392 / 1042
"
•
D
s
444
D
s
,.Age of Ihe 'kuife or feilfars, in opening finures, or fi·
i\ul~,
Ihal bythis means the ,djdeent rclfcls, nmes,
and tendons may remain unhun. See SURG ERV.
DIRIGENT, ur DtHCTRtX, a term in geometry,
figoifying thelineof motion, along whieh the dereribent
lioe or furfate is carried io the g,<nefis of aoy plaoe or
lolid fignre.
DlS. ' n infeparable aniele prefixed to d.vers words, the
dft,q
whererof is eilher togil'ethem afignifieationcon'
trary to what the fimplo words have, as
difoblige,
¿ifob~v.
&c.
01'
tO
fi~ntfy
a fepamion, dmchmeot.
&c.
a;
'!ifP'./ing, dij!rib"lillg.
DISC, io anuquity, a qnoil olade of fione, iron. or
copper, five or fix fiogers broad, and more than a
foot loog. ioclioing to an oval figure, which they
hurleJ in
1'01
m of a bewl, to a vaft diHance, by the
help of a leathern thong tied round theperron's haod
\Vho threw it, aod put through a hole in the middle.
Homer has maJe Ajax and Ulylfes great m ins at this
rporl.
DI Se, in allronomy. Ihe boJy and face of the fun aod
moon, fnch as it appears tO us on the emh ; or the
body or faee of the tarth, fuch as it appears to a rpec.
tator io the moon.
DI se. io opties, is the width of the apenure of tele·
rcopic glarrcs, whatever !heir form be, whether plaio,
cool'ex. concave,
&c.
DISCERNING, or DISCE RS MENT, amoog logieiaos,
a faeulty of the miod, whereby it difiioguilhes be·
tween
~dea!.
DISCIPLE, ooe who learos any thing fromanother :
thus, the followers of aoy teaeher, philofopher.
&c.
are dled difeiples. In the Cbriniao fenfe. they lOere
followers of jefus Chrilt, in general; but in a more
refirained fenfe, the difeiples denote thofe alone who
\Vere the immediate followers and mendants
00
his
perfon, of whieh there were feventy or feventyotwo.
The nan¡es
difciple
and
ap.Jlle
are
oft~n
fynonymouOy
ured in the gofpel.hinory; bUI fometimes the apomes
are dininguilhed from direiples, as perroos releéledout
of the oumbcr of difciples, to be thepriDápalminifiers
of his religion; of thefe there were only twelve. The
Latios kept the feflival of the fe venty or feventy.tIVo
.difeipleson july t5th, and the Greeks on january 4th.
DISCIPLINE, in a general fenfe. denotes inllruélion
and government; as military direipliDe, eeclefiafiieal
difcipline,
&c.
DlSCLAMATION, in Seo!! law. is that eafualty
whereby a varra! forfeited his feu to his fuperior, by
dirowning or difclaiming him as fueh without fu/li.
cieot reafon . See SeoTS LAIV, tide
12.
DISCORD, in mufie, the relation of tIVOfounds \Vhieh
are always and of themfelves difagreeable, whether
applied in fuceeflioo or
confonane~.
DISCOUNT, in eommeree, atermamoog traders. mero
ehants, anu bankers.
It
is ufed by the twoformeron
occafion of theirbuying eommoditics on the ufual time
of eredit, \Vith
a
condition that the fdler fhall allolV
lhe buyer
ª
eenain difeount at the rate of fo much
per
cm/. pu al/nU/II,
for the time for whieh the credil is
generally given, upon eondition that the buyer pa)'!
ready money for fueh eommodities, innead of taking
the time of eredit.
DISCRETE, or DIS¡UNeT PROPORTION', is when
the ratio of two or more pairs of numbm or quanti.
tles is the lame. but there is not the fdmeproportion
betIVeen all the four oumbtrs. Thus ir the numbers
3:6: :8: 16
be eonfidered. the ratio between
3: 6,
is
the rame as that between8:
16,
and theterore the numo
bers are proponional ; but it is only diferctely or dif·
junélly, for
3
is not tO
6
as
6
to
8;
that is, the pro·
ponion is brokenoff between
8
and
3,
and is DOt con·
tinued as in the foJlowing continual proponioDals,
3:6: :
12 : 2
4.
DISCUS, in antiquity. See Dl se.
DISCUSSION, in matter! of literature, fignifies the
clear treating or handliog of any particular point, or
problem. ro as to Ihake off the diflieulties wi!h whieh
it is embaraffed: thus IVe fay, fueh a point was weJl
difeurred. when it was
IVell
treated of and cleared up.
DISCUTIENTS, io medicine, are fueh remedies, as.
by their fubtilty, dirrolve a lIagnating or eoagulated
~uid,
and diflipate the fame without aD exteroa! folu·
tion of continuity.
DISDIAPASON, or BtSOIAPASON, in muGe, a eom·
pouDd eoncord, deferibed by
F.
Parran, in lhe qua·
drupler.tioof
4:
t, or
8 :
2.
DISOl ArA! ON'O tAPENTE, a coneord inarextuple ratio
of
t :
6.
DISD IA PASON'SEMI -DIAPi NTE, a eompound concord
intheproponion of t
6:3.
DIIDIAPAS ON'DITONE, a eompound conroDaoce in the
proJlonion of t
o:
7.
.
DISDIAPAS ON'!EMI'DITON1, a eompouDd eoncord
10
the proportion of 24 : 5.
DISEASE, in medicine, !hat nate of a liviog body,
wherein it is deprived of the exereife of any of ilS
funélions, whether ,ital, natural, or animal. See
MEDI CINE.
DlSFRANCHISING, among eivilians, fignifies the de·
privinga perron of the rights and privileges of a free
citizen or fubjeéi.
. . .
DlSjUNCTIVE, fomething that reparates or
dlsJol~s.
Thus,
or, I/ei/her, &c.
which in conneéling a
dJ{•
courfe yet feparates the pans of it, are ealled diljuoe.
tive eoojuoélions.
DlSLOCATION, iD rurgery. See LUXATION.
DlSMA,atOIVoof Japan, reparated from Nanquefaeque,
oDlybya narrow canal. The Dutch have
a
very fioe
mag31ine there.
DlSPENSilRY, or DISPENSATO RV, denotes a book
eontaining the method of preparing the various kinds
of medicines ufed in pharmaey. Such are thofe of
Bauderon, 02ercetan, ZIVelrer, Charas. Bates, Me·
fue, Salmon, Lemery, 02iney,
6c.
but the lat:n
aod
01011
eneemed are the Edinburgh andLondoo Dlr·
penfatorics.
D ISP ~ NS AR V .
or DISP6HSATORY , is likewife a maga·
zine or offiee forfellinc medicines at prime coHtO the
poor.
DlS·