1000000030

962 / 1042

'94 0 L A w.
.,.ífF or fherifF depute, the clerk, and himrelr. and regio
lIered in Ihe lhellfF's b()()ks, lh. extraél lhereof Ihall be
relliOered wilhin fon y days afler expiry of lbe annul de·
lih!rund, in lhe g~ncral r~gifier appo:nled for lhal puro
pofe, his (ubrequenl eOlry wdl rubjdl h,m no fal lher lhan
to lh~ value ol fueh invenlory, If lhe iovenl~ry be gi·
ven up aod regifircd wl lhio lhe time prefenbed, lhe heir
may fen'e OA il, even afler lhe year,
27, Credilors are nOI ooliged 10 aequiefee in lhe "3lue
of lhe. erale given up by lhe heir; bUl, if1hey be real
creditors, m.y bring lhe ellm 10 a publie fale, io order
10 dircover ilS lrue value; Goce ao is always wonh
\'Ihat can be gOl for il, An heir by invenlory, as he
iJ, in effoél, a trUnee for lhe credilors, muO accounl for
thal value 10 which lhe ellale may have improved
fince Ihe dealh 01' lhe ao.:~fior, and he mun communicale
to all lhe eledilo's lhe cales he has gOl in lranfa(¡lng
\Vilh any one of l~em,
23. Praéiice has inlrlldured an anomalous fon of en·
try, withoul lhe inlerporilionof an inq'lell, by lhe role
conCent of lhe fuperior, who, if he be r,'li,li¿d 1;Ja! Ihe
perron applying 10 him is Ihe neXl htir, granls him a pre·
cepl (ealltd of ciare cOllflot, from Ihe firfl ",ords of ils
recilalJ, eommanding h,s bailie 10 iofcfl him in lhe fuJ·
jeéls lhal belongcd 10 his aocellor. Thefe preeepls . re,
no doubt, elfeélual againn lhe Cuperior ",ho grenls them,
'and his hdrs; and lhey nuy, ",hen followtd by fellio,
afford a lide of prefenption: Blll as no perron can be
declaredAn heir by privale aUlhority, lhey eaonOl bar lhe
true hei r from entering afler lwenly years, as a legal en·
try Il'ould have done, Of lhe fame nalure is lhe enlry
by hafp and (laple, eommonly ufed in bUIg'ge lenements
of houfes ; by whieh the baili: , WilhoUl ealliog an inqueO,
cognoCees or declaresa perfoo heir, upon evidence broughl
before himfelf: and, al lhe fame úme, infefls him in lhe
fubje-~, bylhe fymbol of the hafp and llaple of lhe doo',
Charges given byeredilors 10 apparenl heirs 10enler, lI,nt!
in the place of ao aaual emry, fo as to¡¡Ipport lhe credi·
tor's diligence,
22, Ageneral fmice eannOl include afpeeiaJ one; fin~e
·jt has DO rdalion 10 any fpeeial fubj,{t, and carnes only
Ihal clafs of rights on ",hieh feifin has 001 proeeed~d ;
but a fpeei.1 fervice implies a general one of lhe fame
kind or charaaer, and coofequeody carrles even fueh
righls as hne nOl been perfeélcd by feifin . S~rviee is
nOl requil't'd 10 ellllblilb lhe heir's righl in lides of ho·
nour, o' ofliecs of lhe highe(l dignilY; for lhefe dercend
j ure [.oguio;', .
30. An heir, by immiJciag wilh his aocenor's eOm
WilhoUl enlry, fubjeéls himfelf 10 hisJebts, as if he had
enlered i or, io our law.phrafe, incurs a paflive tide,
T he only paffive lide by whieh an appareol heir becomes
Jiable uoiverfally for all his anee(lor's debls, is giflio pro
herede, or his beh.ving as none bUl an btir has righl 10
do. B·h.lviour as heir is inferred, f<;oOl lhe appdreOl
heir's int omiffion, afler lhe dealh of lhe aoee(lor. ",ilh
any pm of lhe lands or olher herilable fubje{ts belonging
·10 lhe deceafed, 10 whieh he himfelf mighl have eom·
pleated an aélive lide by entry.
'11, This paOive lide is excluded, if lhe heir's intro·
Il. 'ilion be by order of la\V ; or if il b: founded 00 Gagu.
lar lillcl, anJ not dS heir 10 lh! dc,~af,d, nnl 3n ~~pa.
« 111 h~,,'s pureh.ling any righl lo hls ~1I;ellur's elfale,
~lhelw.,fe tlldn at public rou!, (w 'li3nJ, o· hlS polf.¡iing
1 In "Irtue of nghts Cetded In Ihe perlon 01' ,ny near re.
Iwon uf the ,nrdlor, lO \Vlrom he hlmldf m.y fueceed
as hm, olher~v"e Ih,ln UpOIl purehAfe by publie fale, is
de,m<d behdvlOur as helf.
32. Bdlaviour as he" is alCo exdudcd, where lhe in.
tromduoo is fmall , unlds.n intcnlio!) 10 defraud Ihe ,n·
ed~lIr's e'.d,lors be pr¡fum'ble from lhe eireumllan·e.
au<odrng ir.- Neuher is behaviour ,nfened againll Ihe
apparenl hetr, f,om the paymenl of his anedlor's debl,
whiJI ISa volunl31 yaa, and profilahle 10 Ihe eredllOr! :
nor by his I.king OUl of briefes 10 fe,ve : for one may
aller ItIS purpofe, while il is not cl>mplealed: nOr by IlIs
a!rumlng ~hc lllJes of honour bdonging 10 his .nc~nor,
o exeretlrng an honowy orn e hereditary in lhe ramily ;
fo; thefe are righlS annexed 10 Ihe blood, ",hieh mIy be
uled " Ilhout proper replefen1alion, Ilul lhe exeróling
an Imilable omee of prO"t, whi:h mal' pafs by voluutalY
eonvey. nce, and confcq'Jendy is ~djudgeable, may rea·
fo,ubly be lboughl 10 infer a paffive tille, La(lIy, as
paOive tilles have beea inlrodueed, me,ely for lhe feenri·
1)' of eredilols ; lherefore, where que()lOns eonwning
behaviour arife a010ng lhe difFerenl orders of heirs, lhey
are liable 10 one another no farther lhao in vJlorelll of
lheir feveral intromiffions,
33, Anrllhcr palli"e lide in herilage, may be inellr'ed
by lhe appdrenl hei r's aeeepting a gratoitous righl from
lh: ar,ee()or, 10 any pan of lhat ellale to whieh he himfelf
mighl have fuceeeded as heir; and il is ealled pr«Ultio
hereditatÍl, becaufe il is a laking of lhe fU.·eellioo by lh'e
heir before il opens 10 himby lhe death of his ancellor,
If lhe right be onerous, there is no paffive tide; If the
eonúdelalionpaid for il does nOl amounl 10 il! fu ll value,
lhe creditor s of lhe deeeafed may reduce it, in fo far as
it is graluilouS, bUl Ilill il infers no paOive lide,
34' The beir incurring lhis paflive lide is no fanhcr
liable, lhao if he had, al lhe lime of his aeeeplance, en·
tered heir 10 the granler, aod fo fubjeéled himfelf tO
lhe debls thal were Ihenckargeable againll him; bUl \Vilh
lhe po(lerior debls he has nOlhing 10 do, 001 even Wilh
lhele eonlra{ted between lhe dale of lhe righl, and lhe
infeflment taken upon il, and he i, lherefore c.lled fllc.
ccffir titulo lucrativapojl contruflum d,hitulll ,
35 Neither of thefe paOive lides lakes place, unler,
lhe lubjeél inlelmeddled Wilh or difponed, be fueh as lhe
intromitter or reeeiver would fueeeed 10 as heir, In
lhis alfo, theCe 1"'o paffive lides agree, lhal lhe inlro·
millioo in bOlh nlu(l be afler the dealh of the aneellor i
for lhere can be no termini habilu of a p.Oiv~ litle, while
lhe aneellor is alive, BUl in lhe following refpea lhey
differ: Ciflio proherede, being a vieious pallive lide found·
ed upon a quafi deliél, cannOl be objeaed agamll the de·
linqenl's heir, if pracefs has 001 been hufconle()ed whlle
Ihe delinquenl himfelf was aJi,'c; whereas lhe /uw.llor
titulolucratillo is, by lhe aeeeptanee of lhe di(pofiuon,
underllood 10 have enlered into a laeil eon:rall with Ihe
granlds eredilors, by whi ·h he underrakcs the burden
of lhei r debls; and all aétioos fouoded 00 eoolraét are
lranfmillible agaioll heirs.