1000000030

(lf an)'

~reJt alll'ant~~c

or inconl'e"irnry; the change of

Iheir cir.:umllances ",il! cI'en he impercI'ptible.

The illlnledim c/feéls of the lIolent revolution will ,

In this exampk, be flamring to fome, anO dir.lgree.ble

lOothm. Wealth ",ill be founo dailv

auglllent,

1"010

Ihe

ri~ug

prir~s,

in many braneh,s of iDoull ry. This

will eneourage the indutlrious cla/fcs, and the idle con·

fumers at home will cumplain. We have already dwd t

~bu",lantly

long upGn the efTeéls r,fulling from lhis

lhe lowcr eI"Oes of the pcople, in providmg them with

a eenaio means of

fuh~lIence.

Let us

now

examine in

",ha! rerpeél even lhe higher cla/fes wilJ

made likew,fe

fee! the good e/feéls of lh,s general ehangp., although

at firf! they may Cu/fu a temporary inconvenieney

from il.

Farmers, as has becn ouferved, will have a grcater

dilliculty in finding Cemnts, \Vho, inllcad of labouring

the ground, wUI ehure tolum themfdl'es tomanufaélures.

This we have eonGdered in the lieht of purging the lands

of ruperRuous moulhs; bUl eveiy confequenct in this

gréat ehain of politics draws

olh~r

confequenee>l after it,

and as they follow one anolher, Ihings pUl on dlflerent

faces, which aR'eél cla/f<s di/fercntly. The purgtng of

the

I.nd

is bUl one of the firf! ; here followl another.

The defenion of the lands employed in a " ifi,ng agri–

culture ",ill al Jirfl, no doubt, emuamfs the farmers ;

but in

linle time every thing becomes balaneed in a

,rading nation, beeaufe

I"re

every

indujlriouJ

man muf!

advanee in profptrit)', io fpite

01"

all generJl eumbin..ions

of eiretlmllanees.

In the eafe before us, the relative profiu upon farm:

ing mnr! foon beeome greater than fo,merly, bceaufe of

lI11s additional expence whieh mull alFeéllhe whole clafs

of fMmers

eonfequeotly, this additiooal expenee, io–

lIead of Iurning OUl to be a

10Cs

either laodlord or

farmer, wiJl, after fome Jinle time, turo out to the ad–

vaola~e

of both: beeaufe the produce of the.ground, be–

ing indifpenfably oeeefTary tO every body, mull in every

anicle increafe io its value. Thus in a fhon time ae–

eounts wiJl be nearly balaneed on aJl hands; that is tO

fay,

the fame proponionof weahh wiJl,

u/ah

/,orib'/J,

continue the fame among lhe indullrious. We fay among

the inrlullrious; for lhoCe who are either idle, or eveo

.negligenl, wiJl be

gr~at

lofers.

A proprietor of

l.nd

, inamntive to the caufes of hi,

f.rmer's additional expe'nce, may very imprudeotly {ulFer

his rems to fall, in/lead of aOiHing him

a proper

oeea~on,

iD order

mue them afterwards rife lhe

bigber.

Thare who tIVe upon a determined i"eome in money,

and ",ho are no",ife employed in traflie, oor in any

Ceheme of iodullry, will, by Ihe augmenmion of priee!,

be found in ",orle eireumllanees thao before.

In a lrading nalion every man mull turn his talcots to

aeeount, or he wiJl undoubtedly be lefl behind in lhis

univerfal emulalion, in ",hieh lhe moll indullrious, lhe

moll ingeniou!, aod lhe

01011

frug.l wiJl eonllaotly emy

011'

the prize.

This eonGderatioo ought

be a fpur to every body.

T he riehef! meo io a trading natÍon hm no feeurity a–

¡aigll po.erly

\Ve

meaD proporcional poveny

for tbou¡b

lhey.dirn.iniO¡ nothing of lheir ineome, yet, by oot 'io–

erealmg

In p,upon,on to

ot~e,s,

theylole thm ra"k

IV,·.lth, an,j' tmm lhe fitll

cI.fs

io which they Ilood they

\Vdl (llfte

",tcn~¡'ly

duwn to a lower.

Therc i, une eonfequenee of an additional benefieial

tracle. whieh railes dernand and iocreafes weahh; bUl if

IV~

tuppofe no pruponional augmeoration of fupply, il

w,1I prove at bell but an airy dmm whieh lalls for a

nlome"" aod when fhe gilded feeoe is pa(l'ed a",aY;

nu ntbedefs are the ineoovenicneies whieh are feen tO

li,JlolV.

We 1h.1I

now

point out the natural eoofcqueoccs of

lhis ancrnema,;oD of wealth drdwn from foreign oations,

when lhe lIateflOao remains inmentive

inereaCe Ihé

fupply both of fooo ano maonfaélures, in proponioft tO

the dugmenlRlion of mouths, and of the demand for lhe

produce oí inrlutlry.

In fueh a Gtuation profiu wdl daily fwell, and every

feheme for rcdueing tllem within ,he bounds of modera–

tion, will be lookeJ upon as a hurtful and unpopular

meafu re: ue il fo; but let us examine tlle confe–

qUenc.!.

We have faid, thal tlle rife of demand for manufae.

tures nalurally inereafes tite value of work: now

muf!

add , th" unJer fueh eireumll.nees, lhe augmentatioo of

riches,

in o coun/rl,

rJ/htr

110/

cap.bI

(

improva.(n/

th, jóil, or whut pucau/iMJ h""'6 n<t

hun

la~,"

[or [aciliIQ/ing a m,'¡¡iplicu/ion

i"l,abllan/J, bl/h(

im/,or/a/ion

/uljijltrm,

will be produélive of ¡he mof!

ealamilolls eonfequenecs.

On one fiJe this w{a1th wil! efTcéluaJly diminilh the

m~fs.

of the food before prodlleed

and on the other,

wdl Increafe the oumber of ufelefs eonfumers. Tlle firll

of thefe cirtumllanees will raife the demand for food •

and the feeood wiJl diminifh Ihe nllmuer of ufeful fre;

hands, and eonfequently raife the price of

manufac1ure~:

bere arefhonly the outlines of this p, ogrefs.

The more rieh and luxurious a people are, the more

delieale they beeome in their manner of living; if they

fed on bread formerly, they. ",ill now feed

meal; if

lhey fed on meat, they wil!

now

feed

fowJ. The

f.me

ground whieh feeds a hundred with bread, aod a

proponion.J quantilY of animal food, will nOl maintain

an equal number of delieate livers. Food mull then be–

come more fcaree; denland for il rifes; the rieh are al–

",ays the Ilrongell in the market ; they eonfume the:

food, anJ Ihe poor are foreed to Ilarve. Here the widc

door tO modern dillrefs opeos; to Wil, a hunful eompe–

lition fur fubGllenee. Fanher, when a people beeome

rieh, lhey ,hink lefs of <Eeonomy; a nombor of ufele(s

femnls are hireJ, to beeome an additional dead weighe

on eonfumption; aod wheo Iheir Ilarviog eountrymen

eannot fupply the extr3l'aganee of lhe rieh lo eheaply as

omer nauons, lhey eilher impon infirlln,ents of foreigo

luxury, or Ceek

enjoy thenl OUl of their

OWD

eouolry,

and thereby make refin ution of their gains.

Is it DOt therefore evidenl, thal if, before things-come

to lhis pafs, additional fuhtillenee be oot provided by one

melhod or other, the number of inhabitants mull rlimi–

nifh

alrhoogh riehes may ddily increaCe by a balaoee of

additional rnanu, luppofcd

be brougbl ioto the

CUUDtry