1000000030

e o

] ,

Narional

"¡,,net,

is "hat is expended out of ,he

eountry: this i, ",hat d,nrinilhes n,nional wealth. Tlle

pnncipal dia,nélion to be here attended tO, is hetwecn

, .Mi<

"pa/u,

or the

I~ying

out of public money,

~od

nOliollal

t1f,nu,

....

hich is the .Iienating tire Dati"n's

"'calth in

r~vour

f1r.~gers.

Thus the greaten

pub/ic

'.<p<nCt

inugina~le.

m.y be no nation,1eKpence; becaufe

the money may renMln at home. On the other hind,

the

fnl~lIdl

f"blic,

or even

p,iuale (XprtrCt,

may be a

oation.1"penee; becaofe the money may go abroad.

P,.P/

and

I,ft

is di,'idcd into

P.Ji/iv

" "Ioliv,

aDd

mot"md.

Po/itit·,

p'~pl ,

irnpliC! no 10Cs tOany body;

it r¿ullS rrom . n augmenmion of I,bour, indullry, or

ingenuity, and has tbe elf.-.'I of fweJl ing or augmenting

!he public gond.

P.¡ilrW

"ft,

implies no profit tO . nybody; it is what

reCuln frO.m the CdrdtlOn of the former, or of the elfeél.

refi,lting from it, and may be

C.id

to dimini!h the public

go~d.

R,laliv( ; ,.fil,

IVh~t

implies ,

10C,

to Come body ;

il marks a vibration of ,he balance of weahh between

parties, but implies no addition tO the general flock.

ReI.live

1,(1,

is \Vhat,

the contrary, implics a profit

fome body; it alfo

mark~

a I'ibration of lhe bal.nce,

but takes nothing from the gent..lllock.

The

compll/.d

e:llily unclerOood ; it

of proit and lols which is partly

"/,'Iiv,,

j li,,:.

i, that

Cp~cie,

aDd partly

'o·

f IJe gell/:rnl ConJequcnce¡ I'cJlIllillg

Irndillg

Natioll,

IIpOIl

Ih~

opwillg oJ

all

atli'llc Joreigll

Cornll/eret.

237

ficcnce of building' ; the face of the eountry i, adorned

\Yith palact5, and becomes covered with

gro.es

; luxur)'

!hines triumphant inevery pan; inequalitybecomes more

tlriling to the eye; and \Yant and miCery appear more

derormed, from the contraO : even fonune grow, more

whimlical in her inconOancy; the beggar of the

othe~

day, now ride. in hi, coach; and he who was born in a

bed of Om, is feen to die in a goal, br in an alm.·

houfe. 5uch are the elftéls of greal domefiic circula·

tion.

The .Omfman looks about with amnemcnt ; he, who

was wont tOconfider himfelf a. the fi rOman in the

Co·

ciety in evcry reCpea, pcrceim himCelf, perhaps, e·

c1ipCed by the luOre of pr;"ate \Yealth, which avoids hi.

graCp when he atlempts tOCtize it. This makes his go.:

vernment more complt x and more ditlicult tObe carried

on; he nmll nolV

~vail

himCdf of

art

and addreCs, as well

as of power and rorce. By the hel p of cajoling and in·

trigues, he gets a Imle ioto debt ; thi, lay. a foundatiot1

for public

cr~dit,

which , growing bydegrm, and in it,

progreCs afl'uming many new farOl', becomes, from the

moO tender

b~ginning.,

010(\

for midable monOer,

tlriking terror into thoCe \Vlio cheri!hed it in in infancy.

pon thlS, as upon a triumphant war·horCe, the Omf.

man gm a·Uride ; he then appears formid able a·neIV ;

hi. head turns giddy; he i. choaJu:d with the daO he has

raifed; and at the moment he i. ready to faJl, to his ut.

ter aOonl!hmtnt and Curprite, he finds aOrongmonied in·

t~reO,

of his own creating,

~hich,

.inOead of fwaJlowing.

h,m up as he apprehtnded. fl,es toIlIS Coppon .

Throug~

this he gelS ,he better of aJl oppofition, he eOabli!hcs

laxes, multiplies them, mortgages his fuod of fubfiO.

ence; either becomes a bankrupt, aod rifes again froll}

NAT I

ON which remains pallire in herct1mmerce, is his aO,es ; or if he be leCs audaciou., he Uand. trembling

at the merey of

thoC~

"ho m aéllVe, and muO be great· and .r?ttering for a while On the brink of the

politica~

Iyf..oured, iudeed, Ioy natural ad.antages, or by

con· prwprce. From one or the other

theCe perilous fitu.

Oant flux of gold and rol,,!!r [rom her mine., to

able tO ation., he begins to difco..r an endleCs path, which, af–

fupport a corrcfpondence, not enrirely hurtful to the auge ter a

m~rltitode

of windings, lliJl return,. intO itCelr,

m~nrntion

of her wcahh.

and conllnue. an equal cou rfe thrOllgh thlS " fllaby.

When we look upon the \Vide 6e1d which here opcn, rinth.

our view, \Ve are perplexed with tOO great a variety

It is nolV fuJl time to leave off

rh~pfody,

anO retum

of objeéls. Inone p1ft, we Cee a decent and comely be· to ruConing

~nd

cool inquir)', concerning !he more im–

ginning of indunry; wealth Oowing gently in , to re:om· medi. te and r"ore .general

e{fe~,

, nd reo.ohuions pro.

peoce ingeoui,y; numbm both augmentlng, and every duced by the openlng of a forergn trade rn a nation oE

one becoming daily mOre uliJol to ,nother; agriculture induOry.

proportion:~l y

elUending itfclf ; no violent revolution,;

l'he 6rO ,nd moO Cenroble alteration will be an ia.

no exorbuant prolit,; no rnColence among rhe rich; no, creaCt of demand for manufaélurer" beeauCe by Cupply.

exceflive miCtry among rhe poor ; multitude, employed iog the wants of Or,ngers, the numbrr of confume,,'

in producing; gTeat occonolny upon confumprion; and

,,:11

now be conlidwbly augmented. What

ag~ia

wiW

all rhe ioflrunlenr, of luxury, daily produced by the fol!>1V upon this, mua depend upon circuOlflances.

hand, of the d¡¡igent,

gllio~

OUt of the country fo r the

If this revolurion in the Oate of

dem~nd

OlOuld pro<e:

f:r<ic: of a,.ngers.; not remaioiog at home fo: the grao

1.00

viole.ot

,. the confcquence of it "i.1I

raift

de.

llhcallon of Cenfualuy. At 1.,1l the augmentallon. come , mand ;

u IIlUuld provc gr,doa l,

" di

¡"c'fafo

ir .

infen~bly

tO a f!op. !hen thefe riom of wealth, ",hich This

di~inélion

~t11

undcrflood, aod rhe

conCeq uenc~'

were In

br.rk

crrcul,"oo through ,he whole \Vorld, and appean JUO: f,'r, rf the C"pply

not inere, fe in pro.

which ruurnld to thlS tradine n_titon " hlond rClllrns to portlon tO the dcmanJ; a competition wilJ eofll' aOlon'

Ihe hem, onlytObe thrownout .gain by neIV pullinions, the demanders; "hich is the commun elfdl or Cuch ful

beginto beobOruéltd in rheir

~ourCe;

,nJ lIowlng .broJd den rcvulutioos. If, on tht other h,nd, , gentle in.

more Oowly

tha~

"tf?" , come

forn, Oagn:uion, .at

c.re.Ce

of denrand Olollld

~e acc~mp,nie~

with a propor.

honre. Thefe, rr"I"lIcnt of rdlrarnt, Coon burO out ro· 1I0nal Cupl'ly, tire whole IIldullnous COClety \ViII grow in

donreOic clrCUlaUOD,

pon tllis cities CwcJl inmagni. vjgour, and iD wholCome Hature, without beinf. fenfible