1000000031

59°

1-1

O R T · H A N TI W R

N G.

bt:

haJ to Ihe vowt1's place with rcfpeél ro the

Ime,

ano nOl 10 :tS pl.\I;C

ilr~cr

Ihe

I.di

coolananl,

(excep'

tha!

l1.lp

pC'IlS

ul1( Of olh:r

Ihe

thrce

hOflzontdl

ch,md las

q,)

asin the aboveword

direlJirm:

Ihe liS

dr.lo

\vn

from lhe

~·s

pb.ce

in)he

linc,

l>Ul il

lhe

O'J

pl,¡ce

wlth

n :pe\.9: la Ihe

I.tft

ccnronant

hich

;¡pp\:ars

evidcndy

h;lVl'

begun

Ihe:

b~Htom

of rhe

linc.

BUI \\'hen

J ,

r¡.

immedldle!y Plcccdc Ihe Icrmination,

rcgard

is lhen 10 be

had ro lhe \'owcl's place after Ihe !t:tter; as

n¡umplilJlI. af

fot ion.

(

5. fi rll and recond example•. ) The plural

numbcr of

Ihe lcrmination

¡s

nOled

:tdJing a little

';J(dt,;('I,

dijlillflir;I1/,

(ibid.

third aod

rourth

cx:tmples )

H,do;e

lhe

learner begins

10 wrile

the preceding alpha–

ber, ir O1;ly nOI be improper

premlfe a few

obr~rVcltions

uron

rht:

fvrm and refpt:8ive proponion of the letters, and

the wt\ys of joining rhe curved ones wlth the mOl! ('afe

..,d elegance.

Fidl, AII,he perpendicular and inclined lellers (lh.. is, all

the letters exccpr

I ,

~ .

111,

n, eh,

and

g.)

are: nldde to

louch two parallel lines, the d¡nance of which is meafured

Ly rhe perpendicularJlraight line

as in

N° 16.

bUl,how–

ever, [hefe letters are fometimes. for 2reater convenlence,

n:ade or luIr r,ze, and l \VO or lhem included belwecn lhe

par:\lIcls, as in lhe: fevcolh and c:ighth examples,

16.

T he

letters

m, n, eh,

and

are femicircles'; Ihe diame:–

ter of which is the

and thetr

ra~ius

or height is rather

more th:m one thild pan of lhe (.

The

J~tters

forllled frol1l lhe three llraight lioes (,

and ¡: are regnlenlS or larger mcles, whore chords are lhe

Icmrs

and¡: rerpeéhvely.

muU be: obferved. however, thar

is not nece{fary.

nor indet·d fcarce poffi:lJe, Iha.r thefe proportions (hould be

exaétly kept, efpecially io quick writing

but they are given

here,

b~c.u;fe

the nearer they are kept to, the more beautiful

rhe writing appears.

Secondly, When

171

and

are joined rogether, they

are nel c;¡ch efthem

be made complete; bur a part is ro

be cut

off

(rom eaeh of them ¡ and in lhe fame manner lhe

iocJined letters, \lIhen jOlned with

are nOI

m~de

(omplete,

bu·,

rUOO1n~

into one another, lofe: each a PUt,

as N° 17. So the ren of lhe curve Iloe leHers. whro join–

.ed logether, are made tO run ioto one another fmooth ly;

avoidlog, by this

m~.ans.

lh,u flopping of the pen which

the mí!king of any ansle necefr.iTily occafi.')os ; as for in–

Ib.nce

IS nOl writleo, as · io Ihe 6rU !'xample

N° (8 ,

bUl as io lhe fccond, part of lhe curved IlOe being in

common bOlh

lhe

and

T lurdly, The ,wirl is always made

lhe

be~inAing,

neo

, ...er at theend of any letter; whenever. there(ore, the fix laft

charaaers

(N° 18.)

occur, lhey mun be fuppored lO blve

beco hegun from Ihe bon om o( Ihe line.- The general rule

1', Th;a.t a!1perpendicular and inclined leuers are ro be be–

gun from the tOP, and drawn downwards¡ but in all inflao–

ces, in whi..:h rhe inclineclletters ( o 19.) will join ben cr

whh the preccding or following marks if drawo upwa1ds,

they mufllJe drawo in that direBiuD, as in [hefe word"

}Jo :20.

Fourthly, The initial or f nal vowels (the (mute excC'p–

tcd) are gcnerally exprclfed, and ,h. middle ones omillc.I,

CXCt pt in cafes where there are many words confiUing of

the fa me confonanls wlllch migll1 be Ji.lele to be taken for

úne another. Hut all words which lu\'e one confonant on–

(exc<pl tbofe

lh. !abl of lhe .Iphab<l, which are

cx prdfcu by ,he len cr . Ion:) muf! .1\V,ys h,ve ,he p,or cr

yuwcl

pOlnt cxprdLd,

.tI

"ll

(1),

&~,

becau'e thc:(e Itttle:

wor<.ls al e, as

wl.:re. lhe kcys of the fent<:nces in \VII ,C:l

thcy

<tre:'

fnu ncl.

FIIlhly, Fe\V monoryl1..bles beginning wilh ,vo,"el ar:

immcdldtdy foi lu\Vcd Wllh Cl\her

hor

"W,'

for whlch

Ica.on

tllC:{l'

char.léh rs, h.tvins;

a . oint

berore them, denote

!JI

and

rcfpl!8iv,..Iy,

wuh

thl. propcr vowcl bct\vcen them; as

hal,

hd. hit , ho(. hul ,

and

'IU?I , 'uJ(l . '1UII,

"W()( ,

'Wut,

1-\0 21.

Sixthly. As Ihe horizontf1.lletters

and the cur_

ved ones

111,

n, eh,

and

mdy

be: written at the tOpo or

bottom.

01'

any p....

rhe

I¡ne,

lhe:

vowd following them

nlA~

lJe expn.:lTt:J by IIle.r {itu.nion betw en the parallels ;

as/.ln,run.

IIIcJn,

mun

N022.

Scventhl y, The'lirll mark Jor the

in the table, noC

joinlng wdl

wlth·

the mark for

which, however, is very

frequendy cUOlbined wlth

It :

and Ihe other

Ih.

belOg by

reafon of our cult oIlJ.¡ry method of leaning the Ie:tlers Ihe

cont rary

W.iy

com~on

w¡ iung. nOl lo

re~dily

made:

may be

put f\Jr

Ih.

whtn tne adjolOlng letter

hAlf

(¡ze

only, as

thr.

rlh, Ihlll.

thn,

thl,

N° 23

In other cafes,

a leu er of. hAll' fize II&OIfics th;lt Ihe ;¡dju,ning one is 10 be re–

folvc.:d inlo t\110 It.lIers as

Irr,

lh ..

lirlt example

24 ;

for here the

betOg t\!JICC as long in proporlloo

the

, a. it oughr to· h...ve bl!cn had only one:

beeo ddign–

ed. fhows, lhat in rhlS cdle lhe

of double length denotes

rr .'

but, in Ihe

f~cond

ex.tmple. lhe

Jan

char.t€ter Jocs not

.figOl(Y

I/¡

for it cannot be lelolved into"; but it may

¡n.lo

/j;

for ir you divide lhe

1,11

eharoéler in,o t\Vo hal , .s, ,he

10\Vrr is our Olark

forf:

like m"oner, lhe third example

iSj1I.-When

lht re is no other coofonant tO

:IC

jOlned to

the inclined lellersf or

.lhe lenglhtning or lhem by

grtater Inc!.nation lilao

ufu.il

denotes that they are

refol\'ed ioto

{ .YO

lelten

rr,

ff,

o.'

vv. fv.

vfi

as in rhe

three ',ir

examples,

N° 25.

uror,

fiv~,

floffu:

but

when I

\VO I's

form a word, as for c:x.lnlple tlle word

laughl,

or, as \Ve (hould (peJl it,

taul .

this c::xpc:dieot cannol

be ufed, wi;,hool going e¡(her abo\'e or belo\V lhe !loe,

which is nOl tObe done upon ¡ oy ..ccounr whatroever

this caCe a I¡nle breAk mtlfi be mOlde

-1)

lhe ' ,

íhow thar

lher. are l"'O

t's.

N°

25.

This muil be conrelfd 'o be nOl

altogrthc::r regular, and conform"ble 10 our rules of joinlng

the Ittters; anu, hftd many ¡nnAnCeS occurred. lhelr fre–

quency would ha

rurntlhed a juU objea<on agaioll our al·

phabrt; bUI on the contrary

the repeutlon of lhe

form,ng

fe\!Jer words than that of the other confonaAls, was one

reafoo of appropriatlng Ihe perpend,cul:tr llOe

lhe

word

laúghl

being the only one that often OCCllrs io

pr..élice.

Eigh,hly, In rome rew innances, where

a Jmor

joins no!

weJl \!11th the prt'ced,ng one as the:

wlth any ' drawn

downwards, the

wlth any up",'ards. and the

wil h

neilher; we: fcruplc: DOl

bo row lhe

oppor.te

one, or fome:

olher of nearly the (ame (ound,ln ilS Head ; writing. intle"d

vOJoge, vOJlleh; fil uN,

for

pgun: eh·,rlh,

for

';~:JreJ, ;

moclujl)',

ror

lIIoj,-jly;

o :26. AnJ when

ha)'p<os to e:

al the bouom ol lhe Jane: ano

Ís

followe:J

('lr Ihe:

[.¿ke

of e..ry joioto!!. w\. wrlle

Inflc.: ..d o( the

as in rhe

Grll

c",",ple

N°:7

/np

ro,

¡-nd

an,1 reIV "ords

our

I.lngu..tsc enci,ng in

'1/,.

litis can CAUCe: Jaule ambigutl)'.

¡nthly.

;tnd

( 11

occurring \'.:ry frC"'luentlv, (or {he

f.lke of dirpAh h wc fhortL:n Ihe m..rks for

and 9. when

follow<d

/JJ

lhe

\hiru

acJ !ifllb

'1U~i<,.

27·