274 / 1042
e
o
M
M
Wilhoul difpJling Ihis matter, il may be ohferved, Ihat
if a computation be Illade of Ihe han.!s empluyrd in rro·
viding fuulifienee, and of Ihofewho are feverally I;,kcn up
in fupplying every olher wanl, Ihei r numhers
\\111
be
found nearly tO balance one anQther in themolllnxurious
countries. From Ihis we may condude, thal II'e artide
of food, among Ihe lower cla(fes, mufi bear avery high pro·
portion 10 all Ihe olher articles of Iheir eonfumplion ¡ and
Ihereforea diminmion upon the priee of fubfificnce, muf!
be of infinite confequenee tO manufaélurers, who are obli·
ged tO buy il. Fron! Ihis confidcration, lel
~s
judge of
the confeqllence of fueh augmentations upon the priee of
gl3in as are familiar 10 us¡
30
or
40
ptr
cenl .
feems
nothing.
Now Ihis augmenlation operates upon two
C O M
COMMINATORY, an appellalion given to whalever
threalens punilhl1lfnt, or fome penalty.
COMMINUTlON, denotes Ihe breaking, or ralher
grinding, a body to very fmall panicle,.
COMMISSARY, in th$ eeclefiafiieallaw, an o!lieer of
the bilhop, who exercifes fpiritual jurifdiélion in plaees
of a dioeefe fo far from the epifcop.1 fee, that the
chancellor cannol call the people toIhe bilhop's princi·
pal confiHory court, wilhoul giving Ihem 100 mueh in·
conveniency.
COMMI ISARy·courl, in Scots law,
a
COUrt originally
confiiluted by Ihe biRlOps for executing in Iheir name
ao llfurped jurifdiélion, and was anciently called Ihe
hiJhop¡ courl, curia Chrij/ianilaIÍl,
or
conJijlorial
(ourl.
This cour! was new·modelled by
~een
Ma–
ry at the Reformalion, and continues till this day.
See Seo n LAw, title,
Ecc"linjlical perJonl.
COMMtSsARY, in a militaryfenfe, isof three fons .
CO"HIJ s
lA
R
y.gerreral o!lhe mujlefl,
an o!licer appoinled
to mufier the army, as oflen as the general Ihinks pro·
per, in order 10 know Ihe lIrength of eaeh regiment
and company, to receive and infpea Ihe mufier·rolls,
and 10keep an exaél fiate of the llrength of Ihe army.
CO MMlsSARy·ger.erul
of
jlorCJ,
an officer in the artil–
lery, who has the charge of .11 the flores, for which
he is accounlable to Ihe o!liee of ordnance.
CO >!Mt
SSAR
y·ge",ral.! pr.oijiOnJ,
an officer who has
the inlpeélioo of Ihe bread and provifionsof ¡he army.
COMMISSlON, in common.law, the wamnt or let·
tm·patent which all perfons exercifing jurifdidion
have tOempower them to hear or determine any eaufe
or fuit: as, the commiffion of' the'judges,
&c.
CoM"t ISSI ON
if
bankrupley,
is the commiffion
l~at
i(fues
fromIhe lord ehancellor,
00
a perfon's becoming a
bankrnpt within ?ny of the flalules, direéled to cero
lain commiffioncrs appointcd 10 examine inlo it, and
10 fecure Ihe b.nkrupl's lands and effeéls for Ihe
Ca·
ti¡faélion of his oredilors.
CO>f " tSSlON _[
1/llIaC)'
i(fue, OUI of Ihe cour! oflchan.
cery,
10
inquire whuher a perfon reprefenled 10 be a
lunatic be fo or no!.
COM 'tlssl "~ ,
in commeree. See FACTOUGE.
.COMMISSIONER, a perfoo authorifed by commiffioo,
E
II
e
E.
thirds, at leafl, of Ihe whole expence of a labouring
t11:tn: lel any one who lives in tole"ble alRuence make
Ihe aPl'licalilin of lhis 10 himfelf, and examine how he
wonld manage his a(f,ti" ir. by accident;
oC
rains or
IVinds. bis <xpences were
10
rife
~o
Pl'r cenl.
IVilhoul a
pollibilily of rellr.ining them ¡ for this is unfor!unate.
Iy the cafe IVith all the 10lVcr d.(fes. From whcnce
it may be conduJed. Ihat Ihe keeping food cheap, and
lIill more the prefcrving it at all times at an equal'
11
a
ndarcl, is the fountain of the wealth of Holland ¡ and
thal any hurt flll compelition in this article mull begel
a
diforder which will a!feél Ihe whole of Ihe maDuf.ély·
rers of a llate.
C O M
leners· palent, or olher lawful warrant, to examine
anymatlelS, or execute any publie o!liee,
&c.
BefiJes thofe relating tO judicial proceedings, there
are
COMM IS StONERS
o! /he cujlonlJ.
See CUSTOMS.
COM>fISSIONERS
o!excift.
See Exc rsE.
COMMISS IONERS
o! Ihe naoJ.
See NAVY.
L"d¡
COM>fISIIONEkS
of
Ihe Irca¡/lrj.'
See TRE!–
SUR Yand EXeH¡Q.UER.
COMMITTEE, one or more perfons, 10 whom the
confiJeralion or ordering of
a
maner is referred, ei–
ther by fome cour!, or by lhe confent of panies, 10
whom it belongs.
COM ,t ITTE E
of
pnrliaw/Cn/,
a cerlain number of mem–
bers appointed by Ihe houfe, for the examination of
a bill, making a repon of an inquiry, procefs of Ihe
houfe,
&c.
•
Whena parliament is called, and the fpeaker .nd
members have taken Ihe oalhs, there are comminees
appointed to fit on certain days,
viz .
the comminee
of privileges and e1eélions, of religion, of trade,
&c.
which are llanding eomminees.
Sometimes the whole houfe refolves ilfelf into a
committee¡ on IVhieh oceafion eaeh perfoDbas a right
to (peak and rcplyas often as he pleafes, which is not
the cafe when a houfe is not in a comminee.
C9MMIXTION, in Scots lalV, is a method of aequi–
ring property, by mixing or bleoc(ing together dilferent
fubllances belonging to dilferenr proprietors. If this
tommixtion Vlas made wilhoul the confent of ule dif·
ferent proprielors, and the m.lterial, cannol again be
disjoined, il draws .fter it Ihe property of Ihe
m.te–
ri.ls. See Seo n LAIV. title,
Dit'ijiOll
of
righll.
COMMODATE, in Seols lalV, is • gratuitous lo.n,
wherein Ihe property of lhe Ihlng bUI contioues with
the lender,
.nd
only lhe ufe of it given to lhe bor–
rower, who mull renore the individual thing borrowed.
See SeoTS LA IV, title,
Ohltgalion¡ .nd M¡lra{/¡ ,n
gmcral.
COMMODITY, in a general fenfe, denoles all fortS
of IVares and merchdnoizcs wlldtfoévcr lhat a Ferfon
deals or trade, in.
S/aple
COMh10DtTlES, fueh wares and merchaodizes as
¡ce