21 / 1042
e
A L
12
C ~ l.YARI.I ,
inan"omy,
the h~iry fc~lp.
S~· P. l 51.
LAL I'AR\', in
h~r.llllry,
a crofs fu called, b-c.lUfe it re·
1~'l1Iblcs
thc Ctofs on IVhi,b out Savioul lufrered.
It
is alw:tys f" upon Ilep,.
C..\ LVI, a IOwn of th. province of
L~voro,
inIhe king.
dom of NJple<, litllated near the
fe.,
ahou< fifteen
miles nonh of the eily of Naples: E. long.
14° 4S',
and
N.
lal.
41 °
1
¡'o
CALVI il ,tifo the
n~llle
of a
(~~' pon
in the in,nJ ofCor·
fie" fitu.tcd on aba" on the well fide 01' the ifland,
,bunt I"uy n"l.s fouth· weO of Ballia : E. long.
9"
5',
al\(l
N.
lal.
42° 16.
CALV INI TS, in ehureh.hiOory, tho(e who follow
the optnions of John C.lvin, one of the principal
re·
t(¡rl1lm of the ehureh, in the XVlth eentury,
~ pe~.
fon of great partS and induflry, and of eonliderable
le.trning; whole dotlrine
0111
(ubfills in ils gre.tell
purity at Genera, where
h.
was firO bro.ehed , and
from whence it ,,., proragmd. This is the prevail·
ing religion of the
Unit~d
Provinces. In
Engl~nd,
il is confined among the dilTenlers; and, in Seodand,
il is the unly onhodox f.ilh.
The Call'inifls are greal advocms for Ihe .b(olute·
nefs of God's deerees, and hold that eletlion and re·
probalion depcnJ on Ihe mere will of God, wilhoul
any regard to
I~e
merit or demerit of mankind ; that
he .fFunls to Ihe eletl an irrefiOible grace, • failh that
they <Jnnol Iofe, whieh takes away the freedomof
",il!, a",1neeellitatCs all lheir atlions
10
vinue.
The Calvin:lls bclieve that God foránelV a deter·
m;nm nur.lbtr, whom he pilehed upon to be perfons,
10
whom he IVould
m~nifeO
his glory; .001Ih.1ha·
nr.g thus fo,eknown theOl, he
prcdcflinal~d
themto
he holy, in order
10
whieh he gives them an imfifli·
ble
gr.ec, \\ hieh makes il impoffible for themlObe·
othcrwlfc.
C:ILV[T[ES , or CHV ITIUIr, io medicine, b,ldnefs,
or •
w~nl
of hair, pattieularly on the finciput, oeea·
fioneo uy the moillure of the head, whieh fllOuld feed
it, bcing dried up, by fome diCea(e, old age, or the
imntodcrate ufe of
pow~er,
Oc.
See ALOrEe IA.
CALUMET,
~
fymbol of peore
~mong
the Indians,
in the nOl1h of A'meriea ; [t is made of a red 1I0ne,
like Our marble; the hcad ref<mbles our tobaeeo.pipes,
hut larger; ,nel is fixed on a hollow reed, to hold it
ror fmoking: They adorn it \Vilh fine wings of feveral
colouls,
a~d
is the ealumel of the fun, lOwhomlhey
prtICnt it, cfpeei,lIy if Ihey want fair weather, or
nin. This pipe ii apa(s anel fafe eondutl amongOall
Ihe
~lIies
of the natÍon who has il given: in all em·
b:'/lies lhe elllbalT"dor earries it as anemblemof pea
ce,
and il alwa)s meets widl' profound regard; for the
favagLs are gener. lly perfuaded, that a great misfor·
f'JIl"nc ,",ou:d bef,l Ihem, if Ihey violalcJ Ihe publie
f.ith of Ihe ealumet.
Cil I.X, properly fignifies lime, bUI is alfo ufed by che·
milis and p/\yfiei,los for a fine powder
rem~ining
afler
the ealcinatiun or eorrofion of metals
~nd
other mi·
n"al fub lanees. See CHE" I!TRY.
CALK
RnliJ","ii.
See CIIE" ISTRY,
0lanlil/lQllj.
CALX
nativa,
in natural hillury, a kind of marly
e
A 1\1
e~nh,
of Ad"tI whitilh rulollr, wllieh, ir t!rrown i·n·
tO water, makes a conli.lmble bu\¡bllllg and hilling
ooi(e, ,nd has, wlthout previous hurnin ', Ihe qualil,..
uf making ,e:!:mcnl Ilke IlIne, or plalb of Pans.
CALX
VIVa,
or
<tu
ICR 'L I
>Jf ,
th" whcreon
110
IVarer has
been eall, in eontr.lJlllllléltoll
10
lillle \Vhieh h"s bt<1I
flakcd by,pourtng
II'dl~r
on il.
:ice
e HlM
I
ST
R
V,
OI //IIIt.
CALX, in anawmy.
S<c
CALCASEU" .
CALYCIST
.4:,
an apl'd l,"uII given by Linmfus tu
thofe botanills who h" 'e eI"fleo
pl~
..ts aeeording tu
lhe clilTerellt tlluéture 01' tlle e"lyx, or eup of the lIow·
er; fueh was Magnolius.
CALYPTRA ,
~m.ong
botanifls, a thio
membr~naceous
involuerllm, ufually of
a
eonie figure, whieh covers
rhe parlS of frutlineatiun. The eApfules of 01011of
the molTes'have ealypttre. Set
1l0TA ~
V.
CALY
X,
~mong
botanills,
a
general ternl exprelling
the eup of a flower, or Ihat pan of a plant whieh
furrounds and fupports the othtr parts of the flower.
The cups of IIolVers
are
ve ..y I'alious iD their flrue·
ture, and on Ihat
~ceount
dillinguiOled byCeveraloames,
as periJnthium, involucrum, fpatha, glum.,
&c.
See
BOTAN Y.
CAM,
~
river, aneiendy ealled Grant, whieh, ariflng
in Hcnfordlhire, runs nonh·ean by Cambridge, and
afterwaros eontinues in eourfe norrhwards, to Ihe ifle
of Ely, where itlalls into lhe ri,er Qufe.
CAM illA, in
n1iÍur~1
hiflory', a genus of Ihe (emipellu.
cid gems, approaehing tO the onyx {lrutlore, beiog
eompofed of zones, and formed on a
eryO~lIi06
bafis
i
bU! ha"ing their zones very broad and Ihiek, and laid
altern~tely
on one
~nother,
with no common matler
between
i
ufually lefs trdofpmnr, and more debafed
with eanh, than the onyxes.
l. One fpeeies of the eamrea is the dull.looking
onyx, with broad black and whit. zones ; aod is ¡he
e~Olre~
of the
modern~,
anel the Arabian onyx: This
'fpecies is found in Egypl, Arabi,t, Pcrlia, and the
Eafl Indie1'
2.
Anodter fpeei" of the eam:!:a i, the
dull, broad·zonetl, grecn and white edm:-ea, or the
j"fpi·eaOleo of the Italians:
!t
is fouhd in the
Eafl
Indies, and in fome pans of Ameriea.
3.
The third
is the hard eamrea, with broad white and eheCnut·eo·
loorcd veins.
4.
The hard eam:!:a, with bluilh ,
white, and flefh·colullred broad veins, being the faro
donyx of Plioy's time, only broughl from the
Eall
Indies.
CAMAJEU, a mm in painting, when there is only
one eolour, the lights and Inades being of gold, or on
~
golden and aZllre ground.
lt
is ehiclly ufeu to ro·
pre(en¡ balTo·relievos.
CAMALDULI /INS, a religious order founded by Si
Rom.uld, in a linle plain, on the mouOl Apennine,
called Camllldalia,
litu~ted
in Ihe
11m
nf Florenee.
The m,nner of lile fi rO enjoined Ihis order IVas,
thal Ihey dweh in (epaute eells, alld met logelher on·
Iyal the time of prayer: Some of them, during the
tlVO
Itnts of the
year,
obferved an invioldble filtnee;
and others, fo .. the fpaee
01'
ary
hundred ¡J,tys. On Sun·
days anu ThurCJays
lh~y
fed on herbs, ,nd the "O of
the