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33-1- M u s
T ite Lt.:l cX~:ll?ll! th~reforc. and what lIath beco raid
oí (he ( \'lO s in plilin J erc:mt , is m.:.\ot as an ¡ntrodue–
tion (O ti. trial of d~c i:trne ¡ti the more rerfett~ or ligu–
r .He: dc;:(c¡¡ot. both in lh~ compo:ition :lOa performance.
CHAP o Ur. O, FlGU RATE DESCANT.
FI GUR ;\ TE dc:rc is lhe mixture of diCcord ami con·
cardo by n0('!S o( lhe f:aac o: dtlF...:rcnt lengths or time,
in lhe: Cc:veral p:1 rts.
E ~ery in tcrvJl in muh..:k wHich i.s nOl harmony, mua
be d,(corJ .
T he dtlcord::> thcrcfore are (ix: n;trnely, Ih:: lefferand
greatcr 2d; lhe fh .lrp 4th, or AH 5t h j lhe ld fer and
8re.Her 7th; and (he 9th. T hc rcaf<.ln for repc;uing
the 9th, \Vhi,h is lhe 8 th to lhe 2d, flldll be fh'!wl1 in its
The ufc of difcord i. t\Vofold : T o Cive a b"ter air
to en ry pan oC the muriLk; and t.o crcate ..aricty.
l,'or the dlCcorJs (~ing in lhe natural order of the
r.otes. bel\Veen the concords. an cafy paffage of
, he r.IOle ; and, at lhe fame lime, mix with, and bind
t he hannony.
D iCcorels are lntroduced in compofition (e"er:al ways .
F irn , Whcn lhe notes paOing in, t he natural orJer,
t\Vo. lhre~, or more of one part are (el againn one of a·
nother parto T his p,Cfage of the notes is f..iJ to be by
d .minu:ioo i as in toe following c:xample.
Eumple of dilcords io p, by c1iminution. No. 69.
Vlhw the treble J efct nJ" the difcords d<fcend like·
wi re iOlO lhe concords ; that is, the 9ths p.1fs ioto Slhs,
, he 7th, into 6th" and fo fonh . The fame thioS happen.
w hen the baCs afccods .
\ Vhcn the treble .fcenels, or the defcends, the
contrary happens; that ¡s, the ?ds pafs ioto 3ds, anu Ihe
7lhs iOlo 81hs , or lhe d lCcords inlo concords, accordiog
to lhe r.atural numbers .
\Vhen a fin gle di fcordam note is fet, the change of that
note ioto a concord is properly called the paCfJge of the
dilcord.
W hen the accompanimcnts are Cct along with the diC·
cordant note! i th:'H ¡s, when lhe whole diCcClrd , cilher in
cor.l po!'ition of mlny pans. or in fi gures iD lhe ba!s, is
cxprt·Oed. the chnnge of lhe fame ioto a concord ¡s jun·
Jy c.Jlieó lhe tcfúlmioo of lhe difcord. The pafftl:ge of
lh~ di(cord jo ringle nOles mO'Jing aceording to (he nalur31
order, as in tht: lal\- t:xdmrle, is evidenl .
T he.accomp;mi!l1:nts and rerolution of the whole diC.
cord ot:pcnd 00 cc.:rtaÍn princi¡¡lcs; on which \Ve n1all, in its
pl.tce, d~mon the fame.
TI) th:::n, 00 ringle ,JifcorJ s.
l~ne f:.:cond way in whir.:h diC..:ords are urt:d io compori.
tion \S, \Vh!!n lhe nott:s of pa n move altc.:rnJtdy, a
long nOle bet wct:n t wo {hurl ones, Ca lhat lhe nOle of
OOt: pMl lHcaks off o1lld cnds in lht! middlc of the note.: or
t he od u: r pdrt . rnus is c.... lled (ynC"ol';'.lioo or binding ;
f r the rrequc:nt of d lc dilcord hcre fl!ppOnS and
t he harmony ;
r\-. 111 l!Jis t"x:\m plc. N o. 70 .
1n thi .. O1;.onCl thr: air or eit!lcr In rt is It:rs conflrAincrl,
by lhe e,u,1f .Ill rnurll uf tilo.: dd··(Jrd, and r :tlJ:lge ioto lhe
concord . In !omz f'ldCt s lhís h"ppzns by lh...: n~lural (uc.
1 e K.
cd Tion of lile notes hy (liminution, as iD the 6,n c~·
amplc, thuugh oot ro frequco d y ~s in rhe Jan manner
by Cyncop'\llun . But lherc is 3: pa(f..tg= of ':le difco rJ in–
tO tbe concord , flJrOlt.::d by the notes movíng by grelter
in .
1.·his murir..kis preCcrable 00 account of the gre;..t var': ...
ty produccd by th is unexpe\.'1-c.:d, anJ, we may f;ty, fur–
priring mixtu re orthe d ifcord and harmon,.. For varieey
i[(elf cauCes ncw pleaCurc, when it is leal1: cxpcéltd, o.c
\Vhcn auend eu by oovehy.
'rlJis moviog of Ihe notes by greatrr inrerl'aJs, is the
thírd way af introducing diCcard; and is the e{fea of
the difcords and coneords eonfhntly meeting by contrary
m otion of lhe pans.
In this manoce {he variety ariCes from the pafT.Jge inro
concords, d ifTerent from thoCe which muO l"uccecd, el–
ther in the nattJral order of the notes, oc by fyocop:uion.
The variety al[o IS greater by the confhot [aceclnon of
d¡Ccord and harmany almol1 through every nOte.
For h:-re the compo[er is at Jiberty tO pafs into any
coneord he plcafes; and t o refume any dircord. For
as the p;¡fTage ioto rhe perfcét concords, between two
pan s, cannet be effeéted. but from the nearen difcord.
when the notes mave in the natural order ; fa, wheo
rhe nOtes move by greater interva ls, there is opportunity
for paCfages, which could oot uke place in aDy o~
t hcr way.
AII Ihi. will be eviJent, wheo we come 10 unJerfland
<he refolutioo of the difcord, .
Example of , he more pcrfe~ mixture of difeord and
harmony. No. 71.
lo this example are fet forrh the two firfl of u–
fing diCcords; oamely, by diminution and fyncopation,
as well as palling by gre3rer intervals; being (et accold–
ing to the rules relui ve tO eaeh manoer. Where the
di(cord aod harOlony move by greater intervals, there (he
paCface i. from difcords new and uopraétifed in the other
two.
'rhe co":,porition. where this libaty is t.1ken, doel
mofl juflJy chaJleDgc the name of ornamental or figurate
defeaoL
A nd rhe muriek, wherein lhe diCco:-d is uCed tht re threfo.
fcver;¡l ways in thei r t urn, muO: be efieemed ¡he bert,
as ex.hibíting gre2ter variet y than could b: exprdfc:d the
olher ways only. L ct it be remarkeJ iD this place.
that this oew paCf.lce of the difeord is elfd led by both
parts gcnerally l110ving by a Cemi[Qne; the power of
which will be reeeo \\Ihen we nlalJ ha\'e der.lonflratl:d
t he accompaniments and re Colutions of lhe whole J lf\·urd.
T he re is a founh WAy whercio diCcords a re admitteJ
in compori tion. This is whcn (]¡[cords f~c(""c~d earh o·
ther; or, where lhere is no r a(fttge into a concorJ .
T his ji r~tting diCcords nOle ag:l1ntl note . It i$ t.l be
done t wo ways . Flrfl. wh:, n the J ¡(corJ s inllJ C'r,c
of anolha denomin.Jtion, in toe n.t rura) orJ~ r oft h\.' no ;<."s,
by cOnl pd. (f.Jge of lhe nOl es of C:J(h f lrt , of th:
l"ame or n~arly cqu.d 'luA:l lit y.
1~his ¡",rrlge of ,he chfcord is nl'C ( ' , 3~ \Ve car.not
arcend or ,k C..:rnd bv lhe dt'r.n·c.:s or a ~re.H int: n ',:d; !'~Ir.
the itllt:rlll~Jiat (· dl(,,;olds wdJ t d..~ 1'I.l¡;'~, 3!lJ th.:r...:.: vlt–
timt:s 1\Yo will fuc( ced CJch oth.:r.