1000000031

S 11 O R T· II A N D W Il 1 T 1 N G.

thor,~.

txprcffible

the cOMhinadon

C'f

the

{\VO

vowd

fountis

and

O~)

¡, dLnOlrd

a great

"aai({y

of ways in

ou r cc-mmon

rp~lhng.

viz.

U~,

fU, I '1V, ;fU,

;r'l.l',

UglJ,

( .111,

y ?u:

the worJs

I'''tr,

dur ,

fl1'UJ.

" diru,

tJi~.JI,

hue" .

brdu/J,

)'DU.

'Ve

a'c

therd...,re

cenAloly

Id.>crty

H Ffc(cnt

,heCe

1 p'lint, in the

pltlc( of

the \'owcl

ti;

anO ,hus no' only all .h.

fin~le

ro',o:ds, bu,

all

.he eombi·

nllions of

,hcm,

are

<xprcOi~le

by ,he OlOner! ,nd

e"Gdl

.11

m. rks,

viz.

dot

th, place of ,he vowcJ of ncarer!

found .

,r.¡~

\Viii

now proC'ceJ to examine

wh3t

Cunher

ure

wt–

ca. m,kc of thcfe marks or l<tIers for the p'" roles of Ihon·

hond o A nd as nume,.1 figures exhibit

us a klnd of Ihort.

h2nd with whic h evcry one ís acquainted,

allllfioD to

them

\Viii

perhaps explain

Wh.H

\Ve have

(ay

hereupon.

Obferve, then, the

6~urcs

which the words or num–

bers

one, five , four, fix. 2re exprclred

IheRoman char;.c–

ters, ",hieh ¡re like ",ife (ome o( thc(e whieh we m,ke ufe

of;

V, IV, VI. Here wc foc the figure 1 is eonfidered iD

three dill'erent fituatioD', as r!.ndtng by i,felf, clore before,

.nd ciofe after .nother figure: .nd h.. accorJingly thrte

different powers, of n\l mrr:uíon. fubtr.élicn. and 2ddition.

Wheo

(hods by itfelf,

name And powcr ís one; \ hen

it is clo(e to, or belongs to anolher figure,

lofc:s ils

name,

yet rctaios fomcthing rehuive to

115

power. by lclrcoiog or

increafing that olher 6gure by one; and bOlh tORdhcr con·

cur to fignify bu, one word or oumber, Tulgarlyex?reJl"ed by

the fingle fig ure'of 4 or 6.

T o apply this to OlOrt.hond; let the fame eha..é\er

I ,

being our

letter

have alCo its three diOintl powers,

viz.

F irr!, ' Vhen i, Ilands by it(eJ(, let

exp, els the eom·

mondl word ('Ir particJe io our language tha ¡oitial con{o–

naDt

of which is

al :

let the name therefore of this enanc–

ter. for in(lance, be

Ih~;

tVord

which

\Ve have fu,h perpe"

Ulal Occ:ltion

write.

S<condly. When i, is pl.eed c1o(e before .ny other eh.rae.

ttrs, let it Iland for ,he commoner! prepofition, or leading

pan of a word. Ihat begins with the fame confonant; which

in chis cafe

will

IrnnJ.

•

And thirdiy, When clore at the end of other m.,ks, Jet

(jgnify the coOlmoneO endinl: or termination, o[ whicb the

firil (or oniy) eonfon, n, likcwife is

,·iz.

¡IJ.

From this eafy and regular aOignment

oC.

threefold power

(j~oification

confonant,

thrcefold aduntage natu.

rall., follow•. ,r!. By .lIolting to every mark r!dodiog by

¡t(elf, a n?me,

vi: .

thal of the commondl word or p.uticle

of whích

ís

the tirO, we rh. J1 h:tve a nllmber of \Vords,

one or other of them pcrpetually oeeurring, difpa.ehed

by .he fingle eharaél <rs of the alphabet, whieh otherwife,

whcn

fin~le,

would JI. no for nothiog.

2dly, The prepnfitional p. n of a word bcing defcribed

its leadin¡:

cr.n{on~nt

clo(e firu :at:on, bUl u:1jninc:u

the

followi n;:! pare of

it,

recure~

"Iikc

the bc:tu'y

and che

brrvityof

lhe

charaélcl s in many caCe, wh erein

coulJ

nor

OthNwife

maintained; and alfo rendtrs arbi: rary mark,

needl~(s

and (upcrl1uous

fhere bt"ing no

(on

of occa.!ion

forcompl'cated notcheu whcre Ihe fimple Icuer dctrrmlnes

prc:ci{dyenough fhe: prcpofilion wdnted.

;dly, As it docs Jikcwir..: Ihe tC'rmi:lation. by i!s ncar

;app,o~ch

to the

('nc1

of ch2rllélers; whrn,

.he, mUl u:11

h,:!? of eacl, o

'f.er

, thcy dcfcribo a word fulliei <ntly to di .

Ilinr,uifh it from .11 otl,ero.

Thuo, in the inn,oco I:<re

.lIu,~d

to, the fJme

nrai~ht

linc~.

::lnd che Lrne filuiuion of them,

whieh fou r ddrer–

ene numbers af e expnlrcd

nurnu:.1 fhuft·h.tnd arc thore

by which we O\oold, in litcrJI fhorl .hand,

cxpr~(s

ocaf'¡un.

ally fcur fueh words as the

ICUtes

anJ

(illlil.tr

u;: of thenl

jllfl

hlOII·d

al wouJd de{cribc,

••

iz .

lhc numeral

("J~'.

.fve,

IV .!our, VI

jix ;

in the hteral

[rh"

.!r,

Ir.nl

.!r,

.!rll)'.

Fur thout:.h the ¡nitial and final power of a conron:tnt

could not, indeed. be exprelred in this mannu by

bael

alphabet, and a piccemeal huddling of its eh."

.'1."

up aud

down, to

~enote

the vo\VeI's rlnces; y( t, in a \Vel! contri_

ved

one, where confonants of fl\on er words

(al!

eafily. by

one continucd ftrokr,

ioto

e.lch other,

br("k in lhofe

looger

onc:s may be

dereriptive of their inatial or 6nal

(ylJ.bles, as olten to exprers the ...hole ,,'ith a eoneifencf.

which many fhoner words m;ty not adOlit oL Every con{o–

Dant, then, ma)' denote, aecording to ies (jngle, prúlous, or

~nal

fituation,

eommon word, prepofitiun, or termina–

tion .

But the horizontal r!raight lioe m.y be made from the

top, middJe, or bonoOl

lhe raid horiJ.ontal {pace, lhat

is, from lhe place of

(jnee, then, the{e \'owels

before an

make Ihe thrce comOlon words

aJ,

iJ,

ro,

mayas well Iland for tbem all, in their f.veral places, after

this manner,

nI,

iJ,

UJ.

N°

10.

rranJ

is the ooly eommOD prepofition beginning wilh

but th(re are three coOlmon ones that begin

Wilh

vi~.

fuper,

circu1IJ,

(or, as \Ve rhould write it aecording

na.

ture,

jire" m)

aDd

.!ub,

which ,he horizont.1 llraigh t line

moy alfo lIand for, at ,he top, middle, and boltom of the

lioe;

cir' um

in the middle. becau{e of it! fir(l \'o\Vcl

i :

but

if, for lhe like reol{on,

fllper

and

fub

were both written at

lhe

bOllom, it might occafion an ambiguilY: thel"cfore we

make

fup(r

over

circum.

and

/flÓ

uoder it, becaufe (in

Latin) ,hey fign ,fy

owr

and

undcr.

Again, lhe! commonelt termination

our Janguage is

fitm

lion:

in pronuneiation,

Jbon.

There are

thouf,lDd

words, aH

general borrowed from the: L atín, whieh end

in this manner, (he greate(l pan of them of cornmoa ufe.

Now let the Jetter

be drawn nearto thecnd of any of there

word., from the place of the yowel

rre~eding

the

ji."

lion,

aod il

\. iJl

{erve for aoy chree final fyllablcs \Yhatevcr

lhe

numerous \Vords Ihal afford this terminatiCln.

few ¡n(hnces may {uffice ; as,

oralion, repüti¡JJI .

1111,.i~

lion,

pre-11Ioli~n,

effujioll,

N°

J .

And alfo, \Yhcn one or

more conronants Intervenc between the vowel and termi·

nation

ti()1J

}iOIJ.

they are, by the rule,

bc ('xprc{fcd

tly

the

dr~wn

froOl lhe vowcl's pl.lee;

a'.

allraflion,

II110t ·

lion, (lff.iniolJ,

adapli~n, ~rllpli()l1,

N°

1'2 .

the rrH of lhe

cOllfoo~nts

are tO be confidcred in lhe

f~me

thrccfolcl lip,ht.

vt=.

as fiaoding

thcOlrclves,

ól:S

plaecd dore before, or clore aftre otha

marJ...

s; and mun,

accordingly, have

power of denoling (ome commo" word.

prcpofition l or rcrmination, in whieh

rhal

conronant is found.

This is lhe general rule ; but in praaicc tllere are rew pre–

I'o(jtions :lnd terminatíons necc rrJry or uft"ful bdidc5 thofe

lel clown in the alphJbctical uulc: . '[his rule i$vcry con_

,"eoient in ("mc cafes: as \l·hcre Ihe confonanu

whlch

lhe \Vord is c.ompofcd

joi"

nOI wdl logethc:r, or cannot be:

kept withil1 the

pitr~lIds;

for inJl"ncc, in

~eho.'.I,

inhabil,

d~pofil .

N° 13 .

and alTllrus a grtal contnllton In olhcrs,:ls

tlll,/atlt'rilfen.

dijlhfiion . dirrflirJlJ.

N°

But hae

it IS

be Qufcrrcu,

thu , in

pldcing

the

termin:uíoll,

n:!!'u .d

11·