1000000030

hal il

01,1)'

be coolil1l1 dly ",hirle" rouo" wilh a rOlalOry

mUI\l'n, by

",~.Ins

lIt" ,1 C(lnl. a wheel. ,otl a \Vineh.

PI)' Ihis "',Icluoe fOI len or l\Vd l'c hours ; aoo Ihrn fi hcr

tI,e 1,¡uor Ihlou:lh IWI! lineo eloths fp

re.ld

on a hair–

fi<l'c. Lel )'our filt<red liquor Ibn" ql\iel for Iwel l'é

h"uls Ol0r" : TI1\'O pour il

00'

by ,oclio;ui" o fron, ,he

I~,:i.",·nl

yl1u \\ ill find al bOltom; and fi ller il a fceood

lim ' lhrough a flaooel bago

1'0ur frdh waler, bUllO a fm,IIer quanlily. on lhe

111.lf

, left at"ler trilUf.ltioo with Ihe maehioe. Trilllrare

"ó.in

for f"u r or fi"e hOllrs. Trw lhe liquor of tllIs

fceoou trilllre jun as you dio lhat of lhe (,rll, and mix

lh~m

both

tog~lher. Dil~ribl1te

0111 the liqllor you

OO.V

hJ'~

,mvog a follicieot

ol1mb~ r

of fhallow earlheo plales,

anJ eraporate il by a gentle he:l, fueh as ' lhal of lhe

filO. or of a v.lpoUl .bath, 10 the eoofinenee of ao ex–

mél, 01' el'eo

dryo~fs,

as you lhiak proper.

To 'x/ro{/

fr'lII

SudJ

alld

Kan" "

Tri/uro/ion,

Ih,

Mn /ler o[

EIn/lIji.m.

BU NeH lhe keroels of whieh you oeftre 10 make an

emulfion; pUt lhem inlo a m.d,le mon,lr; aod a I'e–

Iy lillle water; ano po;md Ihem Wilh

wooden peOle.

CCOlinucpoundiog and

l~ilu,allng

lill Ihe Illmer b"come

li~e

a while

p.Oc

. From lime 10 lime pour on il, by

""le anrl lil>le, more f.i r waler warrnecl, nill eOOlinuiog

the 11 ituration; by whi;:h

me.ns

lhe pane will grow

thi"ner. Go on Ihus tiJl every p,niele of your kernels

erofhed 10 papo Then adJ, nill rubbiog the mix–

tllre, eoough of water

make lhe whole an aaual fluid ;

,nd you wi ll hare a liqunr of a dead·while eolour, re–

f~mbliog

milk. Strain it lhrough a clenn lineo clolh ,

it ·.'ill leave on

th~

fiher fome eoarfe pans, \Vhieh mun

be returoed to thofe left in lhe mortar. Again triltlrate

anel rub lhe remaioder of the kernels, wilh ,he addilion

of water as before. This

f~eond

liquor will DOt be fo

while oor fo rieh a9 Ihe forme r , filler it in the fame

mlnner, ,no again griod wilh .water the folid pans re–

m1ining. In this maoner proeeed, repeatedly rubbiog

and addiog frefh water, till it appear no longer milky,

but come off clear. The white milky waters thus ob–

tJincd go by the oame of an

OIWIji",

AII the mallers, from \Vhieh a fal oil is obtaioable

by exprcflion, produce emulfions when triltlrmd with

lter.

An emulfion confin! ehiefly of two fub(laoees. Onc

nf lhefe is mucilagionus, aod foluble in W.ller. This

["bllanee hy itfelf \Vould nol gire a milky appcaranee o

the emulfioo, whi :h, with it alooe, \Vould be limpid.

The olher is a fa! oil, whieh of ilftlf is oot foluole in

water ; but bcing divideo by Ihe mrans of trituldlion in–

v~ry

fmall globules, il is difperfed lhrough the wh11e

liquor, and fufpended tfierein hy lhe aid of lhe mueiJ.l–

g¡~ous

parto

is lhis oily part that gives Ihe emulfion

itl oead-white milky eolour; hee lufe il is nO! ,ttually

difloll'ed io the waler, bUl only diff"f"d through il.

oil he mixcu with Wal er in a phi.l, antl Ihe mixture

'firoo&l y fh .lktn for fom" lim';, wilh a "pid anel continllld

mOlion, lhe o" will be di,ideo intll .11'0111 oumber of lil–

tle globulcs, whiehintervcning between Ih<, p.I!" of lhe

wmr will denroy

liS

tr~nrJ'areoey,

and n,ve

a deau·

\Vhile eulour, likc that of nllr em"lfioo. nut,

ti"

o" .is not fo minulely divir!cd by this

mean~

as ¡'y trit".

ratlr:g the ll1attcrs cont:tiniog

ít;

and again, therc

~k!iJl'

mucil.ge

in lhis liqu0r, as Ihere is in emulr,on"

ti•.;

oil 1000 fepums from lhe water when it is lefl at ren;

re·ubiles iOlo rOllnd globub, and thefe joiniog

ucrh<r

rif. to lhe furfaee of Ihe liquor, whiclrthen

reeov~rs

ii!

traolpmney.

The cafe is OOt exaélly the fa me with emulfions' bet

fOO1Cthiog like it happens to them alfo.

they

lerl

lOnanu qlliet io a long bonle, lhe liquor, ",hieh

r,rr¡

arpeared homogeneous, feparales iDtO t\Vo manifdil¡

olff~renl

pam. The upper pan retains its

dead·whit~

eolour, but is thieker and more opaque; whi!e the10IVer

pñrl beeomes perfeélly tranfparen!. This i, the begin–

oiog of ao entire feparalion of lhe oily from lhe

aqu~ocs

pans. The former, being the lighter, afeeod and gain

Ihe upper pdrt of lhe liquor; while the 101'lCr,

b~,r.g

freed from that whieh obllruéleo ilS trannueenee re–

covers i\s proper lirnpidilY: bUl the oily pam do

n~l

re–

uoile ioto malfes large eoough to form one homogeneol's

whole, Wi l/¡ the appearanee .nd limpidnefs of oi!; their

beinS mirurrely dividedand entangled in the mueilage im–

pdio:¡ their nalUrallendeocy.

EOlUlfioos 6,n bcein tofpoil, as they growold, nOl by

turniog rancio And aerimooious like the

fal

oils orawo by

expreOion, but by lllrning four; whieh is olViog 10 the

great quantilY of mueilage lhey coauio. As there is a

fat oil io their compofilioo, they have' the fame virtues

Wilh Ihat

f~rt

of oil: but lheyare moreover iorralfnling,

cooling, nnd emollient; qllalities whieh render them ex–

tremcly ufeful in aeute and ioRammatorydiforders. They

grow tuu r io a very fh ert lime, efpeei.lly in the heat

of fummer ; oay, they fome limes do fo in two hOlrrs ,

and lhererore they oughl to be prepared from lime 10

time as they are tObe ufed.

The mJlter lhat is lefl \\'heo all the fubllanee of lhe

emullion i9 extraéled, ano from whieh the water comes

off clear and limpid, is fe",ee aoy lhiog bUl lhe earthy

part o/lhe feeJ or kernel Ihat

IV.IS

triturmd; whieh,

hOlVever, nill retaios

portion 01' 'tenaeious nnd grofs

oil, adheriog 10 it

6rmly as not to be feparable by

water.

The ehyle and milk of aoimals refemble an emulfion

in feveral refptéls, ao,l partieularly in thelr dead'lVhile

colour; which arifes, in lhe fame manner, from Ihe rery

minule ranieles of oil eootained in them, aod JiOribuled

through an aqueous f,c1dlinous fluid , blll DOt di¡Toll'ccl

therein. In general, whenel'er aoy oi l of any kind hap–

pens ro

looged iR lhis m, nner belween lhe p"'s 01' 3n

aqueous liquor, it al",ays Ol, kes lhe whoJe of an npac¡"e

whlte: for oil will nOI Olix lVith waler, fo as 10 plelJuce

a li'luor lhat nmll ap

?e.lr

homogrncolls and lIanf¡""l':It.

uulcfs il be intiomdy dilfoh'ed in Ihe wmr; wh,,'h

c.nnot be ell'eacd hut by menns of an union preriollÍJy

contrn,91t! hCllI'rt'n il and

~\l1Ie

fcline matter; as;, ¡he

eIfe of l1Iueilagl" , eerta;o f' pnll.ecous mane"s, , ,,d IlIl1Ie

other eombill lti,ms of which lVe Olall h"'e

oecar,~o

lreat i.o rhe f;·'I,d .

Thl' l1Ieth.,ds we hal'e hilheno propof"d. f", rxm,9-

io~

from vegcldble

fublt.nm

all

Ih.ll

lhey \\'ill "icld

withoijl