1000000031

737 / 868

s u p
SULPHUR. See CHEMtSTRY, p. 72, 1\8.
SULTAN, a ,ille of honoor, given ' o ,he empero, of ,he
Torks. T he wife of a fultan is called fohaoa, and ,he
favourité one hhafeki -fultana, í . e. the private fultana.
SUi\1, fignilles (he quantity l hat adres from the additlon
of (\Vo or more Rlagnitunes. numbers, or qUiotities 10-
gether S~e AR ITHMETICK.
SU ·\1ACH, '" bOlaoy. See RHU S.
S TR-\. ' 0 iO, nd in ,he -iodiao oce. n, (¡·u.'ed
bt.l ween 930 __ nd 1040 E ; long. aod between SO 30' N.
J.H. and 5("1 30' S. lat. extendlog from north-welt lo loúth·
eaa, nine: hl:tndred miles I(mg, and from One hUlldred to
.one hUDd,ed and fif,y broad.
S U.:vIM"RY, iDm."ers of li,e,alure. See A aRl ocE '
Ml:.NT
SUMME 't, one of ,he fe.fon, of 'he yea,. commencio~ iD
thde non hern regtons on th~ day (he fun enlers Citncer,
and endmg when be qUltS V irgo. Sce ASTRONOMY,
p 554
SUMMIT. rhe ,op or oertex of aDy body, o, tigure; ..
of a triangle, cone, pyramid, &e.
SUMMONS, io Scois l.w. S-,. LAW, T ic xxx. 28.
SUN. '" a(booomy. See AsrROHO MY, P 435.
S UN. FLOWER . In botany. See H ELIANTHUS.
S UNDA_l 'L ANO~, ,hofe ú,ua,eJ oear ,he 11r..., ofSuDda,
in (he (ndielDo~e:an ; the chicf of which are BorDco, Ja–
V'\, Sum;,ltra , Oc. Sce BORN EO, 6,.
SUND >\Y, o, ,he LORO 'S-DAr, a (olemo fellioal obferved
by Ch ·tlliao. 0 0 ,he. ti, t1 day of eoery week, iD memory
of ou r Saviour's refurreGbon.
This is lhe priDcipal aDd mon DOled of .he Chriniao
feUivals . and was obferved with great vcneration iD the
¡¡neient charch, [rom lhe time of the apoftles, who them–
felves are often raid to have met on that day for divine
f«vice. lt is likewife c,lJed ,he Sabbath-d.y. a. be;og
{ubrti,uled in lbe ,oom of lhe Jewifh fabbalb. See
S ABBATH .
The ancicpu retained lhe Dame Sunday, or di(J flliJ,
io complianée with lhe ordinary form s of fpeech, the fjrn
day of ,he week beiog fo calJed by ,he Romans, bec.ufe
it was dedicated la the wodhip of lhe fun.
SUN DERLAND. a pon-lown of Durham, (¡'ua'ed on
the German fea, at lhe mouth of lhe river Warc, tcn
miles nonh-e.n of Durham ci.y.
SUNT GO\V, a ,erri,ory ih ,he cirele of 'he UppCT Rhioe
in Germaoy, bounded by Alf. ce on ,be oorth ; by the
river Rhinc, which div.des ji fram the Bnrgow, 00 the
•aíl; by S \Vitzerlaod on ,he (ou'h; and by Fu.che–
Compte 00 the wc:H.
SUOVETAURILIA, an anc"Dl Roman (.crifice, fo call–
ed b;!c!urt" it c.:Jl1li(kd o' a pi ! (fUJ ). a ihecp. or rathH
ram (ovil). aod a hui , (ta. ·'I/.) Th. y we,e all ""les,
to denote l hl" ma cul;r,,: \:OUl ",!e of th~ Rom¡n people.
JI was likewlCe r"iJ~d folit 't1t Jia bec.aure the aotrn~1s of.
fered up were ,h'ay' (Jo/uta ) ",hole o, DO ·ut.
SUPERC-\RGO.• p"roo empt.'yed by m<rchan" 10 &0
a vuyage, anJ overCee their e.ugo. or JaJing, and diCpofe
of il tO Ihe beft .td.. ..t:lngc.
SUPERC'l!.IUM. io aoatomy. S<e AN ATOMY. p. 294.
SUPEREROG ~ nON in thn lon. wh1t a m. n doe. be.
yond his dut)'J or more th.1n he' '-as comrnanded 10 do.
SUPioRfET \ ~ION, , fecon.l. or . f,er eon cep,ion , hap–
perung, wheo ,he !I:Iomer, already pregn. Dt, <s of
s U P
a lalter coition : fa that (he bears at once t\l/Orcetucc:s of
unequal age .J1d bulk, . nd i, delivered of .hem a' dif–
fcreot time'S. We meet.with ,inflanees of Cupe:rfcetatioDs
in H,ppocrates, A riflotle, D u Laureos, 6c. But they
are f¡ud te be mtJch ruare: freque:nt iD hares and fows .
N "turaldls hold, tbat rem..le r<11S are frequeotly born
Wilh young rats In their wombs;' and we'are 10Id oi ex·
traoHllnuy infhoces of thlS klod in the femaJe pan of
lhe human fpecies. by BarthoJioe, :Menrzehus, and in
,he hlJtory 01 ,he Royal Academy 01 Scieoces.
SUPERFI CIES, or SURFAe,. iD geometry, a magnitude
conliaert:d as ha'Ying two dtmt:nlions; or extended in
lengrh and brt:.tdlh, bUI wuhout thickoeCs or deptb .
SUPERFINE, lO ,he m. ouf,aories, a 'erm uled ' o ex–
prets {he Jupr:riaüve 6nent:fs of a ftuff' ; chus a c101h, a
camblet oc. are raid tO be fupt:rflne, wheo made Qf the
fi n.n wODI, &c. or wheD 'hey are ,he fineíl ,h.. can
be made.
SUPERINT ENDANT, io ,he French c.,noms, an officer
who has ,he prime managc:ment and direétlOD of lhe Ú4
Dan ·eo:. or revt:nues of lhe kiog.
SU PERIO~, fomet htng raifed above aDolher, O, lha< has
a ri:ht lO command ~nother.
SUPERI OR, In Scon Jaw. See L A\V. Tito x 3.
SUPERL ....TIVE. io g,ammar, one of ..he ,hreé degree,
of comparifon. beiog thal ¡nSeétloo of nouns.adjeélive
that rerves lO' augment and helgnten their figniticatioo,
and fhew, lhe qoality of the lhiog deoo'ed 'o be in ,he
hi~hen degree. See GRAMMAR.
SUPERNUMERARY, fome,hlng ove' aod abooe a fi xed
Dumber. ID f4vt:l'al of the oAlces are fuperoumerary
clerks, tO be re¡dy on extraordinary occafions.
SUPERSEDEAS in law, is a w,i, whiéh lies in dive..
cal(os, and in general fignífies a commaod to llay fome of
the ordínary procc:edings in law, which, on good caure
lhewn, ought not (O proceed.
SUPERSTI nON, extravagao, devo,ion, or religion
wrong dlreaed or conduél~d.
SUPERVISOR, a fa,veyor or overfeer.
It was rOrR,erly, aad llilJ remains, a cunom among fome
ptrfons, to appoint a fupervdor of a wiJl , lO fee that che
execa,"rs lhe,eof do puoau.JJy obferve a. d perfotm ,he
fame .
SUPINA:fION, iD aO.lomy, lhe aélioo of a f.pina.o r.
murcie, or lhe motian whereby it turos lhe hand fa as
th,a the pa)m is Jiflt:d up low:uas heaven.
StTPINATOR, in .n.tOmy. See ANATOMY, p. ' 98.
SUPPLEMEN r, in maner. of Ji,era,ure .0 appeodage
to a I'.ook. to fupply what is wanting therelD.
SUPPORTED, in heraldry, a 'erm appJied 'o lhe upp. r·
pe,mo(\ qua" e" of • Ihield when divided in,o feo..al
fiuaners, theCe Ceeming as it were fupponed or CuHalned
by ,hofe below The chief is (.id ' o be fuppo"ed wheo
it is of tWO colours. and the ttp¡x-r colour takt:s up tWO
t.birds of i, . lo ,his cafe it is lupponed by ,be colour
undt rnealh .
SUPPORTERS, iD be,aldry, figures io .n .,chievemeot
plae,d by ,he (¡de of .he fh ield. aod leemtog ' o (upport
or hold up .be (. me. Suppo"ers are chteBy figures of
bean:· : figu res of homan crea{urc:s. for the Jike porpofe,
are J'rope11v called leoanu
SUPPOSITORY, :< kiod ofmedicited cone. or ball, ,hicb
j, ilUroduced 'o ,he iDU' for openiog lhe belly. SUt'PO–
fi,orie,