1000000030

L E

or brafs·dun, as menlioned aboye in Ihc fe:lion concern·

ing the elearical appawus, \Vas found

anfwer

b~uer.

n\~1I

here give Dr

ranklin's aeeount oC this phill

nearly in his owo words, together wilh the experiment!

eonfirming it.

l. While the wire and infide

the bonle are clel1ri·

fied

pojilivdJ

plul,

the outfide oC the bonle is elee·

Irined

mgalivrlj

minuJ ,

ex~11

proponion ;

whatel"er quantity

elel1rieal fi,e is thrown inlO Ihe in·

fide, an

equ~1

quantity goes out

the outGue. To

undernand this, Cuprofe Ihe n:nural quantity of elee·

trieity in Ihe whole bonle, before the operation begins, is

equal to

20;

ami, at every Oroke

the tube, Or turn of

Ihe globe, fuppofcaquaOlity equal to I is Ihrown in; then,

after the fi rO Oroke, Ihe qu,tntity eontained io Ihe \Vire

and iofide of Ihe bonle \ViII be

21,

aod in the oUlnde

19;

afler the Ceeond nroke, the innde will have

22.

and the

oUlfide

18;

and

on, till, aflcr

nrokes, the.iofide

\ViII have a quantity of cld trical fire equal to 40, and

the outlide noneat all; and Iheo Ihe operatioo eods: for

no more cao be thro\Vn inlo the irfide, wheo

eao be driven out of the outfide. If more is auempted

be throwo io, it is fpued baek Ihrough the wire, or

Jlies OUI in loud eraeks Ihrough the fides of Ihe bonle.

2 .

Theequilibrium of clcélrie maller

the bonle be–

ing tbus Ion, il eaooot be refiored by any

inward

eom'

municatioo or eoolal1 of the pam: but this mun be done

by a eommuoieation fonned

wilhoul

Ihe bonle belween

lhe iofide aod the outfide, by Come cooduElor louehiog or

approaehiog both fides at the C,me time; in which caCe Ihe

equilibriunt is rellored wilh an ioexprellible violente and

quiekneCs: or, it may be done by touchiog eaeh fide al·

leroatcly; io which eafe, the equilibrium is renored by

degrm.

3. As

more clel1rical fire can be thrown ioto the

iofide of the bOIlIe, when ¡JI i, driven from the outfide ;

fa, in a bOllle not yet eleélrined, oone can be thrown

iDIO the infide, "hen none can gct out at the oUlfide;

which happens, eitber wheo the glaCs i, too thick or

\Vheo the bonle is plaeed in a non·eonduélor.

Ag~in,

when the bOllle is eleélrified, but linle of the cleélrical

fire can be drawn out from Ihe inGde by touehing Ihe

\Vire, unleCs an equa! quantity caD, at the Came time,

get iD at the outfide. Thus, place ao clcélrified bonle

clean glafs, or dry wax , aod youwill oot, by toueh–

ing the wire, gct out the fi,e (rom Ihe infide: place it

0 0

a conduélor, aod touch the \Vire, then you

"'111

get il

OUt in a fholl nAle; hut (oonen wheo you form a direél

eommunication as above.

4. The nlock to the

nerv.es

, or rather cOD'ulfion, is

oecafioncd by Ihe (uddcn paJTage of Ihe 6re Ihrough the

body, in ilS ",ay from Ihe infide

the oUlfide of the

nle. The fire lahs tbe fhollen cour(e; but il does

not appear, Ihal, io order

receive afhock, a eommuni.

catioo \Vilb Ibe Boor is

n~cc:JT¡ry;

(or he Ibal bolru the

lile \Vilb one band, and loueb

Ibe "ire wilh tbe

olher. will befhocked as mucb, Ibough bis fhoes be dry,

or even(laodlog on w ..x. And on Ibe lo"eb of Ibe \Vire

(or

of Ihe prime condu80r,

wh.ch

is Ibe (ame thing,)

lhe fire does nol procecd (rom Ihe louebing finger

lbe wue, bUI flom Ibe WI/e

6nger, and p¡fi'"

T Y:

thrnugh the body tO tbe

olh~r

hand, aod (o iOlo the out·

Clde

01'

Ibe bOlllc.

Thc(ullowing experimcnl3 \ViII eonfirm Ihis aeeourol of

the LeyJen phi"!.

l. Plaec

cleélrified

phi~1

on wax ; a (mall eo/k·ball

hcld in you/ band, fufpended by a dry filk Ihread, and

brougln near

Ihe wire, \ViII firn be amaéled and Ilteo

repelltd: \Vben in a repdled lIale, fink your hand, Iha!

the ball may be brought towards lile outfide of Ihe

bonle; it

\\;11

be ionanlly anraéled lill il has pmed wilh

its fire.

If Ibe oUIGde of the bOllle had a pofilive

c1eélrie~1

atmo(pbere, as wcll as Ihe iofide and Ihe IVire, an e–

leélrified eork would be repclled (rolll the one as well as

Ihe other.

From a benl wire niekinc in the table, lel a fmall

linen Ibread hang down IVithin hal( ao ineh of Ihe e!te·

tri6ed phial; touch Ibe wire

tbe phial "pwedly with

your finger; and, at every loueh, you will Cee the Ihread

inOantly mraéled by IheoUlfide of Ibe botlle. As Joon

as you draw any fire from the iofide by louehing Ihe

wire, the outfidedra\V5 in ao equal quanlity by Ihe Ihread.

3. Fix a ",ire in Ihe oUlfide eoaling of Ihe bonle,

(o as Ihat bendiog upwards its riog.cnd may be leve!

Wilh Ihe top or ring.end of Ihe wire in Ihe eork of the

bonle, and at Ihree or (our inehes dinanee. Tben e–

leélri(y Ihe bonle, aod place il

wax. If

eork,. (u–

(pended by a filk thread, hang belween thefe two

~"el,

it will play ineeffanlly (rom Ihe one

Ihe other,

1111

the

equilibrium bClweeo Ihe ioGde aod lhe outGde of the

bOllle is renored.

4' Place aman on a cake of wax, and pre(ent him the

\Vire of the eleélrified phial tO louch, you nanding

Ihe floor and holding it io your hand. As ofteo as he

touches il, he will beelcélrified

pllll;

and any one nand–

ing on the floor may drawa (park from him. TIle 6re,

in this experiment, parres out of Ihe wire inlo hint ; and,

at the (ame lime, OUt of your hand into the oUlfide of

lbe bOltle.

G.ve

bim tbe clcl1neal phial

bold, and

toueb Ibe wire; as ofleo as you toueh il, he will bc c–

lel1nfied

",inul,

and may draw a (park from any ooe

aanding in tbe floor. The fire in tbis cafe p.rrcs (rom

Ihe wire

you, and (rom him iOlo Ibe oUl6de of Ihe

bonle.

Lay I\VO books, or tWOglaJTes, baek

.baek,

~wo

IWO or three inehes diaanl, place the cleélnlied phlal;

ooe of Ihem aod men louch the wire

Ibat book

will be cleélrified

mil/ul,

the eleélrieal

~re

being draVID

OUIof

bymeoUlfide of Ihe bonle. Takeoff Ihe

~lIle,

and, holdiog il iD your hand, toueh Ihc other wllh Ihe

wire; Ihat book will be eletlri6ed

pluJ,

Ihc lile

pa~ng

into it from Ihe wile aod Ihe OUlfide of Ihe bOlue

Ihe (ame lime (upplied fromyour haod.

The

r ..

meexplofion and fhock happens, i( th: ele8116ed

phialis hcld in one hand by Ihe hook o( IheWlre, and lhe

coallng touched wilh the olber, as \Vheo hcld by Ihe

coating and toaehed at Ihe hook. To take tite

chargc~

phlAI fafely by Ihe hook and not al Ihe (,me lime dlml–

nifh its force; il mu firn be (el down on a

n~o'id

duélor. nle phial will be eleélri6ed as ¡¡rongly,

by lb hook,

lbe cOilioS applied

Ibe gl07