312 / 1042
e o
N
wilhout lhe king's writ; as was the convenlioo of e·
ílates, who, upon lhe relreat of kiog James
n.
came
to a conduGoo that he had abdicated the throne, and
thft the right of fucceflion devolved to king William
aod queeo Mary
i
whereupoo their a!fembly expired
as a coovention, and was converted into a parliament.
CONVERGING, or
CONVERG ~NT
lina ,
io geomctry,
are fuch as conlinually approach nearer one another,
or whofe difiances become ílill lefs aod leCs.
TheCe
are oppoCed tO divergent lioes, the
di~aoces ~f
which
become contioually greater: thoCe ltoes wbJch con·
verge one way, diverge the other.
CONVERGING
ra}!,
in opt\CS, thoCe ray! that, i!fuing
froD! divers points of ao objeél, indine towards an·
other, till, at lafi, they mm and crofs, and theo be·
come dimging rays. See OPTI CS .
CONVERSE, in mathematics. Ooe propofition is call·
ed lhecooverCe"of aoother, when, aftet a concluGoo is
drawn from fomethrng fuppofed in theconverfe propo·
fition, that condufion is fuppofed
i
· aod then, that
whichinlhe other was fuppofed, is oow drawn as acon·
dufion f,omit : thus, when tWO fides of a triangle are
equal, lhe angles under thefé fides are equal
i
and,on
the conmfe, if thefe angles are equal, the twO fides
are equal.
CONVERSION, in a moral renfe,
impli~s
a repenlance
for a temper ano conduél unwonhy our oature, aod
uobecomiog our obligatioos to ilSAuthor, aod a
reCo·
lutioo to aél a wifer and a better part for the future.
CoSVERS ION, in war,
a
mililary motioo whereby lhe
froot of a banalion is turned wbere the flank was, in
cafe the battalion is attacked in the Baok.
CnNV ERS ION
if
(qualionJ,
i~
algebra. See Vol.
1.
p.
[04 .
CONVEX, an appellation given to the exterior Curface
of gibbous or globular bodies, inoppofitionto the
~ol.
low inne; furface of fueh bodies, which iscalled coo·
cave: thus we Cay, a coovex frieze, lens, mirror, fu·
perficies,
&e.
CO VEXITY, that con6guralion or !hape of a body,
00
accouOl of which il is denominaled convexo
CONVEYANCE, in law, a deed or in!!rument that
pa!fes land,
&e.
from one perCoo tOanolher.
CO VICT, in common law, a perCon' that is found
guilty of an ofrence by the verdiél of a jury.
CONVICTlON, in theology, exprelfts lbe firn degree
of repentance, whereiO"lbe finner becomes feofible of.
his guill, of lhe evil nalure of fin, and of the daoger
of his owo wars.
CONVOCATION, an a!fembly of the dergy of Eng.
!and, by lheir reprefentatives, lO conCult ofecdefiaílical
matters.
11
is held
d~ring
!he Ceflion of parliament,
and confiíls of an upper and a lower houCe. In lhe
upper fit the bi!hops, and in lhe lower the inferior
c1ergy, who;¡re repreCeoted by lheir proélors, cooGíI·
ing of all the deaos aod archdeacoos, of ooe proélor
for every cbapler, and two for lhe cleTgy of every
dioceCe, in all one hundred and fOrtY'lhree divines,
viz.
tweOly·two deao's, 6ftY'lhree archdeacons, tweo·
ty.four prebendaries, and forry.four proélors of the
dio:efao clergy. TI.e lower houf( chuf(s ilS proloc •
e o o
lor, whoCe bufineCs it is to take care Ihal the memo
bers amnd, lO collfél their debates and votes, aod tO
carry their reColutions to the upp,er houCe. The con·
vocation, is fummoned by.the king's writ, .direéled to
thearchbi!hop of each province, reql\iriDg him to Cum'
mon all bi!hops, deanl, archdeacons,
ec.
r he power of the coovocatioo is limited by a Aa.
tute of Heory VIII. They are not lO make aoy canon!
or eccleGaílieallaws, witltoul. the killg's liceoee; Aor,
when permitted tO make aoy, cao they pUt them io ex·
ecutioo, but uoder feveral renriélions. They hm the
~xat¡liniog
aod cenCuring all heretical aod CchiCmatical
books aod perfoos,
Oc.
but there lies ao appeal
to
the
king in chancery, or to his delegates. Tbe c1ergy in
coovoeatioo, aod their fuvants, have lhe Came privi,
leges as members of parliameot.
CONVOLUTlON, a winding mOlioo, proper to lhe
lTunks of fome plams, as the coovolvulus,
or
biod·
weed
i
the
cI~fpers
of vines, bryony,
Oc.
CON,VOLVULUS, or BIND· WEED, in botaoy, a genus
of the peotandria mooogynia clars. The corolla is
bell.!haped, and plaited; it has IWO íligmata
i
and ,be
capCule is bilocular, eaeh cell eontainiog tWO Ceed51
There are fortY'lhree Cpecies, only three
oE
which are
oativesof Britain,
viz.
Ihe arvenfis, or Cmall biod·
weed
i
the fepium, or great biod.weed;
and
the Colda·
nella, or fea bind· weed.
CONVOY, io manne afrairs, one or more !hips of \Var,
employed to accompany aod proteél mercbaot !hips,
apd prevenl their being infulted by pirates, or the e·
nemies of the nate io time of war.
CO~VO Y,
in militarymauers, a body of men that guard
any Cupply of men, money, ammuoitioo, or proviGoos,
conveyed by laod ioto a town,. army,
or
the like, io
timeof
\Var.
CONVULSION, io medicine, a prelernatural iod VIO·
lent cootraélioo of the membranous aod mofcular pa!:$
of tbe body. SeeMEDICI NE.
CONWAY, a market·town of Caroarvoolbire io Norlh
Wales, fituated oear the mouth of a river of tbe fame
oame, fifteenmiles well of StAfapb : W.loog.
3'
50',
aod N. Iat.
B
°
20'.
CONYZA, or
FLEA' !ANE,
io botaoy, a geous of the
Cyngenefia polygamia CuperAua clafs. The receptacle
is naked
i
the pappus is fimple
i
the calix i! rouodi(h
and imbricated
i
aod the ¡ays of the corolla
are
divi·
~ed
ioto Ihree fegments. There are nineteeoCpecie!,
only ooe of which is a oati,e of Britain,
viz.
the
C~uarroCa,
or plowmao's Cpikenard.
CONZA, atown of the kingdom ofNaples io ltaly, fi·
tuated on the faTlher Principate,
00
the river Offaoto,
fi[IY miles foulh·ean of tbe city of Naples: E. loog.
[6°, .
lal.
4[°.
!t
is the fee of an archbi!hop.
COOPER, in geography, tbe name of a river inCaro'
lioa io o(th Amerita.
COOPER,
00
bOlTd a !hip, he that looks to the
calk~,
aod all other ve!fels for beer, water, or aoy other
J¡.
quor. He has a mate under him.
CO·ORDlNATE, Comethiog of cqual order, raok,OI
deg[ee witb another. See ORDEl.
COPAlBA