1000000030

866 / 1042

JOB 84 8
lNVERSE, is appEed to • m,oner of workillg the rule
of lhree. See AR ITH METICK , p. 333.
INVEIWRY, a padiament.town of Scodand, in the
eounty of Abe,Jeen, fitttaltd 00 the river Don, teo
miles wdl of Aberdeeo.
INVESTIGATION, properly denotes the Cearehing or
finding any thing ou t by lhe traéls or prints oC the ~eet;
whene, mathematieians, Cehoolmen, and grammanans,
come ro nfe the termin their refpeélive refearehes.
Il\VESTITURE, in Seots law, the writings whieh
eonnitme a pl op~r feudal right. See LAW, tit. 10 .
INULA, in botany, a genus of the fyngenefia polyga.
mia fuperAlla clafs. The reeeptaele is naked; lhe
papplls is fimple ; andthe anthm:[erminale at Ihe bafe
intil'O briales. Thereare n fpwes, 4of themn",ves
of Britain, viz. the helenium, or cleeampane ; the
dyfenteriea, 01' middlc flca·bane ; the pulicaria, orfmal!
flea·bane; and the eri lhmoid<s, or goldenCampire. The
rootof theeleeampanc is faid to excite urine, and loofeo
the belly.
INVOCATION, in theology, the aél of adoring God,
,od efpeeiall'yof addrefling him in p"yer for his afliC·
tanee and prvleélion.
INVOICE, an aeeount in writing of the particular! of
merehandife, with their value, cuaom, charges, &e.
lranfmined by one merehant to another in a diflant
eountry. See Boo K·KF.E PlN G, p. 618.
lNVOLUCRUM, among botani!!s. See BOTANv,
p. 63 7·
lNVOLUTION, io algebra See AL GEB RA , p. 84.
JOACHIMITES, in ehllreh·hiaory, the difeiples of
Joaehim'a ciaertianmonk, who \Vas an abbot of Flora
in Calabria, and a great pretender 10 infpiration.
The Joachimites were partieularly fond of eertain
ternaries : theFather, they Caid , operated fromthe be–
ginning ti!llhe eoming of the Son; the Son, from
Ihat timeto theirs, whiehwas the year I260 ; and from
Ihat time lhe Holy Spirit IVas to operate in his turno
T hey alfo divided everything relating to m' n, to doc–
trine, and themannerof lil'ing, iOlo three elalfes, ae.
eording to the tlHee perfons in the Trinity.
JOANNA , one of the ifl.lnds of Comoro, fitum d be.
tween the nonh·wen par! of Madagafear and Zangue.
bar, in Arriea : E.long. 45°, S. lat. 12°.
JOB, or B.,Ao[ Jo~, a eanonieal book of the Old Te.
fl ament, eontaining a narratil'e of a feries of misfor.
tunes which happened to a man whoCe name IVas Job,
~s a trial of his virtue and patienee; together with Ihe
conferenees he had IVith his elllel friends, on the fub.
jeél of his misfonuncs, and Ihe manner in which he
IVas rellored 10 eaCe anoh,'ppincCs. This book IS fi llcd
with thofe noble, bold, and fi gurative expreflions
whieh eonailule the very Coul of poetry. '
fll ,ny of lhe Jewifh rabbins preteno that this rela.
tion is altogcther a fiélion: olhers Ihink it a fimp le
narratlve of amatICr offaél, jufl as it hapl ened: while
a third fort of eri.tiel aekno\lledge, that Ihe glOuno.
,~ork orlhe aory lS true. but that it is \Vrote inapoe–
ueal (lralO, and derolateo wnh peeu ei,clllOaanees
10: ender. thenmal ionnlore proli l~ble aue! enlwaining:
Ibe tImeISnot [el uown Itl wh" h Jub livtJ. Some
J O H
have Ihoul;hl that he was mueh aneieoter than Mures,
beeaufe the LIlV is never eited by Job or his friends,
and bceaufeit is rclated that Jub himfelf offmd Caeri.
fi m. Someimagine that Ihis book was wrote by him–
felf; others fay, that Job IVrote it originally in Syriac
or Arabic, and that Mofes tranflated it 1010 Heblew:
but the rabbins generally pronounee MoCes to be the
author of il, and many Chrilliao writers are of the
Canle opinion.
JOBBER, in law, a perfon lhat buys and Cells eatlle for
others . Henee aoek jobbers are perCons who buy and
Cell aoeks for olher perfons
IOGUIS, among Ihe Ean·lndians, a kind of hermits,
\Vho generally fland undertrees, or near Iheir pagods.
Some of Ihem go flark naked , holding their arms a.
erofs over their heads, and eontinue in tbat pollure all
lheir lives : others lie on the ground, with one leg
higher Ihan the other, and their arms raifed above
Iheir head, and thefe wretehed penitent! infenfibly
10Ce the ufe of their arms and legs : fome confine
Ihemfdves in eages, fet on the top of a thiek aake,
fixed inthe ground; and¡heCe eages are Cu Cmall, that
they pUt ¡he penitent to prodigious torture: Come
holding a Cabre in one hand, and a kind of fhield iD
the OtAer, go up a kind of erane, IVhere hookiog
themCelves to an iron, \Vhieh runs a eoofiderable \Vay
into their baeks, they fpring forlVard ioto the air,
flourifhin g their fabr,s, and launehing OUt into extra·
vagant praiCes of their idols: and othm plunge ioto
¡he Ganges, in hopes of being devoured by a croco·
dile, faneying tha¡ by ¡his means they !hall obtain the
happineCs of the next life.
Thefe miCerable \Vretehes are eonfidered by the In·
dians as perfeél models of pietyand holineCs: theyare
follo"ed by perCons of both Cexes, who make a vow
of del'oting themCdves totheir Cerviee, and are whole–
Iy employed in foolhing their voluntary Cufferings by
offering lhema1ms and refrefllmems. They ea!l the
piolls to lheir del'otions ¡'y ringing a little bell; and
\Vhen they hold Iheir fpiritual eonverfalions, they fit
elofe in a ring, and fe t up a banner, made offeveral
pims of auff, fallened at the end of a Oiek.
]OHN, or e.¡pe! of SI. JOHN, a canonieal bookof the
NeIV Teaamtnt, eontaining a recital of the I,fe, ac·
tions, doélrine, and death of Dur Sari,·ur JefusChrill,
wri t:en by St John the apollle aod m ngtlin.
St. John wrOte his GoCpel at EpheCus, afler hi! re–
turn from the iOc of Patmos, at Ihe defi re of lhe
CllIiaians of Afia . St JeromCays, he WOllld not uo·
denake it , bm on condllillo they fhall appoint a pub·
Ile fan, to implore the afliflanee of Cod ; and that the
{,a beiogendtd, SI. John, fill.d ",ith the Holy Chafl,
broke out inlo lhefe w"rds, "In the b,ginning was
" the1V0rd," Cr. T he ,,"eienlS aflipn 1\\'0 "afons for
lhis Ilndcrlaking: the fidl is. bec;"llfe. in lhe olher
time gofpd $, Ihere lVas 1I'.lntin" lhe hillol)' of lhe be·
gi nning "f .Ilfus l'h,ifl's rre:tdling. till the illlprifoll'
meO! uf .IUhll ¡he ll"ptill ; '''lIch, IheBfore, he ' p'
plil'd hilllfdf panl tl!.',])' 10 Irlm. T he ffl'l\f\d ,,:t–
Con \I'.!S, in order to 11'1l1()I'C the elrors 01 Ihl' ltl in·
thilill, Ebiunlles, 3nJ other kil!.