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M O N
MO K, • perron \Vho wholly de¿:cltts hi",relr 'o ,he
{e l\ Ice of religion, in fome mona(lery, undcr lhe: dl·
HalOn of (ome Uatutcs :1nd ru!es.
Tho moft proh.hle .eeoun' or ,he origioal or ,he
¡s, ,hat in the Decian pcrflcurion, in ,he: middlc
of ,he I lId «n,ury, maoy p"r~ns in Eg)'p' , 'o .vo,d
the fury o( lhe (lorm, . ,Inl lO lhe neighbouring dt(:HU
Rnd mouolains, where they nOl only fauno a rafe re–
IrCH. bUI alCo more (ime and li~ert.y la excreife thcm–
fc:h'cs in aéls of piely anJ divine contemplations; which
{on of Jife bec:¡me lo ~grc(':\l.Jlc, thal when (he per(ccu–
tion was Qvcr, they refufed 10 returo 10 thc:ir habitation~
ag¡in, chufing nthcr 10 conl inue in thore cottages And
c~lls, which tht'Y had m::ade fOI thcmrelves in lhe \Vil–
dunc(s. From ,hal time (O Ihe rcign of Connantine,
monachi(jn was con(jned to the hermits or an.lchorcu.
who li,-td in pri\'2tc cclls in lhe wildcrnefs; bU l when
Pachomius had crtaed monafieries, other cauntries prc–
r,ntl)' rollo\\'eu ,h. example.
fI!O KEY, in zoology. See S 1>11 • •
MONMOUTH , ,he capital or I\lon",ou, h fh ire, fi fua–
ted 00 the rinr \Vye, twcnty-live miles nanh of
Brillól.
MO, OCHORD , • r:1~fic.1 inllrumen' , eompofed orone
finog, ured lo try lhe varicty and proportionoffaunds.
fil O OCULUS. 'n zoology, • geous of ,he order or
'pten. T he re.. are fi",d ror f .:Iimmiog ; ,he body
is covered Wilh a cra(laceous Od n; and lhe eyes are
ver y "ear olher_ T here are nine fpecies.
MONODON • in ieh,hyolngy, • 2eous or 6fhes beloog.
ing ' o lhe ord" or bete. It has a long wre2thed ,oo,h
in the upper jaw, which perforat es the upper-lip, and
has the appea[ance of a horo; from lhis circumOance
i, hos go, ,he o. me or ,he unieom ·fifh. T his 6fh i.
or ,he kind, aod or,eo grow. ' o 25 re.. in
lcog,h, ,hough ,he general fize i, rro", ,6 ' o 20.
MONOD Y, in aoeien, poelry, a mourorul kiod or
roog, fuog by a perfon all alone, ' o give venl lo hi.
g,ier.
MONUECL\ , in botaoy. See BOTANY . p. 635.
MO, OGA IY, ,he lIate or eondi,ioo or ,hofe who
hlve only beca ooce mar¡ ied, aod are rdfrained to a
fiogle ",ire.
MONOG RA 1. a eh..aéter or eypher, eompored or ooe,
two. or mor~ letlcrs. interwoven ; being a kind of ah·
breviarion of a name, ancieotly uC; d as a feal, badge,
arms, (:;c _
MONOLOGUE, in poelr)', a drama,;e feene, in whieh
a petron appears alone 011 the fiage, and (peaks tO
10. O [OT O PA . • eouolr)' or'Arrie> , bouoded by
loncmugi on ,he nonh, and by Ca,fraria 00 ,he can,
foulh. Ami Wtrl.
1\10 ' OPET A LOUS, in bonny, • term 'pplied 'o
flow~rs lhat havc only one petal, or flo\Ver-lt:af.
:O;o.¡OPOLI, a ,n'vn io .he kingdom or . ple., fim–
><.d on ,he gulph or V<oiee: E loog. , S·, and
litt . olla ~'_
10, OPOL Y. nne or mort 'perfons m:lkiog Ihemfelves
Ihe fol man, rs of th~ ", hule t f a commoJilY. manu
JJ' urc. nd Ihe lIL.e, in order (O make PO\' tc ¡¡¡d–
Vo. lll. N·. 80.
M O N
vant:lge of ¡t, by fclli ng it again at a fer'j adv.tnccd
price.
MONOPYR EN l':OUS, in botany, fueh rrui, as eon,ain.
only one (ecd, or kernel.
MONOSTICH , ' 0 epi2r.m ,h.. eonfills or on ly one
tingle \·crfe .
M O OSYL LABLE, in grammar, a word .ha< eonfi/t.
or only one rylldble, aod os eompored of ei,her one or
more lellcrs pronounccd at the lame lime.
MO, OTO Y, an unirormi,y 01' found, or a raul, in
pronunciation. when a long fe ries of \Vords are dcli–
"cred in one uovaried tooe_
MONOTROPA, io botany, a geou, or ,he declnd ri.
rnonogynia c1afs. le h 3S no caltx ; the petal, ;¡¡re ten;
tlnd ir ha, hve caprules. T here are t\Vo fpeeies, one
of whieh. viz . lhe hypopilhys, or bird's neH fmdling
like the! roon of'the primrofe, ·is a nalire of Hritain_
MONS, lhe capital of lhe piovince of J r",i nalt, in lhe
A uflrian Netherlanus : li tuaeed (wenty -fix miles fOUlh·
\Vell or Brulfe!s: eall long. 3° 33 , and fou,h 1 ...
50° 3'1'·
MON IEClR, • ,itle or eivili,y ufed by ,he Freneh, in
fpeaking to, or of thei r equaJs, or thofe lhat are but
a Jiule bcJow thcm, (YDanimous with S 1 k iD Eng.
li01.
MONSOON, in phyfiology, a fpeeies or trade ,vind, in
lhe E.(J· [ndies, whieh ror fix -mon,h. blow. eoo/tao,–
Iy the rame W'il.y, and [he cootrary way the other
fix mon,h,. See P NEUMAT ' CS, 0íWind,.
MONSTER , in gene"I, deno,e••oy prouuéticn ,hat
deviatcs from lhe fpecic, to which ie beloogs, whcthcr
with re(pell eo lhe number or difpofitioo of its partS: ;
io which (core, a man Wilh l'ix fingers 0 0 cach hand,
or (ix toes on eaeh foor, is a monHer. But the term
monller (eeon. 'o be ehieOy applied 'o fueh produe.
tioos as deviate very much from lhe ordinaey courfe of
nature.
MONT E SANC TO, or MouNT·AT lfo. , • mouotain of
European Turky. io ,he provioee or Maeedoo : E.
long. 230. and N . laL 40° ,,'.
lt is C.llled M..nre S. o(lo, or Holy Mouotain, rrom
twenty two mon111eries liwated upon ir, in which
:\re four thouraod moñk, or fria rs, who never fu crer-a
\Vonuo ro come wilhiD (jght of their convento
MONTFERRAT, • duehy in ltaly. bouoded by ,he
lordfh,p or Vereeil on ,he ooroh, by ,he Alex.,orin
00 th! c.. n, by the ttrritory af Geooa 00 the (oulh ,
and b)' .he eoun,y or Alli on ,he well.
MONTFORT, ,he e.pital or ,he eouof'y of Mon,rort,
in che circle o( S U'abil , in Germiloy: E, long. 9° 40'.
and N lat. HO <s'.
MO, TGO IERY, ,he elpi,.lor ~loo'gomeryfhire, in
\ V.tles, (jru:ued oc lhe rh,tr Severo, twenty rotles foulh–
weU or Shrew(bury.
MO, TH, ,he ",<lfth 'par< of ayear. See AHRo -
NO~1 Y ,
[ONTIA, in bo!any, a genus of lhe triand riJ trisyoia
clar,. T he e Iox eonfills of ooe lear. aod ,he corolla .
or ooe irr<gul.. petal: aod ,he caprule has ooe aH
. nd duce vlJves. T here ¡s bUI one fp C'eics. tti=.
lhe (entan~, or water chickweed, a f1:l ti\·( or BritAin_
t 3 Y MO, TIFRINGILL.\ ,