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n. E F 53' ) n E ~
pan, now much OlOrlCr, iD Ihe fl cp ataio, they calJ it a
rcdcJ top.m21~.
R E EL . ji) Ihe manur",tloriC"S , a machine ferving fo r th: of–
·fil.'e of rc:d inf:. Thcr~ are various klOds oE rt,:els, fome
very fimplc. others Tcry complex .
R E E L TNG , in ,he m?nufit8:01'lt::5. the winding of thread.
Jilk, couon, or (he likc, ioto a (kain, or UP('" a botlom,
10 prevent ilS cOI angling. It is airo uf:!d roC" lhe char–
ging or d,fcharging of bobbi llS or quills, to ufe them in
the nl1nofatlure of diffcrcnt Iluffs , ::15 th read, fi lk, COI·
\(\n. be. R eeli ng is p.:,-rormed dilFúent ways, and on
diffr.:rent cngines .
R EEV ING , in Ihe fca I,"guage, Ihe pOlling .. rape Ihrough
a' block : hence tO puB a rope OUt of a block, is cillled un–
recving.
R E . EXCH i\NGE, in eOOlmeree, a feeond p"yment of Ihe
price of excbange, or ralha the pnce oC a Oe:Wexchange .
due u;>oo a bd i of exchange that comes to be protened
and to be rerundcd the bearer by lhe clrawer or ¡ndorfer.
R E F ECTION, among eecler.,(Iics, • fpare meal or repall,
j url fu¡¡¡ eing for Ihe fuppor! of life : henee Ihe h. 1I io
convenlS , and orher communiti:G. where: (he monks,
nuns. ec. take thctr n:fcélloDS or meals io common. is
e.lled Ihe refe<lory,
R EFERENCE, in wriling, Ó'c, a mark rel..i.. la ane·
ther fimil", one in (he margino or ar the bOllom of the
p;¡ge, where (omething omiue:d in the (eX t is added, and
which is tO be inferte:d eithcr in reading or copying.
R EFIN ING , in general, i, Ihe art of purifying a Ihing ;
inclading nor only the alf"ying or re:fioing of metals, but
likewifc the c1arificatio'A of liquors.
R " I. IN G o{gofd, See CH EMIS TRY , p, 129,
R !r l NING ofJiI()~r. See CHEM f STRY, p. 130.
R EFL ECTION, Ihe returo or regrefTive mallan of amo·
ving body, oeear.oned by fome obllaele whieh hindered
it rrom purCuing iu former direélion .
REr LEC T'ON oí /he rOJl iflighl, See OPT l es,
R ErL ECT J ON is alCo uCeet. ligu ratively, (or ao ope:ration of
the mind; whereby it turns its view back.vards as it were
upon ¡tCelf, and makes itrelf aod its own operation lhe
objeét of iu diCquHition; and by contemplatiag the mano
Der, order, and laws which it obferves io pe:rcelving idea.s.
comparing them tagether. reafoning, 6(. i[ frames new
ideas or the rdatlons diCcove:red [hereie. See L OG J e.
and ME T APl-IYSICS.
R EFLUX oí rh, yo, Ihe ebbing of Ihe water, or i.. re·
turning from lhe (hore. See A STR ONOi'IY, p. 473.
R EFORMATION , Ihe aa of reforming or eorrea,ng an
error or abule in relig;on, diCcipb ne, or the like.
T hc R eformadon. fo ca1Jed by wa.y or rmio!:nce, is the
fep"ration of the Prmdt"ms (rom the church of Rome.
in the bcginning and towuds lhe middle of lhe flxteen lh
century.
R EFRACT ION, in general, is Ihe devi..ion of a moving
budy from ils dircél: courfe. occ"fi~/ned by Ihe dltlere:nt
denfity of rhe mtdium It mo"cs in ~ or, il is a ehange of
dIreaion, oe..r.ond by a botly's ing oblIquely OUI of
one medium ioto anotla"r of a diff(f~n{ denfity_ See
')PTI C S.
R l:.FRA GlBlLlTY 'o/ /~ehr, Ihe difpor.lion of " ys la
he refr;dled. Sl"e OrTICS
R EfRI(; r':RATI V E , in modieine, a rem<dy whicJl re·
QL, I11. o 'JI. ~
frdltes the inwarJ pans, hy <:ooJing tllcm, as ci ) :1CH.
ptlfaos, 6 c.
R I, FR1 CERi\T OR Y, in eheOliO ry, • v<lr"1 "Ud \'Ji'lo
cold water, lhrough which chr wonn p"frcs 1/1 d'I:-lii ¡–
tlons ; ,he ure 0 1" which is, lO coodc:nft: the V.dpUUIS .tS
they p~fs through the \Vorm .
R EFU CE, a f. né",uy or ', fylum,
R J:: FUGEES, F rench Pr oteHanc<:: : who, by Ihe rc\,oc"l i,..r
of the editl. or N l., have becn conllraineo to l1y ¡rolU
perCc:c ulion, and lake rcfu~e in fo.eign {"oI10u icl.
R EGAL or R O YAL , fome,hing belonglng te 4l kln~.
REG i\.LE, a magnificcnt entcrtaioment or trCal g:ven ro
ambaif ..dors, and olhr r perlon3 or ddhoélloo, lU enlcr–
laio or do thcm honou r.
JI is urual, io Italy, at the arrival or a travdler or emi–
nence, tO {end him a reg.,le. that is a prefenl oí [",cee–
meats, froil, 6e. by way of refreJh'11cnt.
R EGALB. in lhe ¡''rench j urifprudence, is a ruyal preroga–
tive, which confills io enj.,ying lhe rC:\fcnues of hilh,IPf ics
dunng lhe "faC4lncy of thelr Ite~, of t(.¡ bc:.nc·
Gces , 4lod of obliging Ihe DCW birhop 10 uke ao oath of
6dd uy, and (O regiUer it 10 the chdmber of accounlS.
T he enjoyment or the (ruits of Ihe Cer i3 c"Jled th~ lem–
poral reg;:;¡le; and that of p'refenung to lhe le", the fpi–
ritual regale.
R EGALl A, in la\V, Ihe righ" and prerogati..s of a king;
which, accoroing to cl vdians, are fix : v;z t The power
of judicalure : 2 . T he power cf life aod death: 3. T ,:e
power of peace and WH: 4- A right to ruch Roads ¡a.:)
have no owner, as waifs , ellrays, 6 (. ) . Arrelrm~nts :
and, 6. T he coinage of money.
R egalía is alCo ufed for Ihe apparatus of a coronation ,
as the crown, Ihe rceptre with Ihe crofs, thía with {he
dove, SI. Edwatd's {hfF. the globe, and lhe o.b wl~h
the cro(s, four Ce"eral rwords, be.
RE G ALIA , ir. Scon J,.w. See LA\V, Tic xiii. 3.
L,rd~f REc "' L ITY . inScou law. See L Aw, T ic. ir'. 4'
R EGARDANT, in heraldry, fignifies looking b, h'r.d; an.1
i5 uCed for a Jion, or oeher bcaCl, with his tice: turned lO·
wards his (ad.
R EGARDER, an ancienl ollieer oflbe kiog's forell, (wom
to make the regard of the (oreU evrry year ; Ihac is. lO
take a view of its limits, tO ¡nquire lotO all off.:oet s and
defaults committed by Ihe fordlers withm che: fordl, and
10 obferve whethtr aH lhe other omcers executed thcir
reCpeélive dutles.
R EGEL, or R IGEL, a fixed llar of Ihe fi rfl m.gnilude,
in Orion's Id, fOOL
RECE ' ERATION, in Iheology, Ihe aél of b<in¡: bo'n
agajn by a fpiri tu::'" birth, or the change of he,u~ ¡,mI hil!
experienced by a per{on who forCab:s a courre oE n ...e:,
and fincerel)' embraces alife of vlnue and pic:ty .
R EGE!' T, one who gove:rns a kingdom dunog the mir.o·
"'y or ,bfenee of Ihe king.
In fraocc, the queen. molher has the rC'J!r"ney of Ih :
kin;!dom during lhe minority of the krng, undc:r the tille
of 'lucen. regeoto .
R EC E S T alto figni6es a profdrur of art, and fC1~nccs In "
colle:p,e, who has a {et or under his care : but ht're
rq;ent is gener "Iy re(lrainrd tO ,he lo"'er clafrc:~. as h.-·
grol or rhc:toric, r('cent ol logic, . c. thofe: of f h.lohll'hy
are " ..her e. lleJ prof,O'or3 .
6$ t RI:G IC'I [)!! ,