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L",d CH,Hn tRL AI N./ Ih, tNI¡,/¡,IJ, ~O offi cer II'ho hal
Ihe overflghl ~nd dire[lioo of a\l offi.:m hdooging 10
Ihe ~ing's cnambm, excepl lhe p'ecioa of Ihe kioG's
bcd·rhamb, r.
He ha! Ihe ol'rrlighl of Ihe ofiiws of Ihe w~rJro~e
al a\l his majen)"s hoob , ,od of Ihe rcmol'ing \Var,l·
robes, or of bcds, "'liS, revels, molic, com¡diaos,
hUOliog, mefl'cng~rs, &c. rmined in lhe kiog's (er
,·iee. He Moreóvcr has Ihe or:rfi~h{ and direaion of
Ibe Cerjel1\tS al arm!, of all phyficians, apolhecaries ,
Curgeoos, barbers, Ihe kiog's eI,aplAin, 6 e and ad·
minltlers [he oJlh la all ornrm ahove n.irs.
Other ch,mberl,ius, are lhofe of Ihe kiog's coun
of exehequer, ofNonh Wales, (lf Ch.ner, of lhe ei·
IY of Loodoo, (7(. io whieh cafes Ihis ofliw is se·
oerally lhe reeciver 01' all rems aod ,eveooes belouging
lO[he place \Vhereof he is ckmberlJin.
In [he exeheqoer Ihere are IIVO chamberlains, who
keep a conlroolmen[ 01' Ihe pells of reeeipls aod exi·
lOS, aod h,re cem in keys of lhe tl eafory , records,
oc.
RERL A'N ,[ L' /ld,n keeps Ihe cily.mooey, \Vhieh
is tlp io Ihe ch,m~er of Londoo: he alfo pre!idcs
Mer [he aft'airs of maners aod app,eol ices, and makcs
free of [he cilY, &c.
His oflice hlls only a ycar, bUI Ihe conom o(oally
ob"ins 10 re·cho(e Ihe fame per(on, llOlefs charscd
wilh .oy mi(dcmeanor io his oRice.
CHAMBERR Y, [he capilal of [he dl1chy of Savoy, in
h all', r¡lumd oioely miles oonh·welf of Turin, aod
fony fi"e foulh of Geoeva: E. loog. SO45', N. lal.
/,S o 40"
CH AMOIS, or CH AM OII.GOAT, io loology. See
C!PRA .
CH AMI'A IGN, a province of Fraoce, booneled by Pi·
cardy on ,be oOllh, by Lomin 00 Ihe ealf by Bur·
g',ody 00 Ihe fOlnh, and by Ihe iDe of Fr.nce on Ihe
\VeU. Irs eapil.1is Troyes.
CHAMPA IN, or p,illl CHAMPAI N, io herald ry, ¡
mar\:. of difh ollour io Ihe coa[ of a,ms of himwho
kills a pri(oner of war after he has cried qoarter.
CIIAl\IPION, a per(oo who oodenakes a eombal io Ihe
place or quarrel of ano[her ; ~Jld (omelinlCl Ihe word
is ufed for him \\'ho fi ghts io his owo caofe.
Ir appears Ihat chaOlpioos, io Ihe joU Cenfe of Ihe
word, IVere perfoos who foughl inne.d of Ihofe lhat,
by eonfim, were obliged [O ,ceepl the doel, bUI had
a jun exeufe for dlfpenfiog wilh il, as b,ioC Ion nlJ,
iofirm, or beiog ecdefiaflies. aod Ihe like. Sueh
c,"fes as could nOI be deeideel by Ihe coorfe of eom·
moo Iaw, were oflen \ried by ~osle eomhat; anel he
who ¡'ad Ihe good fonuoe [Oeooquer, \Vas always re·
pUled le. have jollice 00 bis fi,le. Ch~mpions \Viro
(<)ughl for in[eren ooly, \Vere held iofamous; Ihefe
bired Ihemfdve! In ,~e nobilit;·, 10 r.ghl for [hem io
of oceo, and did homage for Iheir penfion
CHAMP ' ON_/ .'?r Jing, a pe,(oo whofe "Rice il is, at
Ihe eorlJnalic,oof ollr kings, 10 riele arn:ed inlo WeH·
rtioller.h. lI, "hile lhe king i, al diooer Ihere, and, hy
lhe prod.matioo of • ber::ld, c1tal!eDgp. 10 tlHS
e!Fea,. l'!; . " TI;.~: :r any lilao Dl.oil d, ,,y Ihe kiog'.
" lille tOIhe ero\\'o, he is Ihere re,Jy 10 det·.no il 11}
.. finglc eombal, oc." Whieh dooe, the kin" .!nnk!
111 him, .oel {coJs hiOl a gilt eup, wilh a eo'?er, foil
of \Vine, whieh the ehampioo drinkl, aod has Ihe eop
for his fee.
CB ANCE, io a geocral (enfe, a lerm applied 10 eveols
nOI neeeffa rily prodoced as Ihe oacural e!feéls of ~oy
proper fo reknolVo cauCe. f or Ihe Joarioe of eh.nce
aod ils applicHIOO 'o sames, &c. fee GUII NG.
CH ANCE' /Iud/,), io , is Ihe aceirleotal killiog Of' l
001 . hogelhe, Wilhool [he k ;lIer'~ f. olr, though
Wilhool any e\'il inten[ioo; aod is where ooe is doiog
a la\Vfol .a, aod a pe,(on is killed thereby : f or, if
Ihe .a be unlalVful, il is feluoy.
CH.'\ NCEL, a particular pan of Ihe fabrie of a Ch'; ·
niao ehureh; or lha! p. n of [he ehoir belween Ihe
altar aod Ihe balunrade Ihal ioclo(es il, where üteOli.
ollfer is pl.ced at Ih~ celebratioo of Ihe eommooioo.
C¡ I Aj~CELLOR, ao ollieer (uppoled origioally [Ohave
beeo a ootary or (cribe under Ihe emperors, and o,.
Oled canrdlarÍl/J, beC'du(e he fa l behind a Iallice, eall·
led io La[iocan"I/IIJ , tOa!'oid l5eing erowded by Ihe
peorle•
AeeOldiog 10 a hite \reati(e, Ihe eh,ncellor origioal.
Iy prefided om a polili,,1 college of Cmetaries, for
Ihe wri[ios of m alies, aod ·olhe, publie bofioefs ; ao,1
lhe eourt of eqoity, ooder Ihe old éonllitl~lion, w.s
held berore lhe kiog aod his eou oeil, in Ihe palaee,
where ooe (opreme coon for bufio¡ (! of e"e,y kiocl
w.s kept. At firn Ihe chaoeellor became a jodge, 10
hear and delermioe pelilions 10 the kiog, \Vhieh werc
prefemd tOhim; ,od io Ihe eod, as bllfioc(s iocrea.
fe~, Ihe people addreffed ,heir Cui l 10 Ihe chaocellor,
aod 001 10 Ihe kiog ; aod Ihus Ihe eh,oeellc'r's equi.
lable power, by degrees, comlllto~cd by prere .
Lord high CHANCELLOR o[ C"PI Ilrilain, or LorJ
¡up:r o[ Ihr grral f a/, is Ihe highrfl honoor cf Ihe
long robe, beiog made fo prr Irodili··nrm mngni j.
gilli, pu dOll/i"Um rrg"n, aorl by lakiog Ihe oalhs :
He is Ihe firn per(oo of Ihe mlm oexl afler Ihe kiog,
and prioees óf Ihe blood, io all civil alfairs; aod i!
.Ihe chicf admioiHralor of joniee, oexl [he Covereigo,
bein!: Ihe jodge of Ihe eoun of ehaoeery.
~II olher jofii ces are lied 10 the fi,ia rules of Ihe
¡aIV in Iheir judgment: Hl.t Ihe chaocellor is int'ened
wilh Ihe kiog's ab(olllte powcr, 10 moocrale Ihe \Vril·
ten law, gomoiog his jodgmeol porely by Ibe law
uf oature ,mi con(cieoce, aod orderillg all Ihings–
lr(o:diog 10 equity and joflice. In lhis rdpd l
Slrillndf"rd (ays, Ihe rhaocellór has IIVO powers, one
abfolulc, Ihe other ordloary: Meaoiog, Iha[ althoogh
by his ordioary pOllet, io (ome C~flS, he mnn ob(nve
Ihe forml of ploeeedioS5, as olher inferior joo"es'
yCl io /tis abfolure power, he i! 001 hnHlld by die Iaw;
Lu[ by eoofereoee ao.! cqully.
The lOro eha.eellor 001 001)' keep! lhe kiog's srm
f',al; ~Ol airo all pateols, coo¡millions, wa""o,s, 6c.
from the kiog, are, befo" Ihey are fi¡:o"d, perllf,d
by him: He has Ihe difpolilionof all eccldian".1be·
. oLfices