1000000029

B U L

A(te<. the r..ding of the bull, the pope throw. a burn–

ing loreh into the publie place, to denote lhe thund..

of this anathema.

G"/'~n

BULL. aD

edia,

or imperial

cpnllitution,

mtl.de

by the emperor Charles IV. reputed tO be the magna

ch¡¡rta, or the fundamental

law

of the GerOlan empire.

i, ealled golden, becauCe il

has

a golden Ceal, in

the form of a pope's bull, tied with ycllow and red

cards of filk:

UpOD

one ficle is (he 'emperar repre·

feoled fitting on his throne, and on the other

,he

ca–

'pitol of Rome.

i, alCo ealled Caroline, on Charle.

IIV', aceount. T ill the publieation of lhe golden bull,

lbe farm and ceremony of the elcKlion of an emperar

vJ' re dubious and undctermined, and the number of

th~

eleélors not fixed. This Colemn ediél regulated

lhe funétions, rights, privileges, and pre·eminences of

the elcélars. The original, wbich is in Latin, on

veUum, is prefervcd

Frankfort :

lhis

ordonnance,

contaioing thirty artides, or chaptcrs, was

approved

of by all the prinee, o( the empire, and remain

¡UlI

force.

BULLA, in zoology, a genu. belonging to the order of

vermes

teClacez.

is an

i\nimal of the Cnail·kind

The fhell confifis of one

valve,

convoluted, and with–

out any

prickles; the

aperture

is narrowit'h, oblong,

longitudinal, and eatire at the baCe; the columella is

{moolh

and

oblique.

There are

twenty·tluee

fpecies,

motl of

them natives of

lhe

Afiatic and Atlaotic

o·

ceaos.

BULLJE, in Roman antiquity, ornaments at firfi giveo

ooly to Lbe fono of noblemen ; though af,erwards they

became of more common ufe.

This

ornament

was

firtl

giveo

Tarquiníus with the prretex1a

his fon,

who had, with his

O\VO

hand, al founeen years of age,

killed an enemy. Thus we find the bulla was a fign

triumph . Macrobius

relates, that the

children of

freed meo were

aJlowed to wear the prztexta,

aod,

inllead of the golden bulla, a leathero one, about

their neeks: ThoCe bull", were made hollow within '"

incloCe amuleta againll envy.

&c,

When the youth

arrived at fifteen years of age, they hung up their

bull", about Lbe neek. of their gods lares, We are

farther informed,

that the

bull~

were

nOl

only hung

about

the necks of young

meo,

but of

horres

alCo.

DULLEN, a term uCed by eountry people (or hemp–

nalks peded.

BULLET, an iron or leaden ball, Qr fhot, wherewith

fire-arms are loaded. Sce

BALL.

BUL~.rNGBROKE,

in geography. See DOLtNG-

BROO K.

BU LLION , uneoined gold or fil,er in the mafs.

T hoCe metals are called fo, eilher when Cmehed

from

the

nadve

ore,

and

not

perfeétly refioed;

when they are perfeétly refioed, but melted down in

bars or

ingots, or in

any unwrol.lght body, of any de–

gree of

finenrfs .

When gold and fi lver

are in lheir

purity, they.are

fo (oft and flexible, that they eannot well be brought

ioto aoy fafhioo for \Ife, without b..::og

fir~

reduced

and hardc::ned

with ;¡o

alloy of fome otht:r

!Jaler

metal.

To prevent theCe abuCes, which fome OIir,ht be

VOL.!. NUOlb. 29.

B U N

te~pled

lo eommit in ,he making

fueh alloy., the

leglf)ators of ci\lilizcd countries have ordaincd,

lh<lt

lhere fhall be no more

lhan

certaill

proportion of a

baCer metal to

particular quantity of pllrc gold or

filver, io order lO

make

them of the

finencCs

of WhilC

is ealled the llandard gold or rolver of Cueh a eountry.

Aeeordinc tO the law. of England,

.11

fons of

wrought plate in general,

ought tO

be made to

lhe

legal f1 andard; and the priee of our llandard gold and

fil ver is the common rule whereby tO

fel

value

their bullion, whether the fame be in ingots, bus,

dull, or in foreign Cpecie: whence it is eafy

tO COR"

ceive that

the

value ofbullion

cannor

be exaélly known,

without bcing firCI alf'yed, that the

.",,(t

quaotity

of pure metal thereio contained may be

determined,

and eonCequently whether it be above

belolV the

Clandard.

Sil

ver

and gold,

whether

coined-or uocoined,

(tho'

ufed for a

common meafure

of other things),

are

lers a commodil'Y, than wine,.

tobatco,

or cloth; and

may, in many

caCes,

be exported as much to the na.

tioni\1 advantage as

any

other corumodity.

BULLOCK, Lbe Carne with an OX, or gelded bull.

See Hos.

BULLY· T~EE,

botany. See

CHRYSOPHYLLt1M .

BULTEL, a term uCed to denote the refuCe

meal aft'e,

dreffing, or

the

cloth wherein

is dreAed, otherwifc

ealled bulter-c1oth.

BULWARK, in the "neient fortifieation. See

RAM–

PA RT .

BUMICILLl, a religiou. rea of Mahometans in Egypt

and Barbary, who Fretend to. 6ght with devils, and

co0101only

ap~ar

io a fright and covered with wounds

aod bruiCes.

Abollt

the

fuI!

moan

they counterfeit

combat io

lhe

prefcnce of all the people, ,which lafh

{or

t\VO

three

hours, and is

performed

with

afTa–

gaias, or javelins,

till

they

Call

down quite rpent; in

a liule time,

howcver,

they recover'their

fpirits, get

up, aod walk away.

BUNGAY, a marktt-town

Su!folk, Gtuated on

t~e

river 'Vavenoy, about

thiny..

two miles

north-ean

Bury: E. Ion.

35',

and N , lato

51°3)'.

BUNGO, or BONGO. Se. BONGO.

BUNIAS, in botany, a

geDus

,the

tctradynamia fili.

quora c1afs.

The

pod

is deciduous, q\li\drangular.

and the angles are unequal

and

termínate

fharp

points.

Thcre

are four fpecies, ooly one

which,

vil.. the

cakiJe,

fea.rocket,

¡s a

nalive

of Britain.

BUNDLE, • eolleélion of lhings wrapped up ,ogether.

balle-ropes. harneCs-plates, and glover's knives,

ten make a bundle::; of hamburg yun,

tWeOly

fkeans;

baO<et-rods,

th rce fcet

about

lhe

b:mJ.

BUNIUM, in bot. ny,

genus

th. pentandria digy–

nia clars.

The

corolla

uniform; the

umbelltt.

thick;

aod

the fruit

oval.

There

but

one fpe–

cies, viz. the bulbocaUanum. carth ..

nut,

kipper-nut,

pig.nul, or

hawk-nut, a native of

Britain.

BUNK.

orBuNKEN ,

inthe::materia.medica. SeeLEu"

C"'CA~T HA.

BUNT

a fail,

the OIiddle pa" of it, forOled derogn–

ed!y ,ioto a

b~g

or eavilY, that Lbe Cail m.y

ga,~cr