated

therewi lh, it gradually ocpofiles the anlimony it had la–

ken up, whieh preeipilales in Ihe form of a red powder :

And Ihis preeipitale is Ihe eelebraled remedy knolVn by

lhe name of

Aumu

mill"al.

is plain, lhal Ihe kermes

is n!arly the fame Ihing with Ihe golden fulphur : Yel it

difl'crs from it in fome refpeéls; and efpeeially in Ihis,

that being raken inlVar"ly it operales mueh more gcndy

lhan thc goldeo fulphur, whieh is a violenl emelie.

Nilre, fixed by eharcoal, and refolv,d iUIO a liquor, is

Ihe only alkali eml'loyeJ in

preparin~

the kermes.

\Vas Ihewn abol'., that regulus uf anlimooy, mixed

and dillilled wllh eorrofive fublinwe. decompollnJs it,

diren,¡:agcs lhe mereury, and jOlOing itidf

Ihe marine

aeid forms lherc\Vith a new eombinJtion, ealled

httllrr

a'l/in/o1J!.

If lhe fame operalton be performed wilh

erude anlimony

inlle.ld

of ilS regulus, Ihe fome efi'",q,

are produced; bllt then lhe amimony il(tlf is alfo de–

compofed ; lhal is, Ihe reguljne pm IS ¡cral':lIed from

the ful phur, whieh being lel free uoiles \\'ilh Ihe mereQ–

ry, ,'O\V ,Ifo al liherty, and there I\VO IOgcthe. form a

Ilile einabar, eJlleJ

ánau.r o(anli/llM!.