837 / 868
W A S
934 )
W A T
\VART. in furgery•• li,t1e round
h.rdexcrcrcence .rifin,¡
(rolll ,he flelh like a p<>.
WARW\CK, ,he capi..1ofW.nvicklhire, fi,u>led on Ihe
ri.,cr Avoo, cigluy m:ld n(lrth -wc::ft of
Landan :
W .
lon~.
1°,.32' , N. hit. 5i o -:0'
,,/ASH . •
mon~
diJliJlers. Ihe fermentable liquor uCed by
the
m~h
ddllllers . Sce
B K ~ WEI\ Y .
WASHING,
in piilinting.
1$
when a ddigo, drawn with a
peo
Gf
crayon, hu fome one colour Idid
oYer
it
wuh a
peneil, as [nJi"," ink.
blltre,
or
,he
like. to make ir ap–
pear rhe more natural,
by
adding lhe ntitdow of promi·
nences, apcrture.
6c.
aud
by
imit:tting (he
puticul¡¡r
nl;Ulen
whae.ofthe
lhing is
fuppoft'd
to
conCln.
Thus (hey warh with a paje red,
tO
¡minie
brick and
ti
le ; with a pOlle Iodian.bluc. to
¡
mil.uewater and
n.He;
with greco, for trees and meadows; witb f.!frron or
Freneh herries, for gold or
braf,;
and with reveral co.
)OUTS, for mal bies.
W
A SH I HG
if
Or~J
I
the
puri(ying
an ore uf any mteal,
by
nl~ans
o(
Wólle:r, (rom
t';,¡,rths and noncs. whlch
\Yould o..
therwirc render it
ddnc¡¡lt of Juíion.
See
CHEMIITII. Y,
p.
'lO.
W'
ASP. in zoologv. See VESH .
W ASTE
of
a Ship.
i. ,h., pa" uf her botween Ihe main
and tore mano
WAsTE, noARDs,
are
board,
{ometimcs
fct
upon the fide
of a boat, or other vdfd, to
kccp
the fea from breaking
iOlo her.
WATCH, in Ihe
art
of war.
I
number of men poned al
.ny palfage. or • company o( ,he guardo who &0 00
,he
pairo!.
\V A T
e
I-I and
e
L
o e
1(. W
o
R
K.
A
CLOCJt is a
m~chioe
connruaed iR rueh a manner. and
H'gulaled
by
fuch uniform
mOvtments. as
tO
mearure
time .tnd all
its
fubdivifions Wilh grt:at ex.anefs.
T he
Jame definnion comprehends watchcs of all
kinds ;
and in·
decd
they aTe bOlh made upon the fame
princip:es.
We !hall
therdort give a . ie w
of
the conílrullion
of
both thefe ma,
chiou under lhis
anicle.
Oflh< M " hanifm
O¡CLOC""
and howlh'J m,afurt
Ti"".
TH ' fidl figu re of PI"e
CLX
is a pr061e of • dock;
P is a wetghl fufpended by a rove ,ha, wind. abou, Ihe cy–
Jincier or burel C. which is 6xed upon (he axis
a a
;
t he
piyolS
b b
go in,o holes made in ,he pl...s TS. T S. in which
they
turo
freely.
Tkefe
plates are made of orars or iron,
and are conneéled by mean. of
fl"r pillarl
Z Z; a. d ,he
whole logether is caJled Ihe frame.
T he weight
PI
if
not rdlrained,
would oecefTarily
turo
the b;\rrcl C with
an
uniform accelerated motion,
in
the
fame
melOoer
as
,flhe
wt:ight was (alling freely from a height.
But
Ihe
batrel is furnifhed with a
ratchet
wheel K K .
lhe
right Gde of whofe teelh !lrikel againn lhe c1ick. which is
li xcd with a fere ..... ca Ihe whccl
D D,
as reprefCOIed iD
fig .· 2. fo Ihu the aétion o( the wei ght is
commuoicaled
10
, he wheel D D. Ihe tet,h of which aél upon ,he ..e,h of
lhe
Cm. 1I
whecl
d
which unos
opon (he
pivou
c c,
This
commuow:alioo of
the
¡celh of
one
wheel with another
¡,
caJled
engrena~e
or pi,éhing ; and a
fm.JIwheel. IIke
d.
is
called a
pioion.
'f he
wheeJ
E E
is
6xed
upon
Ihe
axis
of
the pioion
á ;
,¡nd
lhe
motioo
cornmunic3u:d lO ,he wheel
O D
by
Ihe
we'ghr is tl anfmiu ed rn Ihe Plnion
d.
eonfequcndy
lOIhe
whccl E E . as J¡k::wife
lO
rhe
piOlon~,
and whcel F F. whlch
muves
Ihe: plOlon/,'
upon rhe ; xis of
whlch
Ihe
crown
or ba–
lance whccl G H " fi xcd. T he pl. O" of ,he plniunfplay in
holes of lh"! pi lles L M .
which
are
~ xed
honzonrally
10
lhe
pl.Hcs
T S .
In
a "\lord, Ihe
moti
no bt'gun by Ihe
wei~ht
IS
tr~nfOlit1ed
(rom Ihc whtt) G H
10
Ihe p"It"lles
I
K,
whlch CulOnlUOlC.i1es i15 Ololion by
me~ns
o( the (orl;.
U
X
ilve! ed on
lhe:
pótlel1es.
10
the pt ndlJlum A B whlch
IS
(uf
pendtd upon
(he houk A.
Th~
p.:ndulum
A B dcfcn hes
l
ruUDIJ
lhe:
pUlot
i\ ,
an ciTe of a cirel: ahcrn¡tdy gOlng anu re-
lurning .
TI
Iheo Ihe pendulum be once pUl in motion by
a
pulh of ,he
h.nd.,he weighl of the pendulum
at
B
will
make it returo
upon ¡tfelf, and
it
will conlinue
tO &0
alter–
na,e1y b. ckward and (orward ,iJl ,he refi(boce of the air
UpOO lhe pendul um,
and
lbe friélion At lhe point of fufpen–
Gon
al
Al
denroys
the
original imprtlred
force .
BUI IS,
at
every vibration of
the pendulum,
Ihe
leeth
of lhe
balaDce~
"'heel
G H
aél
Co
upon ,he paletles\
K.
(,he piyo" upon ,he
axis of ,heCe palette. play in two boles of ,he po,ence
I l .)
thu
. fter one loolh
H
has communicalcd motioo 10
the
pa..
len e K, thu toolh
efcapes ; Iheo Ihe
oppofile
tooth
G aéls
tl pOO
the
paJette ., and
efcapes
iD
Ihe
(ame manocr:
and (hUI
each toolh of Ihe wheel ercapes the palcues 1, K,
afler
ha–
ying cOO1Olunicated
their
motion
tO
Ihe palel1es
¡.
(uch a mao–
ner Ihat the pendulum, inllead
of
beiDg !lOPI, contiDues
t.
move.
The
wh4e1 E E
revol,es
in
aD
hour; the pivot
e
Df thlS
wheel pa(fes through the plate, aod is eontinued
lO
r;
upon ,he pivol is a wheel N N ",i,h a long fockel fa–
fie ned
in the centre¡ upon Ihe eXl.emity o{
this
{ocket
r
tite
mtnu,e_hand is fixed . T he ..heel N N aél, upon ,he whcel
O ;
,he pinlon o( which,
p.
aéls upon ,he whed
g g.
fixed
upon
a focket
which luros aJong with Ihe wh'eel
N
This
wheel
g g
make,
ilS
revolution in
J
2 hOUTS,
upon
Ihe bclTrcl
of which Ihe hour·hand is fixed.
From the above dercription It is
eafy
to rec, [. That
the
w~ight
p
turns 41.11 the wherls,
aod
al
Ihe faroe
time
comi–
nues the motlon of the pendulum
2 ,
Tbac Ihe quicknc:fl
o(
t he
malion
o(
,he wheds is determined by th4t
ot
lhe
pcndulum
3
That the whceJs point our tht" parts of time
di\'idc:cI
by
the
uni!orm
mOlíon
of the penduluOl
When
lhe
cord upon which
the
wc:ight is
{ufp~nded
is
eOlirely run down from off
Ihe
b.rrel. il is wound up
aga.inby means of a
ktYI
wh"h
goes
on
lhe fquoHe cnd of Ihe ar–
bar al
~
by tUIOlng ir in a
contrary d,rdllon
(roro
Ihal
il'l
whieh lhe wrighl dcfccnrls.
For
IhlSpurpofe. Ihe; inchned
fide of Ihe rertll of thc whcd R ( g. 2 ) re'noves Ibe e11 k
e,
lo
lh ... ,
th ~
rat,hel · whud
R turns
\1,
hile
che whed O is
.1
ren : Bu r as fOliOas Ihe cord is wouod up,
lh
cltck
tJII,
in between lhe
1('el h
or
rhr
I" h~t
J O and rhe
rlght
Gdc
of
Ihe tc:cth a¡;din aft upoo the cod of ,he cllCk,
.wllich
ob!i&cs
,he