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U N
U NDU L ATION, io phyfics, • kind of Iremulou, mOlion
or vibrarian oblervf\hle in ~ JiC]uid, whertby it alternately
rifes and fa lls likc dle wavc! of lhe;: (e~ .
T his unduhuory mOlio!), jI the liquid be fmooth and
al Td ., i! propag;ued in concentric circlt s. as moH pea·
pie have obfervcd upoo tltro\VlOg a none or other millter
uroo the eUTraCe 0-( f\ H.IAn¡¡nt water, or even upon lOIICh·
j;lg (he furface 01 {he water lightly wllh Ihe finger or
the like. The reafon of thert circulctr ¡nduladons 19,
that by touching (he furface wilh your finger. th~re is
produced a depr efli on or lhe: water in thf' place o( s:ontaél.
By this depreffiun the lubjacc:nt pans 3rc moved (uecef·
livcl y out of their place. and lhe other adjacent pans
,hrun upw.rds, which Iying fuccetlivciy on Ihe dorceod ·
jng liquid, follow lt ; and lhus the pans of lhe Jiquid
are ahernately raift"d and deprefT"ed, and th2t d rc.ularly.
When a Oone i5 thrown into the liquid, the reciprocaJ vi·
luarions are more con(picuous.
UnduJatory morion i5 like",ife applied to a motion in
the air, whereby its parts are a~itated afler the mao–
ncr as wav-es in the fea ; as is fuppoCed lO be (he ciilfe when
t-he flri ng of a mufical inflrumcnt is tlruck. Thi5 un–
dulatory motion oC the airJ is fuppofed tbe matter or caure
of f~und.
UNG uENT, io medicine ood furgery, a .0pic.1 remedy or
compofi.ion, chiefly ufed in \he dretling of wounds .od
ulcers.
UNGUIS, io.o.'omy. See AN ATOM V, p. 160.
U NCUI S, among botaníns. S ee BO..... ANY J p. 6 37'
UNGULA, io ~eometry, Ihe feaion of • cylinder cut off
by. pl. ne p, lIing obliquely,hrough .he plane of .he bafe
. nd po" of .he cylindric .
UHGULA , in natural hitlory, the ela", or hooC of a qua–
druped.
UNICORN, 80 ooimol f,mou••mong .he ancien.., bu.
looked on by .he mooerns as f.bulou•.
UNI CORN_FlSH, in i\ hthyology. See MONODON .
UNIFORM deDo,es a .hiog '0 'be fimilar, or confinen.,
cither with another thing or wíth ¡tfelf, in re'{petl oC fi–
gure, Oruéture, proportíon, and the like ; in which {eofe
i. fland. oppof.d ' 0 d,lform.
UNIFO RM,ITY.• Gmili.ude, or refembl.nce, betw. eD
the pans of a whole: fuch is chat we meet with in figures
of many fides, ;vld anglos refpeaively equal, 'Dd aDfwer·
ahle '0 eaeh o.her.
UNIO L A. in bo..ny, • genus of .he tri.ndri. digyni.
cbfs. T he coIolix confins of many valves ; and the [pica
is o.,al and carinatc:d. There are: four fp~ci('S, none oC
them natives of Britain.
UNION, • JUDaion, co.li.ion, or .lfemblage of ,wo or
mOle diffe rcnt things in ont.
U NI O N o r 'LAMOS, in Scots law. See "LAw, Tit x . 20.
U NtO N, or che UHION by way of emincnce, is more pdr·
ticularly ufed tocxpreCs che atl whcreby the twO fc:p:uate
kiogdom. of. Eogland .nd S were incorpouted
ioto one. under the title of Tla-kingdom of Crear-Sr tain.
T hi. happy union, in vain aUt mpted by king J <lmes I.
'Utas a l lenfth dfet'ted in the yeal J 707, by .he géncu l
conrent of .he queen ¡nd the eU..tes of each rc..lm. The
chicf anicles of lhis union ,¡re, That the: tWU kingóoms
fh all be united inro Dne: kingdom . by che name: ofG rcar–
BrHaln: lhat they. in conj~· thc.·reof, be rcprefen.
ted hy one p.uJiament, of whi~h (ixteen PCtrs ..nd lony-
VO L, 111. N° 99,
927 U N
fl\'c commoners are to be ele.'lcd {M S cotl:\nd, and hal'e
l he. r .... ml.' privdege5 with chole 01 'Englanc1: l llH che (u b·
j d ls of euha na tton lh ..1I ha\'e equ..1 frcctlom of trade.
and be h.lblc 10 the C ..me cullom, :\nd the hke laws (or
public government, Oc. The klfk or church of 5 cot_
Jand 15 confinned j and the COUOS of juUicc are to ,,:maio
(he (ame as (hey were before the union, yet fubjc,-'l lO
regulallon, 6 c. A coun o( excheq uC'r is alfo ere~ted in
Scotl,.md. tO be a cnun of rccord, rcvenue, and jlJdica.–
ture, for ever; and b3ron5 of lhe-filld coun are appointcd.
who n1 .. 11 be (he judges there
UNISON , in mulick, Ihe .ff. a of '\VO fouods which
are t:qual in degree o( tune, or in POiDt of gravity .¡nd
;leUI\. De(s.
UN i T . or UNITY, io arithmf'rick, the number 00(, c r
one (jnple In,ilv du~1 pan of d.fcre:te quantity.
UN ITED NETH ERLAN os coofin of .he provlOce. of Ifol_
land, . GroniDgeD, Overylfd. GeI_
derlanrt, with ZUtpl;en and Unceht ~ theCe are bounded
by Ihe G erman the nonh and wetl : by the circJe
oC W dlpholi., on .he e.n; .od by FI,nders. B r.b, n.,
.nd .he duchy of Cleyes, 00 ,he fou.h: ly,og between 3°
'o' and 7° 30' COlO longitude, and bet ween S1o 35 1 and
5:2° ...0 ' nonh lalitude; being about fifty miles long, and
as many breld including the Zuyder.fea, wbich t .. kes
up" confiderable fpace between the{e li.mits.
UNiTY, in poetry. I n the drama there are three onitits
t o be obfer'fed J tJiz. the unily of aétioo, \hat of time,
2nd that of place, In the epie pOCnl, the gre:i\t, and
almotl only unity, is of the adiano SONe regard
indeed ought lO be had tO that of time j th:u oC place
there is 00 room (or. The unity of charaétú is not rcc~
koned among the unities_ 5ee COM po s I T J () ti .
UN IVERSAL , fomethlOg Iha! i. common 'o ,hiog.,
or it is one thing be)onglng to many or alJ things .
UN IVERSE, • colleaive ..me, figoifying Ihe whole
\vorld, or the afI"cmblage of heaven and earth, with all
things therein. See A STItONOMY, and G¡OCRAPHY.
UNI VERSITY, • term, .•pplied ' o .0 .
of fevera) collcges, cClablHhed in a city. wherein are pro~
feITors in [he {evera) Cciences, appointcd to tcu h ~hem to
Hudents, and where degrec$ or cerli6cates of fiudv In che
dlven faculties are taken up.
In each uOlverfity four facultics are u{ualIy taught,
rheology, medicineJ law, and the arts and fciences.
They are called univcrfities, or univetfal fchooIs, by
reafon (he lour faculties are fuppofc:d to uke in , he whole
compAf. 01" f1udy .
Unive , had .heir fir(l rire in Ihe XIJ.h .nd XIlI.h
ccmuries. Tbofe of P aris and Bologna pretend lO oe ,he
fjrn tbat were Cel on root; but d~ey wcre on a dlffercnt
footing from (he uniyerfities aDlong us .
T h. u iverfi,ies of Oxlord and Cambridge feem en.i–
. Ied 'o grealefi antiquityof any in"lhe world; and l:Jaliol
and MC'no~ collt"ges iD Oxrord, and St Pete, 's in Cam–
b"dge, . 11 college. in .he XJlhh «n,ury, nlAy ~e
raid lO be Ihe 6rO reg ... lar endowmcntl of Ihls klDd 10
Eu ,ope.
T he u.nivcrúties of Scotland are four, vi=. thore of Sto
Aodrcw., Abndeeo, Edinburgh, . nd G I.IGow. See E ·
D II'IBURC H. &c.
UNIVO( A L , in tht fchooh., is applied tOlwoormore names,
or term5 rhu havc but one figoification¡ in oppoliuon \O
8 X t equ.vocal,