366 / 868
M
u
s
and
(ou n1i.
And,
wh~n
thc,fe parts
3re
not thus
d011
4
l.lld ,
Ih~
thi;J and
f.Hlrlh p.lrlS reno
Or otht:rw¡(I;.', in
(ome:
p:¡fr
ges they take ' p:trt of the h;¡rmony from lhe
otller
p,,'
1St <loS
in
tIlC
cx:un¡,llS
<l.uove
o(
7
ami
8
pans ;
l
'XcclHing ooly in tonga nOtes th::tn the upper
pan s.
Tlit'
cencenos of
Corrlh,
G Cn.liniani ,
ano
lhe
ovenurtS
of Handcl, are
innanct..s
of
IhIS.
In a word ,
wha~ever
form ü:e
pans
of nlu(¡ck may be
d¡:-pofed
iD.
lhe:
prtnciples o(
h ~rmony
are
lhe
lame:.
Anu when lhe rull 5 of compt1fition in ccuntapaint,
which is lhe $!rouod· work,
~re
wcll undedloorl, aod coo–
firmed
by
praélice. the rem:lining
pan -
\Viii
bt'col1le
eafy
in. proponían as lhe
competer
\ViII
find
him{elr
rnore al
I.~ll.!rt )'
to c1ifpofe o( lhe p41rts lO
(uch
ad\'an!3l!e as
h~
",d i
j ~lrl~e
mo(l ftlinLle
to the:
genius
of
the
mufick
he is
¡abOlll to compofe.
CIIAP. I1.
O.
PLAI N DESCANT,
T HE
fecond rn1nner of cornpofing
is
when
the
(llcceffion
or
concoreis
is
by
not~s
o( diftc.rent kngths in the (ever".!
p~rls .
h
differs from
counterpoint,
nut in (he
principies
of
humo.ny,
but only
in
{he
(orm.
The
efl~ét
of
dc(
cJ.ntis v.Hit"ty; which
is
prad llced ,
cither whcn
t \\fO
or
more:
notes af
one pan are
I~t
.lgaintt
one
note
in
another,
ar
when
a
long
pa!
Td.ge10 hile
pJrt
is (et
againll
a
~ngle
nOte in
the
olher.
T hlS
bH
nHnner
is properly c.llcd ddcan,ing on
lila'
nOIe.
Or Idll ly,
'Vhen a rubjt:tl
i5
rel in [he bafs, and conU.lntly lt:pcateo;
while at c\'ery repetition
of
lhe:
fa mc:.
thcre is
a
v¡,¡riatlon
in the treble, which
divc:r6fies
the
hal
mony, but
dOlh
DOl deviare from lhe rules of an.
This
bafs.
which
is the firfi written part, is
caJled
a
ground bars ; and ,he piecc of muGck i, c. llcd a ground .
Agílin,
in
derc J.nting,
it
is
u(ual
for the
píl ns
to
relieve
each
olher;
the
bars
fome times
holding
the
note,
whilc
lhe
dt:fc;\n[
is
in
the treble ;
anJ agtl in.
the note
is held
in 1he
trabl~,
while lhe
detcaDI
is in lhe b,tCs,
The
fineft
deCcant is where lhe cJiecorcJs are iotroduced
in lhe
r atrage
of the notes. For herc the ai r is It:rs can–
Jlr~i ntd
j
and Ihe
valiety, in
reereé!
of the harmony.
greatcr. This is figurate defc.int, which {hall be
trc'¡lcd
of in Ihe nr:xt cha pler.
T o relero to plaio
defc~nt :
T he mo\'ement of every
pan
is í.'Iorc free Ihan in counterpoint;
aoo
not fo c,dy
aod
unconnrtlio~d
as in
hguríl.tedc:fcétnt.
Ffom
this
Ihtll
ariCe
its
chi~
f
urc::;.
In
Ihe
firH
pJ.tce, il is
the
bcfi
introdl1aion
10 lhe
pr1élitioner. to
t ;"C 30
ai r
tu
cvery
pan
of IJI! Olufi ck:
1: is ;jl fo
Ihe
gro'Jnc.J-wolk of Ir,ycnting
v.Hiations in thc
freble
upon
;t
pld.in{uhjrél
in lhlo! f.ime
pUL
The
rules
far plaio dlfclOl are thc:fe.
Evny
note In Ihe d..:fcam mufi be one of Ihe harrnony
(lf
c3ch
note in the
bar!
j
as dcmontlr ated in
cOlnpofitioD
in
.counter pcinr .
Secondl y,
Ir
the
dt{clnt
'..>e variation
00
a giveo
{ub–
jeu,
in Ihe
Ifeblp.,
di:
oriUl nal ai r
muH he
prcfl.r\'ed
as
m uch as
pc,.l!i:'lc
in
illlitat um
of
Ihe
f<4 me.
'f'hf" h.ullwny
tlll~::n bl'in~
rhe
fame
.I~
in
counter point,
the
dirFcrlnct:
belng cnly in the furm or knglh of the
1101tS, Orle tx;tmplc.,
afH:r fa ffid.C)I'
~i vt:n
in toumer·
e
K.
333
point bcrorc,
will be
fuíncien t
to HIuflrat::
this
p"n.
No. 67.
\V II,ltever lhe
fu t>jt! ...
q of
d~rC:lOt O1~y
hr.,
',"Jhcthcr
;¡
ground bafs, Or alr in Ihe treLle,
(rJ.~
el,
r~.lnt
un
\VIii. h
IS C.iJll cJ
v¿(lauoos.) the pratlicc
is
lhe
1.101 ': ;
:\$
ir,
lile
exampJt:.
\Vh~re
the
bals
15
the
~rol1nd
10
lhe (cu, trebk:s.
the lIpper010tl line
or
wlllch
m,lY hé
l::J llco
lhe
al r
j
alld
the Otha
thret: dercant
on
lh.:
bd.fs;as wdl :\s v.l1 i,uions
on the
fubjt"ét,
ur
firU
line.
Fur .the: more eaey cx('cütioo of
l.Jo.h kind.:;, t,lkc
thde
folJowing rules of
prcdlicc.
.lf
you
are
10
radc dt fC2nt on a Rrounrl bars. then 0:'1
tl11s
h~ppofitJ(Jn
lhlo!
l>d~S
is
fillt
fr,¡med.
N::xt
Jet
pb,in
OOles
10
lhe treble
be
let,
as
in
the
ex,unple:,
{!lough roo
other
ufe
wert:
to
be O1.tde of
theOl duo
to
gUlde
lhe
c001pof~r'5 ~yl',
and thereby fu rnifl! maller
more readlly
for
a
better air and for
t~e
dc{cdn t.
If the
fubj eft
be
~n
air
in
lhe treble,
00
which
you are
to
make
varialions ; as,
in
tllls
care,
Ihe
air
¡, lhe tidl:
pan
writlco,
{o il
is
lhe
ubjt:ét
on the book to
\VllIcn
you
are
to auelld
conUandy as
il
pauero for the YilriJtions
or defcant.
¡,
would be advir.ble .Ifo
t O
fel
a pl. in b,fs ' o ,he
treble or plain (ong. befo re you
beRin
lhe
varintions.
For,
a~
Ihe
bafs, or feeond nut(',
in
m:tny e.t(es
deter..
mines the: coocold of Ihe
nOle
j
tt
thercby ..
ffi: ls
and
rules
tbe
de(cd.llt to
be:
n l(t o .
In
ce:nerJI.
wheo
the
t \VO
pan s
are
fet
io plain harmo ..
ny,
lhe
derc.J.n t
ought
tO imititle,
and
nOI dC:pcH t frol11
tha t derign.
If
othenvlle
a ddcord
be
introuucc:d
io the
compo(iuon of the two pl.tin
pUIS. or A
dir~oraoint
Dote
be
broup,IH
in in lhe treble
or
ai r, lhe
dclcant mun
~ilke
p'lfl of Ihe dt(cord,
This properly belongs
'o
Ggun,e derc. nt. NOl\.i,h–
fl andillC,
it
is
ao elel,!Jn.:e conllnon
in plaét".:e,
10
throw in
a dlfcorJJnt note
10 lile
\'ariatitJn, which
is
r.Otin
tbe
pl<l in tont:,
.kilI lhcre
rules
are
addrelrcd only
to
be.p,inners.
H
Ivinn done
with
plaln defcí\nt
we
01AII
hcre
Cive an
cM ",?le
01 wh.. h.l!l
b«n of'cred
(p. 332.
col. , .) re–
J.uil1~
10
lhe
manfu:r
in
which we would
h ilVC:
the
twO
b¿fr.::; (et in cUOlpofition o(
m.myp,lru
j
which is,
Tbat
t lle
p:i ll
101' lhe:
ol ~all
fh ould
mo,'e: !n
IODe 00 1(:5,
"nd
by
the
1.. ....
11
intcrv:lls ;
the
tigur(,3
tilling
up
lhe h,lIl1lony ttnd
dlCcOtd;
w:-td.: :he
p.utlor
rhe
vlOloncc:l lo. movlng
by
'luicker
not\'s, and
t;lcale rinr~f\'aJ¡,
Lccomes
ddctlm
lO
lhe
olhl
r
ba!",.
Tht:
m,lnn: r uf
fellin ~
the
IVlO
b:lf1:::
rl:pet~dinfl
011
the
principlls
of
pl.uodc..ll
;UH.
ar.u
Ifltfl }in:.:
OOtlllllg
more
th ,ln
whJt
i5
conr:Jiol.'d
in
t~
..
IIH
ex
tmll!c,
One lII!tance
01 tllIS
\Vdl hlf:ic,cmly ..of, ..
cr our
1111<.1111011
hc:rC!.
E XdOlf- le
uf
t .,\O
l!Jf!~s
in cOlnpolitlt... n ui" r,l,lny pUl:;.
No. 68.
'r ile
v ITi"t:,
\'.'ill
bc
ni ll
gre:n t r if
\:1;:;
m;¡ or¡er he pll r–
fut"tl
111 li,!u r,ItC
dc: fcanl. For .tS
~nd
ul.;tc:dl)
Ih:l:
is Ihe
hefl ar¡J m" fl
rcde~t
cn"'t)Q(itton
wht'rc dtll-ord
IS
intn–
mlxt'ci
j
ti,
Ihl're
i,
no V<ln l'IY,
wlllc:,
In
lfi ck is c.I'lAble
or, r ru:!u..:ed
fl Or.l
the fMm
('Ir
dd puli' lllll
1,)(
dI(:
1~
..
n Se
th..l l
will :lOt n.:..::iv: lll\ ,fo v..:m: nt f:u'!1 lIu.:
mOl e
pcrfc,~t
com~tliiuon.
T he