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v o w
Ihe lonie and Compofite e.pitals, il m.k.. Ihe
priocipal charaélcriClic and ornamento Sce I'T EC–
TURr, p. 351·
VOLVULU S. in m.dicine, a name whieh fome aUlhoro
give la the iliac paffion. Sce MEDICINE , p. 114-
VOMIR. inanatoOlY· SeeANATMIY. p. 163'
VOMICA. in roedicine, il eommonly token for a fuppura–
ted impollhume, or an ¡breefs with a fuppuration. See
M!DICI N5, p. 104.
Nllx VOtUCA, in pharmacy. a flat comprelfed round fruit,
o( lhe breadlh of a fhilling. or foroewhat more, and of
abOlle che thicknc:Cs of a crown.piece ..
h is lhe nucleus of a (rui, of ao Eafi·lndian tree, the
WOOU of which is the lignum colubrinum of the fuops.
Some have rrefcribed fmall doCes of the nux vomica as
a fpeci6c a!,linll a gonorrhre;¡, and orher.! againU qüar·
nn agues . But we have fu m.tOY good and (afe medi–
dicines for aU rhefe purpofes, that there feems no occa·
fion (or our having recourfe to fuch as theCe, which lhew
fo "gns of mifebief.
VOMIT, in pharmaey. See EME TIC.
VOM ITING, in medicine, a retrograde fpafmodie motion
of the mufcular fibres of the ocfophagus, nom~ch. and
inteCtines, attcndcd with (lrong coovulfioos of the muf–
cles of the abdomen and diaphragm, which. wheA geD–
tic, creaCea DaUrea; when violeDl, a vomiting. See ME-
DICINE, p. lIS. •
VOORN. one of Ihe ifland. of Holland, bounded by lhe
Tiver !\'Jaes, which divides ie from the: c"ontinent and the
ifl•• d of lO. munde, on lhe nonh; by lhe fea e, IIed th<
Bies-borch, 00 the eaO:; by ;:tDother branch o( ehe Macs,
which divides h from the"iOands o( Gorce and Overlh.c~
kee. on 1he foudl ; and by lhe Germao Cea, 0 0 the weft j
bring abo'ut t\I!enty-four miles long, and hVC bro~d.
VORTEX. iD mcteorology, a whirlwind, or fudden, ra·
pid, aod violent motioñ of lhe air in gyres, or cireles.
Vone" i. alCo ufed for an eddy or whirlpool; or a
body of water, in cen ...ín fcas or r¡ven, which runs ra·
pidlyaround, (orming a fon o( cavily In the middle.
VORTE" . in Ihe Canelian philofophy, is a fyile", or col·
Jcllion of partícles of maner moviDo!; lhe Carne way, and
round the Carne 2xi!t.
Such vonices are the grand machines, whereby thore
philoCophers {ol ..e moCl of the motion, and other pheno·
..ena of lhe he.venly bodies. Aeeordingly•• he doElrine
of thefe vortiees marke a great pan of the Cartdian phi–
lofophy.
VOTE, lhe futTrage or " folve of of the members of
;l.n affimbly, where any cdrair is tO be earried by ama·
jority; bUI more p:lrticularly ufed for the rtColves of the
members of either honfe of parliamenL
VOTIVE: MEDAL'. lhofe on whieh are exp'elfed Ihe
vnW$ of the people for tbe empero" or empretrcs. See
MroAL .
VO\V, a folemn and religious promífe, oroath . Sce O ATH .
The ure of YOIIIS IS found in mon religioll5. 'rhey
make up a confidcrahle pan of the pag:an worlhlr~ being
made either in confC'q uence of fome de.iver<tnce. un ter
fome pic(Jing nCCtniIY, or (or the luceefs of (ome entero
pr·ze. Among the: Jew5. all Vu\YS \Vc:rc 10 be volunta ry,
;tnci O1ade hy pedons \I:hoJl y in thelr O\Vn power i ,,¡nd Ir
fu ..h perfon mac.h:;t v.,w, in :my th,ng la ·J. lul anct poffil>le,
he "''' ob!i¡:ed 10 fulúl il. lf he appolOlcd no panicular
U R A
time for aceompJilb'ing his vo\v, he was bound (O do it
inllantly. leCI by delay he fhould prov. lef. able. or be
u!1wiJling, tO exeCl.lte his promire. Amon2, the RornaniO:s.
a per{on is connitutcd a rcJigious by taking tbree vows,
thu of poyerty, chaftiry, and obedience.
VOWS, among lhe Romans, figni(jtd facrifices, ojfaings.
prefents, and prayers made for rhe Czfars and emperors,
parlieuJarly for their profperity and tl,le continuance of
tbeir empire. Thefe Were at tirCl made ev~ry five years,
Ihen every 6(leen. and afterwards every twenty, .pd
were c:tlled quinquenoalia, decenDalia. and vinccnnaJia .
VQWEL, in grammar. a leuer which affords ~ complete
Cound of ilCelf, or a lerrer fo fimple as only tO Rced a
bare openiDg of lhe moulh to make it heard, and to (onn
a diftinét voice.
The vowels are fix in number, v;z. A. E, 1,..0, U, Y,
and are called vowels, iD contradiClinélion to certaio other
letters, which, depeAding on a putlcubr application or"
fome pan of the mouth, as the te(tb, lips or palate. Cí\n
make RO perfelt Cound without ao opening or rhe mouth,
Iha. iS J without the addicioD of a vowtl, aDd are tbere·
rore called conConan., .
UPHOLSTER, UPHOLITE •••, or UPflOLDH, a lr.deJ–
man Ihat makes beds, and all fons of furniture lhereunto
belonging, be.
UPLAND, denOle, high ground, or, as fome ca" i.l, lerra
firma. by whieh it lIands oppofed lO Cueh .. is moorilh,
marfhy. or low.
UJ'LAND, a province oJ Sweden, bounded by the province
of Gcnricia 00 the north .wefi, by the Bahic {ca on the
Donh-call and fomh ·eaft, .~d by Suoderl'Dd .nd Welt–
mania 00 the foulh ílnd weCl.
UPPINGHAM. a markel-town of England, in the eounly
o( , · filllated fix miles Coulb of Okeham.
UPRIGHT, in herald,y, is uCed iD refpdl of Ihcll.fifh e.,
as crevices, tu. when Ilaoding erefllO a eOH. lnafmucil
as they want fins. they cannot, according 10 Guillim, be:
properly (aiel to be haunaot, that bcinz a term appropri.
ated lO fealy fifhe•.
UPSAL, a eity o"e~ the capital of Ihe provinee of Upland,
and of . 11 Sweden, being lhe only arehbilhop's fee in
Sc:mrlina,ia, and aD uni.,erGty; fituatcd iD E. long. 17t1
30', N . lal. 60°.
UPTON, a market-town of ';VorceClerfhire, "i!le mire~
{'Iuth ofWorcefter.
UPUPA. in ornilhology, a genus belonging lO 1!le orJel"
o( pica:. The beak IS arcuHcd. con\·ex. and fOlOewhat
bluntj lhe tongue IS obture, cntice, triangular, and very
(hon j and the fcet are 6tted for walkmg. There are
l \\'O fpecit's , both natives of rndia.
Ult/\CHUS, a membraDous canal in .he Ca:IUS of qu,dru–
ptds in , of a pyramldCiI 6gu rt', t:x(cnceó rmme~
diately from .the fWldus of (he bladder 10 the navel; and
¡fter paffing through this, It is by degree:s enlJrgl'd, and
makes its way into (he alLmtois al rlRht-ancle5 ea('h \Yay.
or nearly fo, and convey' th~ urine froOl lhe bldddcr IO~
to {he C¡¡Ylty 01' thls O1emhraDc.
URtlNHURG. Or U ..."tUURC, a .. 01. ~f Dmnwk. fi–
lU Iled On lhe liule ¡(J .• nei 01 Hu n, In th~ S.)unJ. (i:oc:.
tCt.:n miles nonh·ectll o, C"peoh ...gen. Hl'IC' 'V.. s Ihe te·
idH.HCd oblefv31ory btult by that nobll' D ·ne ry~ hl,)
Srahc, ilnd furnifhed wilh Inflrunlcnu ¡ ('II obrel vlng lhe:
courC. anu molÍoos o( tbe IrcaHnly bodit'.
URANO-