831 / 844
B U R
of fdr·murder "'ere privately depofi,ed in ,he ground,
withollt lhe
~ccu(l{'lmcc1
rolcmnitic5.
Among the Jews,
the privilegc uf buri"l \Vas dcnicd ooly to
fel f-murder–
crs, who
\VeTe
thrO\\'n
(mt
to
rOl
upon the ground. In
the Chril1:ian chureh,
IhOllgh
good meo always defired
(he privilege of
¡nferruen!,
y([
they
weTe
oat, like
lhe
heathens, fo conccrned ror their bodies, as to think
it
any dctriment to them,
ir
cithcr lhe barbaril), of
3D
e–
nemy. or
rome
other accident, deprived rhemof this prí–
vilege. Thc primitiye Chrinian chureh denied lhe more
folemn ri,eo of burial only 'o unbap,ized perfons, felf–
murderers, and excummunicated
perroos
who cantínutd
obrtinate and impenitent, in a
manifen
contempt of lhe
chureh', ceoCures.
T he place of burial among ,he J ew, was never par–
' ieularly de,erOlined. ' Ve find ,hey had gral'es in ,he
town and
country, upoo the highways, io gardens, aod
upon A1ounraios. Among the Greeks, the temples were
made
repofitories for lhe dcad io the primitívc ages ;
yet lhe general cullom io laner ages, with them, as
well as with the Romans and other heathen nations,
was to bury their dead wíthout their cities, and chicf·
Iy by ,he
highw.ys. Among ,he primi,ive ehril!ians,
buryiog in cities \Vas not allowcd for lhe firfi three
huodTed yeaTs, nOT in churches for many ages afteT,
,he de.d bodies bcing f¡rfl depofi,ed iD ,he a"ium or
church -y:trd, and porches and rorticos of the ehurch:
heredi,ary burying·place. were forbidden ,ill ¡he
J
2th
century. As
ca
the time of buríal, Wilh all lhe cere·
monies accompanying ¡t, fee the anicle
FUNERAL·
R1T ES.
BU RICl(, a ,owo of ,he duehy of Cleves, in ,he eirde
.
ofWdl phaJia in Germaoy, fituated
00
the river Rhine,
• bout ,wen'y mile. fou,h of Cleves: E. long.
6° 5',
N . I. ..
51 ° 35'.
nURLESQ!JE, a fpeeies of compofi,ion, whieh , ,ho'
a
greAt eng\ne of ridicuJe, is not co06ned tOthat fub·
j<a; for i, i, dearly diflioguilhable in'o burlefque
that excite' laughtcr merely, and burlefque that excites
daifion or ridicule.
·A
grave fubjea, in whicR there
is no impTopriety, may be brought dowo by
a
certain
rulouring fo as tO be rifible, as in Virgil T raveflie;
the aUlhllr
(ira
laughs at evcry turn, io order tO make
his readers laugh. The Lu"in i.
It.
burlefque poem
of ,he other fon, Iaying hold of a low and 'rifling in·
cident to
expofe
lhe Juxury, indolence, and cootenlious
{piTit of a fet of monks. boileau, the author, turns
the fubjea
Imo
ridieule by dreffing it in ,he he·
roie llyle; and alTeéting to confider
it
as
of lhe utmofl
dígnitY ,lOd importanee. T bough ridicule is the poet's
aim,
he alwl)'s carries a grave face, and never once
bewrays a fmile. The oppo«tion be,ween ,he fubj.a
2.nct
the rnanner of handling
it,
is what produces the
ridicule : and rherefore, in
a
compofition of this kind,
no
¡mage
profdredly ludicrous ought to have quarter,
lJecau(e fueh ¡maces den TOy the eontrar\:.
Though the burlefq ue thar aims at ridicule, prodll.
ces
its
effells by elevatinc lhe Oyle
fu
aboye
the
{ub·
je~t,
yet lhe roet ought
lO
confine him(df lO fu t:h
¡Ola·
ges as al e livc1y, and re,dily apprehended. A nrain–
ed
e1evadon, foaring abo\'e thc orJinJTy Teach
oE
Jan·
B U R
cy, makes not a plearant imprefTion. The mind
i,
foon dirguned by being kep' long on ,he flre,eh . Ma–
ehinery may be employed in a burlefque poem, fueh
as the LUlrin, .the D ifpcofary, or Hudibras. wlth
more fllcce(s and propriety than in aoy other fpe.
cies of poetry. For burlefque poem., ,hough ,hey
arrume lhe air of hiClory, give entertainment ehieAy
by
theír plear.1nt and ludícrolls pi(lures :
It
is not the
aim
of fueh a poem 'o raire fympathy; and for ,ha, rea.
foo, a nriét imitation of nature is not nece(fary. And
hencc, the more extr,lvagant the machinery
in a luCti.
crous poem, the more entertaioment ir affords.
BU RLlNGTON, a fea-pon 'own in ,he Eaflltidiog
of Yorkfhire, fituated on the Germao ocean, about
'hiny-feven mil.. nonh·tafl of York: E . long.
JO',
and N.
Iat.
54°
J
5'.
lt
gives ,he ,itle of ead 'o a braneh of
,he
noble
family of Boyle.
Nt'tu
BURL I NGTON,
the capital of New.Jerrey, in
North
Americ~;
filuated in an ifland of Ddawar ri.
ver, abou, twen,y miles nonh of Philadelphia: W.
long.
74°'
and N. la..
40° 40'.
BURMANNIA, in bo,any,
a
genus of ,he hexandria
monogyni. claf.. The ealix is Ihlped like a prifm,
coloured and divided i010 three fegOlcms, ",ith mem.
branaceous angles; the petals are three; the capfule
is ,hree·eeJled ; 'and .he feeds are very GnaJl. There
are only two fpecies. none of them
natives~f
Britam.
BURN, in medicine aod fllrgeTy, ao injury received
in
any pan of ,he body by fire. See MEDI C'N E, aod
SURG ERY.
BURNET, in honny. See PonRluM, and SANGU I
SORBA •
BURNHAM, a marke,-,own of Norfolk, abollt
25
mile. nonh·wefl of Norwich: E. long.
50',
and N.
la..
53°.
BURNING, ,he aélion of fire on fome pabulum, or
fuel, by which rhe minute parts thereof are pUt ioto a
violent motÍon, and
fQme
of thero afT'umiog the natme
of tlre themfelves, Ay off
il/
or!Jtm,
while the rell are
diffip~ted
io form of vf\pour, or reduced to alhe,.
SeeFtRE.
BURN 1NG,
or
BR ENN I NG,
in
our old cunoms, denote9
an infeélious difea(e, got io the fiews by converling
wi,h lewd women, and fuppofed ' o be ,he fame with
what we now call the venereal difeafe.
In a manurcrip' of ,he voea,ion of John Bale 'o
,he binlOprie of Olfory, wrimn by himfelf, he fpe.k,
of Dr. H ugh We(1on, who \Vas dean of Wiodfor, in
'556, bu. deprived by cardinal Poie for adul,ery,
thus : "At this day is JeacheTous Werton, who is
more prallifed io the ans of breech-burning, than all
the whores of the fiews. He not long ago brent
a
begg'f of S,. Bo,olph's parilh ." See Snws.
BURNIN G,
in antiquity,
a
wayofdifpofing of the dead,
mllch pratlifcd by the áncicnt Greeks and Romans.
and (lill re,.ined by f. veral nations
in.
bo,h ,he Earl
ano
·WeflIndies.
Eullathius afligns t\Vo reafons why burnin:! carne
to
be
oC
fo
general
\lfc in Grcecc
i
lhe
lidl
i~,
bc:n ufe
IJodil9
":ere
thou~ht
to
be undean after
[he
foul~s
de–
parture,