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tROe of the flmngers, ~nd to captivate their defires hy c·
lIry pufliblt Ille~ns. T he more e~ger they'are of pi t·.
fents, the more I~vi/h the Iraders \Viii be in beflo",ing
and diverfifying them. It is an animal put up to fmen,
the mure he cm the Cooner he is fit fur Oaughler. When
their larte fur CupcrfluilY is fully formed, ",hen the re·
liO, for their Cormer fimplieity is fophiflicated, poifooed,
and oblilerated, thcn they are rurtly in tite rCUtrS of Ihe
trauers, and the deeper they go, the lefs pollibility there
is of Iheir getting out. The preCents then \ViII die ~way,
h~ving ferved their purpofe; ~Dd if afterwards they are
found to be contillucd, it will probably be to Cupport the
competition againfl other nations, who will indine to
Ollre of the profits.
Ir, on the contrary, this nO\olrading nation does not
abound with commodities uCdul tO the tradm, thefe
wll1 make liule account of mding IVith them, whalever
their turn may be; but, if we fuppoCe this country inha·
bit~d by a I~bnrious people, who. having tdken a taOe
for rclineOlent from the traders, apply themfdves 10 a·
griculture, in order to produce a;tides of Cubfirtenee,
they will folic;t the mcrehanls tO give them part of their
mauuf.llures in exehange for thofe; alld this trade \ViII
undoubtedly have the efrell of multipiyinr. n¡Jlnbers in
the trauing nation. But if food eannot be furniOleu,
nor any otlter branch of rrodullion found out tO fupport
the corrcfpondcnce, lhe tafle for refinemcnt IVill Coon die
a\Vay, and trade IVill flop in tltis quaner.
Hau it not been for the furs in thore eountries adja.
cent' to Hudfon's Bay, and in Canada. the Eu ropeans .
never IVould have thought of fuppl ying inOruments of
luxury to thoCe nations; and if the inhdbitants of IhoCe
regions had not taken a taOe for lhe inOruments of luxu·
' y, furniOted to lhem by the Europeans, they never would
have become Co indefaligable nor Co dextrous buntm.
At the Carne time \Ve are nOI to CuppoCe, that ever thefe
Americans would have come to Europe in queOof our
Olanufallures. lt is therefore o\Ving to our merchants,
that theCe nations are become in any degree fond of re·
f.nement; and lhis tafle, in all probability, \ViII not foon
excecd tite proportionof tite prooullioos of their country.
I'I'om theCe beginniogs of foreign trade it is eaCy to trace
irs incre,Ce.
One Il~p tOlVards this, is the eflabli!hing comCpon.
dences in fQreign countries; and theCe are more or IcCs
neceOary in proportion as the cOllntry where they are e·
fl abliOtcd is mor~ or leCs poliOled or acqu~inted \Vith
tr;lde. They C4yply me want of polls, and point óut to
tite mercbants \Vhat proponion the produllions of the
cOllntry bear tO lhe demand of the inhabir~nts for ma·
nuf,lllllres. This communic,tcs 3n idea of commerce ro
the not.trading nation, and lltey inCenfibly begin tO lix
3 determined value upon their oIVn produllions, IVhich
perhJps ·bore no detcnnined value at alJ befure.
Let us mce a linlc the progrers of this reónement in
the Cavagl's, in order to Olew ho\V it has the effcll of
thr<rlVing tite demand upon the traders, and ~f c.eating
a coml,clition among tllem, for the produaions of tite
nelV country.
Experience /hew!, that, in a nelV difcovered counlry,
merchao\! conflantly find fome anicle or other of Íts pro·
E e E.
duétions, which ruros out tOagrca aecount in commercc :
and we fee tltat the longcr IlIch a trade fublills, and the
more the inhabiraots take a talle far European manufac·
tures, the mOre rheir own produllions rife in thtir va·
lue, and rhe Icfs proljt is maue by trading Wilh them,
even in CartS where tite mde is catried onby companies;
whicl~ is a very wife inllitution for one reafon, lhat it
CU\! off a eomyelition belween our m~ rchants .
This i9 the bell means of keeping prices low in fa·
vour of rhe nation i how~ver it may W01 k a contruyef.
fell Wilb reCpell 'to indiviuual! \Vho mu(l buy from there
monopolies.
When companies are nOI eflabli/hed, and when mde
i, open, our merchants, by their eagernefs 10 profit by
the new trade, betray the Cecrm of it, they cnter ioto
competition for tite purchaCe of the foreign produce, and
tbis raiCes prices, and f.vours the commerce of the moll'
ignorant Cavages.
COllleqTlCl/w 01 tbe JI/trodumoll 01 n pnffive fa.
reign Trnde ~lllong n People ~ubo ¡ive ill Sim.
plidly ami IdlmcJ!.
W E now CuppoCe the arrival of traders, alJ in one in·
tere(l, lVitli inllruments of luxury all,1 relÍnement, al a
pOrt in a country of greal fimplicity of Olanners. abun·
dandy provided by nature IVilh grear adl'3ntages forcomo
merce, and peopled by a narion capable of adopting &
tafle for Cuprrflllirjes.
The firi! thing the merchants do is, to expofe their
goods, and point out the advaorages Qf many things. ei
ther agreeable or ufeful to m.nkjno iD general,
lVines, Cpirits, inOruments of agriculture, arms. andamo
munition for hunling, nets for Ii!hing. manufallures for
dothing, and the like. Tite .dvantages of thefe are pre·
fen!ly perceived, and Cuch commodities areeagerly Cough~
after.
Tite nalives on their fide produce what they mo(l e·
fleem, generaJly fomelhing Cuperfluous or ornamental.
The traders, after examining aJl circumflances, deter·
mine the objell of their demand, giving the lealt quan·
lily pollible in returo for this Cupetllui,y, in order ro im·
prefs the inhabitants with a high notion of the value or
lheir own cOOlmodities; blll as this parfimony may do
more hurt than good tO rheir interefl, thq are very ge·
nerous in making preCents, from tite principies mention·
ed above .
When tbe exchange is completed, and Ihe traders de
palt. regret is comrnonly Olutu.l ; the one and rhe orher
are Corry tltat the r"perAuities of the country faH /hort.
A return is promired by tite trdders, and alfuronces
are given by the natives of a better provifion aoolber
time.
What are the lir(l conCequences of this revolution?
Jt is evident, thar, in order to Cupply an equiva·
lent for this new IVant, more hlnds mult be rer to \York
than formerly. Alld it is eviuent alfó, that rhis augment·
ation oC indunry wilJ not efrentially increafe numbm :
Why? BecauCe the produce of tite induJlry is, in this
caCe, intended 10 be exporrcd. But, if we can finu out
aoy ~dditiooal coorumption at home, even implied by
IWs