16 / 844
A TI TI
Ionninfl lhe
(ririmal
funCtio:15 ;
but in
(be
J::!(h century
tJlerc Utere
alH:llcs
in
Spclin who
gd\ e b<:ncdil!iions,
and
coofcOeu peorA" of bo,h
[c~"'.
ABBli:V1LLE, • large e¡'y of Piecardy io Frooee, ly–
~og
yO
miles nonh of
Piuis,
in
50.
7. N.
lat.
¡:Uld
l .
o. E. loog.
AUBEY,
J
rcligious
hourc~
S!m'crncd
hy 3n
abbot, whcre
pCrran9 retire {rom {he world.
(O
fpcnd thcir time in
folitudc and dcvodoD.
Uy
tbe inventioo of
maRes
for tlle' living
and
(he dead,
-di(pco(.nions,
jubitl!cs,
indulr,cnces, &c. the :tbbc)'s
proculcd
(uch Jarge pri–
vileges,
eKcmptior.s,
i'lnd donations,
thal,
when [hefe
houres were ,otally abolilhcd in EngJaod by Heory
VllI. to lhe number of 190, 3n
yt:arly
rcvcn'Je of
L.
2.853,000
rcvertcdi.o the
crOWD.
ABBEY-BOYLE, a tOIVO in the COUnty of Roreom–
moo in [reland.
A BBOT, ,he r"pe, io, of
M
. bbey or eoovent of monks.
lo the firl!
'bes
of CbriJtiaOl'Y, ,he abbo,s were ploin
difiDtcrcHed meo, and li\led contentcd
WiUl
the
go~
vernmcnt of their monat1crics, which
\VeTe
gcnerally
ereded in the mon folitary pans: but btiog ealled
from thcir derens to oppore the herefies in
llic
church
r
they foon began
[O
cnrertain fcmimcms of ambicion,
and endeavoured
(O
lhake off theír dcpcndency on (he
bilhops. Henee arofe ¡he dillin&ons of
milrd obóoll,
crojiued
l óóoll,
tEculJ/(Júcal
ahbo/J, cardinal
abbotl ,
&c.
The principal diUindioo ",hidl fubfills at prefent among
abbots, is that of
rt~ltltlr
ilnd
cDnmundalory ;
(he former
of which t3ke (he row, and wear lhe habit of che or·
dcr ; lhe Ianer are
reculars.
tbough tbey are
obliccd
tO
take arders at the proper age. Befare tbe Refar·
matioo
in
England, there
weTe
abbots eleéLive and re–
prefeDtativc; fome mitred, and olhers nat. T he mi–
tred abbou wcre ioveficd \Virh epifcopal authority
'WÍthin their own Jirnits, independent of the biJhop;
bu. ,he o,hers
\Vere
rubjed tO
,he
dioccrao in aJl fpi–
ritual gO'lernment. The tnitred abbots were Lords of
parliameDt, of which oumbe.r Sir Edward Coke ree·
kons 27, who
[al
in
plrliamenr,
bcfides t\Vo Lords
Priars.
j.BBREVIATE
o[ odjudico/ionl,
in SeolS lalV, anab–
firaé't or abridgrneDt or a deereet of adjudication, which
is reeorded in a regiller kept for that purpofe. See
SCOTS
LI.\V,
title,
Adju.dica/ionl.
ABBREVIATION, or ABBREV IATU . E, implies the
fu~lli,u,ion
of a fyluble, le'ter, or eharader, fOl" a
whole word.
ABBREVIAT OR, a perroo
\Vbo
abridge. any large
book ioto a narrower compafs.
AIlBREV IAT ORS, a eollege of 72 perfoos in the chao–
cery ol' Rome, who draw up the pope's brieves, and
reduce pctitions ioto proper formo
ADRREVOIR, a term in maronry, expreflive of cer–
tain 'ndentures made in the joints or bcds or nones,
whieh beine filled wi.h
,he
cerneO! or monar, bind
them 6rmer
to~cther.
AIlBROCHMENT. See AnRoeHME s·r.
ABDUTTALS, fignify the bUlling' or boundiogs of
land towards any point. L imits were :::.nciently dimn–
guifhed by artifiCIal hiJlock" \Vhieh IVere e311ed
bOlrn-
A TI E
lintl.
nnd hcnce
ÚUlIlIIg.
In a dcfcription or the fite
of land. the lides on the breadrh are more properly
adj'acelJ/o,
~lId
tho[e terminating lhe Icngth are
IIblm–
lanUI
j
which, in old
flll'veY5,
were fometirncs 'cx–
prc(lcd
by
capitarc,
tO bcad ; whencc at"buuaJs 'are
now callcd
!Jead laniJ.
ABCASSES, a peoplc or eouotry iD Afia, fi,uate 'be–
l WCtll
Circaffia,
che
I3I,¡ck·[e;t., and
Mingrelia.
AIlC DA1UA, in barany, • fynonime of
,he
,·e..belin.
acmcll;¡. Sce
VERIIES1 NA .
.ABCDAR
Y,
or ABeDARlAS, an epi,hctapplied to eom–
poG,ions, whore
paIl'
are dirpofed in
3"
alphabctieal
order.
ABDALS, or
¡.rcon/I
.(
Cod,
io the Eallern eooo–
tries ; furions enthufiaíls, who frequl!ntly run about
the ltrccts, d.ll.oying all wbo differ from !hem in re–
ligious opinions.
ABDE LAV1, io bo,any, a Dame ured by A rabian wri–
ters ror a fpccics uf cucumis. Sec
CUCUM JS.
A BDEST, a t<rm ured for ,he legal purifieations' by
water, pra,élifed among the
~1allometans
and Pcrfian:i
before they begin lheir rcligious ceremotlies.
ABD ICARIAN
prop?Jilion,
iD Jogie, the lame ",i,h a
negati\'c one. Sec Loe
I
e, and
PropoJitioll.
ABDICAT10N, !he adion of renounctng "br gil'ing up
an ofliee.
ABDOMEN, in ana,omy, i, th. t par! of the trunk of
the
body
which Jics betweeo the thorax and lhe uot–
tOmOr the pelvis.
SeeANATOMY,
pan Vr.
A BD UCTION, a form of rc.rooing amoog logician.,
which con(j(ls in drawing conclufions froOl ceuain and
uodeniablc propo(jtions. See LOG
le.
AB DUCT I O~J
in [urge')', a fpecics of fradure whcrein
the bro!cen pans of the hone recede from each olhcr.
See
S URCER\',
Offranuul ...
ABDUCTOR, in anatomy, the name of reveral murcie.
which ferve tO open or rlraw
~ack
the pans tO wmch
they are fixed.
Sec ANATOM \',
Part VI.
./'lBEL-TREE,
or
ABELE-T REE,
anobfolete name for
a rpeeies of ,he poplar. See PO PULU'.
ABE LlANS, AB ELO' TES, or ABELONlA NS, a feél of
herenes ,hat fprung up oear Hippo in Afriea duñng
the reign of Arc"d'\ls. T hey had one ¿iflioguiO,iog
2nd extraordin:ary tenct, which was to marry, but
De~
ver tO confUOlmatc.
ABELMOSCH, or AOELM USCH , io botany, the tril'ial
name of a [pccies of the hibifcus . 'Sce
HIBI SCUS .
ABENSBURG, or AB&NSP ERG, a finall ,own in
n.·
varia, on the river i\ben:'e, Dcar the
D anube.
ABERBROTHOCK, ooe of the royal boroughs
oE
Scotland, fituatcd in the COUnty of Ang\1s, abour 40
miJt!s nonh of Eáinburgh. In wefl
JO:'lg.
is 2. : 0.
.od N . l. t. 56.
30.
There w"' formerly one of ,he
richeH monancries in Scodand in this to\\'n.
Jt
wa;
founded by King W illiam of Seotland .bout .be year
JI 70,
in honour of Thcmas Heckct Archbin,op of
C2nterburYJ with whom he is faid
tO
havc been in–
tiI1l3tclyacqua;ntcd. This mona(fery reccived confi–
c1erahlc don;ttiol'iS from
GiJchri(l
Ead of Angl1!, and
Gdbred his roo.
It
IVas polfdr.:d by ,he nlOnk, of S.
lleone!. T he inhabitan"
of
Aherbro,kotk, fe r ,he
f:
~c