782 / 1042
H A M
770 )
H A R
which comes through the orops of rain,
by
I\VO refrac·
lÍons, without any refleélion; bUl ho\V lhis nuy be, is
not cafy to conceive.
HALTWESEL, a markcI·lown of Nonhultlherland,
thiny-two milcswdl
ofNe~'caflJe:
W.long. 2°, N.
Iat. 55°.
HAM, in analomy, the par! behind the knee.
HA'~I,
in geography. a eily in Germany, in the cirele of
• Wellphalia, and the capilal of the county of Mark,
fubjeél to Prullia: E.long. 7° 15, N. lar.
p0
35'.
HAM A. or APAMEA. See
APAM~A.
HAMADAN, a eity of Perfia, in the province of Eyrac
Agem, 200 miles north·well of lfpahan; E.long. 47°
35',
N. lat 35°·
HAMADRYADS, in hearhen theology, cenain rural
deities; being nymphs of the wood!, whofe fate de–
pended upon cerrain mes, logelher with which they
were fuppofed bOlh 10 be born and 10 die.
HAMAMELlS, in bunny, a geous of the tetrandria
digynia elafs. The involucrum confills of three
le~ves,
aod the proper eaJix of four; Ihe pelals are four;
2nd the out has two cells. There is but one fpecies,
a
narive of Virginia.
HAMAXOBIANS,
hamaxohii,
an ancient people of
Europiao Sarmatia, fo called from their living toge·
ther in chariots or waggoos, for the conveoiency of
fuifting the place of lheir
abo~e
at pleafore.
HAMBURGH, a Iarge cily and well fonified pon rown
of Germany, io the cirde of Lower Saxony, aod
duchy of Holllein, fitualed on the nonh fide of the ri–
ver Elb. partly on iOands, and partly on the cooli·
neot.
It
is ao imperial CilY, or fovereign lIate, go–
verned by in own magillrales, and fubjea only ro the
geoeral laws of rhe empire. Merehanrs from all pans
of Europe reron to it, from whenee lheir goods are
feot into the hean of the empire: E. loog. 9° 40" N.
la!. 54°'
HAMCHEU, rhe capilal of the province of Chekiam,
in China, útuated 00 the river Cien100, 160 miles
fouth·eall of Nanking : E long. 120°, N. lat. 30°.
HAMELlN, a town of Germany, in the eirele of lower
Saxony, and duchy of Brunfwie, fubjea to the elec–
tor of Hanover: E. long. 9° t2', N. lat. 52° 1s'-
H.'\MILtON, a town of Scotlaod. io the eouoly of
Clydefdale, fitualed on Ihe river Clyde, eleven miles
fouth·eall of GlafgolV: W. loog. 3° 50', N.lat. 55°
4
0 '
HAMLE, lhe oame of the e1eventh month of lhe Ethi·
opian year, beginning on lhe 251h of June, old lIyle.
HAMMONT, a 10'Nn of Germany, in the eirde of
Wellphalia, and bifuopric of Liege, fituated near the
confines of Brabant: E. long. 5° 32', -N.
I.l.
p0
,
20 .
HAMPSHIRE, an Englifu country, bounded by Berk–
fuire, on lhe nonb ; bySurry and Sutrex, on the eall ;
by the Englifu chaone!, on the fouth ; and by Will–
nl:re and Dorfetfuire, on the well. It eomprehends
the iOe of Wight. Its chief 10IVns are Wineheller,
South.lmplon, and Ponfmoulh.
•
t'UJ
HAMP!HIRf, a pro.inee of
Nt lV
Ensland, in
North I\meriea, bounded by Non Scotia, 00 tbe
nort~ ;
by me Atlantie ocean, on the eall;
by
the
pro,mee of Matr.ehufcls bay, on lhe foulh; and by
New York, on Ihe lVell: fubjeé! 10 Greal Brilain.
HAMPSTEAD, a pleafant village in Middlefex, four
miles nonh of London.
HAMPTON, a markel'lown of Gloucellerlhire, twel'e
miles fouth of Gloueeller: W. long. 2° 15. N.lat.
51° 38'.
HAMP rON.COURT, 2 tOlVn in
Middlefe~,
filuated
on the north fide of the Thames, lwelve miles
~'efl
of
London, aítd lWO well of Kingllon; in whieh is the
finell palaee belonging 10 lhe king of Brilain.
HANAU, the capital of a county of the fame name in
Germany, is pleafantly fituated on the river Kuots,
thirreen miles ean of frankfort, and llVelve north·wcn
of Afchaffenburgh: E. long. 8° 45'. N. lat. 50° 12'.
HAND, inaoalomy. SeeANAToMV, PanI.11.
&c.
HAND, in the manege, a meafure of four inehes, or of
a clioehed fill, by which the beight of a horfe is com–
puted.
HAN D.BREADTH, a meafure of three inehes.
HANDS, in heraldry, are borne in coat armour dexrer
an4 fiRiller, thal is, right and left, expanded or open.
Thefe are lhe moll necetrdfy pans of Ihe human body,
as they ferve to exprefs
alJ
forlS of aaions, aod eveo
our very tboughlS and defigns; thus, joining of hands
is an univerCal token of friendlhip, and clappíog of
hands a geoeral mark of applaufe.
•
HANOVER, a eity of Germaoy, in the eirele of Lower
Saxony, and dukedom of Brunfwic, fituated on the ri–
ver Leina, tbirty·fix miles well of BrunCwie: it is the
capilal of bis Britanoic majeny's German domi.Bioos,
fitualed in E. long. 9°
4{
N. lat.
pO
32'.
HANSE, or HANS, a company of merehanu uoited for
the promotion and advantage of trade.
HANSE'TOWNS, pon·lowns of Germany of which Lu·
bee and Hamburgh \Vere lhe ehief. They were for–
merlyall of them imperial eities, confederared for their
mUlual defenee, and the proleaion of Iheir trade.
HAPPI ESS, among pbilofophers. confills in tho pro–
feculion or enjoyment of fome gocd.
HARBINGER, an offieer of the king's houfuold, haring
four yeomen undcr him, who ride a day's jourDey be·
fore rhe court, when it trave1s, tO provide lodgings,
cre.
HARBOROUGII, 2 lown of Leieeller fuire, thimen
miles fOUlb· eall of Leiceller : W.Ioog. 1
0 .
N. Iat. 51·.
26'.
HARBOUR, aplace where fuirs m;y ride fafe at anchor,
ehiefiyuCed iD fpeaking of thofe feeDred by a boomaod
ehain, and furDifued lVith a mole.
HARBURGH, a port town of Germany, in the c;ircle
of 10wer Saxony, and duehy of Lunenburg, fi tuated
on the river Elbe, 0rpOfile to HlImburgh: E. long.
9-.
30'. N. lar. 53° 57·
HARCOURT, a town of France, in the pro,inee of
Normandy, twenty.three miles fourh·wen of Rouen.
HARDENING, the giring agreater degree of bardoeC,
to bodies than they had befare.
Tbere are feveral
ways
of
hanlening iran and nee.l.
as by haltlmering them. qurnehiog them whcn hot ID
eold water,
cre.
CHEMI!TR
Y,
P
I
~4·
H.~·RDERWICK,