469 / 868
o
L E
" I 2
)
o
L 1
rprin~
from the roots of pl.lnts; wllich ueing
caH::ful~
1)'
Cep "ateJ, and pl. nted in a propcr Cuil,
Cave
tO
prora¡!ate ,he fpecies.
O rl'
S!i l '!"
in fllrvey ing. are
perpendiculH9
let fJlI, :lnd
meafuring (rom the llationary liol!s
lO lhe
hedr,e, fence,
or extremity
oC
ao enclorure.
O GE'.E, or O . G. in
arcbite~ltre.
a moulding confining
ortwo
members,
the
one
concave,
aao the
other
con ·
vex; or of a round and
a
hollow, like an S. See
AR C IlIT J::CT URE.
OGIVE,
i:l
architeéture, an areh, or branch
oC
a ga·
thie vault; which, inftead of being circular,
palT~s
dia–
gonally from cne angle
tO
another, and (orms a
erars
with lhe other arches.
OGLIO.
a river
which rifes in the alps , in rhe county
of Trent, and, after running
fOUlhwarJ
through lhe
lake Hco and duchy of M.ntua, falls into the Po a
little \Veíl of Borgoforte.
01.110.
a Jarge river of
Nonh America,
which, taking
;n
rife io lhe mountains of Penfylvania, runs fouth -weH;
an:1, after receiving many confi.derable braachcs, falls
into the Melf.Oippi.
OlL. See
CHEMIST~V,
p.
92.
6c.
OlNTME'.NT, in ph.rmacy. See UNCUENT.
OSIANS,
atown of France, in the province of D Ju phiné,
eight<en miles fouth .eaíl of G renohle.
OKE H AM, the capital of Rutlandfhirc, fourteen miles
"íl of L eiccíler: W . loog.
45',
and N . lato
520
4°'·
OLAX,
in
botany,
a
genus
of
the triandri2 monogynia
cI~fs.
The caroUa is entire; lhe calik is funoe l-fhilped,
• iind
dividcd ioto three fegments;
and
the neélarium
confins of fóur leaves. There is but one fpecies,
a na–
, ;,.• 01
Ceylon.
OLDENBURG, the
c~pilal
of the counly of Ihe f.;ne
ume in V"tílph.lia : E. long.
7° 32',
and~ .
lat.
5,0
35'.
OLDENDORP, a town of G
erOl.nyin Ihe cirele of
Wenphalia, thirty miles foutb.weíl of Hanover.
OLDENLANDI.'\ . • genusof Ihe tetrandri. monogynia
ci ..
fs . The corolla confins of four leaves, .nd the c.–
' ix'of (our fegmeots; and Ihe capfule has two cells, and
many feeds . There are four (pecies, none of them na-
1i\'cs
of
Briuin.
OLDENZEL, • cily of the Unitcd Nelherlands, in Ihe
provinee of Overylfei:
E.
long.
6
0
50',
aod N . lat.
52°
?,o'.
OLD-WIFE.FISH. Seo BALISTE' .
OLEA,
in
botan
y,
a gcnus of tbe diandria mooogynia
claf,. The coroll. has fou r f<gmeolO, with oval la·
ciniz
j
and lhe drupa conlains one (eed . '1'here are
l WO fpecies.
This tree grows in the fomhero parts o( France, in
Sp3in, Itilly, and other warm couotries: with us il is
ufually preferved in the greeo·houfes of the curious;
though jt will boa r our ordinary winters in lbe open
é.ir,and produce vcry good fru it. Olivcs have
tl O
a–
crid, bitter, extremely dif.greeab'e uíle: pickled (as
we rt«ive the", froOl .bro.d) Ihcy prove lefs difagree–
abl•. The Luce. olives , whieh are fm.ller than the
",hed, bate tbe weakeíl talle
i
Ihe Spaoilh, or /arger,
the fir.:mgcfl ; the Pn:n'ence, which are
oE
a midd!ir;:
(izc, .tre
genetally the moH eftt"emed.
Thl! oil ObtdillCU Crom this frait
h iH
no partir'd l tr
une!
or fmdl,
alHl
does not grea,;y
d:ff~r
in
qu;¡Ji .y
(10m
oil of almods. Authors make mention
of
t\'J1,)
fons of lhis oil, o"e exprefE:d from the oli,'es v/he"
fully ripe, which is our commoo oil olive;
the othcr,
bcrore
it
has grown ripe: this ís c.lllecl
oleU1JJ
itmlltJl,,'
"um,
and
o1JJphacifltll/l.
Nothing is
Ill~t
with in lh! Ihops
under this name; ahd Lel11ery aRlrms , that there;3
no
Cu~h
oil , uoripe olives yiclding only a viCcid juice
to the prefs. From the .ripe fruit,
t\llo
or, three tons
are obtaineo, dilfc:ring in degree of purity
i
the purefl:
runs by light pre{fure; the remaining
magma,
heílted
and prelfcd more
tl ..
ongly, yields an inferior fort, with
fome c1regs at the boltom, c,lIed
aMurca.
AII Ihefe
oils contaio acoufiderable portion of aqueous mot{lllre,
and a mucilaginous fu bfhnce; which fubj ea them lO
run ioto
a
pUlrid (bite; to prevent this, the preraren
add fome fea (ah,
~
hich imbibing Ihe aq'Jeous
and
muciJaginous parls, fioks with them to lhe bottom
j
by
this means the oil becomes more homogcne. and con·
fequeody l<fs fufceptible of alteration.
le
its palfage
to US, fome of (he falt. thrown up from the bouom
by
the
fhaking of the
vdrd,
is fometimes
mixed
with
aod delained in the oil, which, in our colder
climate.
bccomos too thick to fuffer it freely to fubfide ; and
henee ,he óil is fum. ti mes met with of a m.nife!!ly f.–
line ..ne . Oil-olil·e is ufed in the fimple balf.m of
fulphur, Locatelli e's balfam, and fcveraJ ointments.
11
is ortner employed in this Jan ¡mention lhao the
0-
ther exprell"ed oiJs. bUl more rarely for internal medi ..
cioal purpuCes.
OJ..EAGINOUS, fomelhing th.t partak<s o f the nalure
of oil, or out ·of which oil mal' be exprelfed.
OLECRANUM, or O t,ECRANON, in aoatomy. Se<
A NATOMV, p.
178 .
OLERON, an iOand ofFrance, near Ihe coa!!
ofPoi~ou,
fourteen miles fou,h ·weíl of Rochelle. being about
[,fteen miles long, .nd fil( broad.
Sea- /awJ
OfOLEkON, cert2in laws rclating tú maritime
affairs, reade in
the
time
of Rich.
I.
when he
\Vas
at
the ifl,nd Oleron.
Thefe la\Vs, b.ing accounted the Oloíl excellenl
fea ·laws in Ihe world, are recorded in the black book
of Ihe admiralty.
OLESCO, a town of upper Volhinia, iD Poland: ean
longitude
'4""
2nd nonh latitude
50°.
OLl'ACT ORY NERVES . See ANA1
OM\",
p.
'48.
OLIBANUM,
F~ANK · INCENSE ,
in pharm"y, a dry
refinous fubllaDce , brounht to us in ¿etached pieces,
or drops as it were. )¡ke [hofe
of
manic; bUl J.uger,
and of a lefs pure and pellucid texture.
!t
is of a pale yellowifh white colour, but with fome
mixtureof a brownifh can in ¡t.
lt
is modeutely heavy;
it. fmell is lIrong, but not difagreeable
i
aod its t.lIe
bi[ler, acrid, and refinoas ..
Oliblnum is lo be chofeo whitifh, pure, dry, aod
as
much approaóing tO pellucidity as mal' be.
Olibanum is
gre.dyeommended by maDy .gainíl
difordcrs of ,he head aod breaíl, and agaioíl diarrhlE's
aod