1000000031

M E R

173 )

M 1: S

lIlERCHANT, a perfon ",ho buys ann Ctlls comm01ities

grors, or deals in

excha.ngl,;~;

or that

ffi .s in the

\'Id )'

commerce, eilher

imponatíon

exportadon.

Sec

C O M/'IlFRCE .

M ERCURI AL, Comething cODr.aing of or relaliog 10

mercury.

lIlE RCURI ALIS, in bOlany, a genus of the dioeei.

enneandria

e1.fs

. The ealiK of bOlh male and female

conlil1:s of three

regments;

netther of

them

havc any

corollcl

the (1.lOlIna are

froOl

n¡ne

twelve ;

lhe

í\0-

thera:

al e

globular and didymous

lhe

femate

has t\Yo

lIyli; and the e. pfule has I\VO eells, . od one f..d in

cacho There are

fouT

fpecies,

t\Yo of

[hem nati\'ts

Dritain.

vi=.

[he perennis, or dogs mercury; and lhe

annua, or FreDch mercury.

MER CURY, in Dalural hiaory. SeeCHEMI STRY, p.

85 '

aod ' 37.

!VIERCURY

in a(lronom)'. Sce

ASTRO NOMY,

436 .

M ERClIRY,

in beraldry, a term

ured,

in blazoning

planets, for che purple colour in tbe arms of {overeign

princes.

MERCY· SEAT, in J ewilh aDtiquilY. See PROPITIA–

TORY .

M ERG US, id ornithology, a genus of birds, of Ihe or–

der of Ihe aoferes, dif!inguilhed by haviog Ihe beak of

eylindrieal figure, and hooked at the extremity, and

Íts dentieulations of

{ubulated formo There are

fix

rpecies oCthis genus...

viz.

l .

The

eueullatus, orerefled

diver of

Cal~lby,

.has a globular eref!, white 00 eaeh fide;

and Ihe hody is hrown ahove, and whilc below.

is a

nau\'e of Ameriea.

See PI.

10. 2,

T he merCanger,

has a longitudinal eren {omewhat en·B, a white brean,

and a blaek head .

is a oalive ofEurope. 3. The fer·

ntor, has

hangmg eren, a variegated urowniOl hrea(t,

aod a while collar

is a bird of Europe. 4. The

caCler has

creUed afh·eoloured

head, ,. white

throat,

aod a black bill and leg'. 11 iohabitS Ihe foulh of

Europe. 5. T lle albellus, has a h. oging eren, a blaek

head and baek, aod while below.

is a bild of Eu–

rape. 6,

'The

minutus, has a (mooth gray head, with

a blaek fpot near Ihe eyes. II is a o.live of E urope.

MERlDI AN. See GEOGRAP HY, aod AS TRO NO ", Y.

MERIONETHSHIRE. a eotlnly of nonh Wales, bOllnd–

ed by Caeroarvoo aod D eobighlhire on Ihe oonh, by

MOOlgomeryOüre

0 0

the Couth eatt, aod by Ihe IriOI fea

on the wen.

MERIT, figoifies nefert. T his term is more parlicular–

Iy uféd 10 lignify the mor.1 goodnefs. of the aétions

of meo, and the rcwards

which chofe aétioos ¡ntide

thern.

lIlERLlN, io ornilhology. Sto F ALCO .

MERLON, in fortification, is Ihal pan of a parapet

which is terminated

tWO

emhrafures of a banery.

MERNS, a eouol y of Seotland, bounded by Mdr on the

north,

the

Gcrnl~o

ocean on the ean,

Angus on

Ihe roulh,_and by Gowry 00 Ihe well.

IIIEROPS , in ornilllology, a genu, bcloogiog to Ihe or o

der of pica:. The bdl is erooked, flat, aod earioaled;

lhe wnglle is

j:¡~sed

at lhe poine; and the fcel are of

the wal.klog klQd . Ther..fiK [pecies,

viz,

The a-

VO L.!il. Ntlmb. 76.

pi.all er, or bee·eater, has an iron-co!our('d back; t1<o

belly aod lail are of a blllith green; 2nd Ihe Ih roal is

yeJlow.

i"habils Ihe foulh

01'

hurope. 2. T h"

viridis, or Indian bee·eater, is green, with a black belt

on the breaH; fiod lhe thro:lt and tail are black. 3.

T he eongener

i!l

ytllowl{h, with a green rllmp.

in–

habits the

fUUlh

of Europe

I} .

'file

fnperediofus, ís

grecn, \Vith a white line bo:h above

aLd

below

lhe

ey!~,

aod a yello\V Ihroa!. 11 is louod in M adagafear. 5:

The cinereus, is variegated wuh reo aod yc:JiOY/, Wilh

the !\vo loogea quill ·feathers of the lail red.

a native of Amerie". 6. T he carer is grey, wlth a

a very long

ta\1.

1I is a oacive of

.~l hiopia .

ME R SE, a counly of Srodand, boundt d by L Olhi. n on

the north,

lhe

Germ,lO oee

0 0 file

eaH}

Nor–

thumbetl. od anJ T i. ioldale on Ihe fouth, aod by

weedd.le

00 Ihe w, f!

111 ERU L A, in 01nilhology. See Tu . DU ' .

MESEEN, Ibe eapilal of a proyinee el Ihe fame

o.me

Ruffia :

it is a pon 'lowo,

fit~au:d

on the coaCl of

Ihe ' Nhile fea, on hundred aod 6ftYmiles nonh eaa of

A rchangel.

MESEMBRYANTHEMUM, in bOlany, a geous of

the icoCandria penta.gynia clars. The CJIIX confins of

fi ve regmeotS, and lhe coroll.! of oumerous linear pe–

tal,; and Ihe e. pfule is fleOly below Ihe Bower, and

eontains many (reds. There are

rpecies, none 'of

them natives of Britaio.

MESENTERY, in aoatomy. See ANATO"Y , p. 262.

MESNE, in law, fignifies him \Vho is lord of a lUiloor,

and ",ho halh leo. ols holding of him, yel himfelf hold–

iog or a fup rior lord .

M ESOCOLON, in an. tomy. See ANATOM Y, p. 260.

M ESOL OG ARITHMS , aeeordiog tO Kepler, are the

Iogarithms of Ihe eo·(jees and eo-tangents, the former

of whieh were called by lord N apier aOlilogalilhms,

;¡nd the lauer differentials .

MESOPOTAMIA, Ihe andenl name of D iarbeek. Seo

DIA RBE CK.

MESOPTE RYGJUS. io iehlhyoloCY, a term applied

fueh filhes as have ooly ooe baek·fin, and Ihal

r.IU

–

ated io th. middlo of .he baek.

M ES'PILUS, io botao y, a genu, or Ibe ieoCandria peo–

t;¡gynia

d ars.

T he

calix confiOs

of,fi\lc Ccgmeots. and

lhe

corolla of five petah ;

fh e

berry is below the flower,

andl

conlains five fecd s. There are fe\'en

fpecies,

on~

one

which,

t:iz ,

lhe

ge rmanica,

mediar,

is a

nati "e or Rrifa'o.

MESS!\ SIPPI, or MESC HA SIP PI , a eouolr)' of N onh

Ameri ea , bounded

Canaa~

un lhe nonh, lhe Britifh

plantalions on Ihe eall, the

~u l ph

of MeKieo on Iho–

roulh,

and

the ero\'inee of

N ew

lVlexico

lhe

wen .

M ESSENCERS, are een aio olli ers ehiefl y employeJ

uoder 'the dlreélion of Ihe

fl'cr~:"fles

of nate, aud

aJ–

ways io readinefs to be rent W1th all klnds of di rpatches

foroigo , od domea ie.

T h.y alfo, by vinue of Ihe

recretaries warrants ,

u ke

pe.

fons for high treaCoo,

or otller ofFeoces

~gaif¡H

(he Hate ,

MES SI AH, Ihe AN o

NTED; a .il l< whieh Ihe J ews gave

their expeéted

grtal

Jd:verer. whore

COOlJOg

lhey

ilill wait for : ' aDd a name Ihe Chriai. os apply 10 Je-