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S H A sS r S H E
SEVER ~l\CE, in lalll, lhe fingling cr Ceparaling of I\VO
or more joincd in one wrn.
SI. SEVERl O, a cuy of N.ples, in lhe provinee of Ca.
labri .., lituated caO longiludc ) 7° 30', nonh laL 390
16', This is airo (he n;\ntc of a lown in ,he pope's ter_
rhades anti of Ancona, fi luatcd tWCnty miles
(omh·ean·of L ore"o.
SEVERN, a river 01 Soulh.Bri..in, whieh rifing in Monl·
gomcrylhirc. runs caH lill it coters Shropl'hire; and ha–
ving p,lfed by Shrewlbury lDroS (oulh, and difeharges
ilftlr inlo lhe B"nol ehannel.
SEVI LLE, • cily of Spain, capital of lhe p,ovinee of An·
dalufia, Gluated 00 lhe river GuadalquivlI : in \,v. loog.
6°, N. lal. 37° IS'.
SEWER, in lhe houfebold, .n o/lieer \IIho comes in before
(be meH of a king or noblemen, to p1ace and range it
on lhe lable.
S EW E R is airo a palTagc or guner made to carry Wiltcr ioto
the fea or a r¡" er, whcrcby to prcfcrve ,he land, &c.
{rom inundations and other annoyó! nces.
SEX, fomelbiog '" lhe body \IIhieh d,nioguilbes male from
female.
SEXAGENARY, fomelhing relaliog 10 lhe Dumber fixly:
thus fexagcouy OT fexagelimal arithmctick , is a method of
computation proceediof by fixties. Sce ARITHMETICK,
p. 4 18.
SEXAGES1MA, lhe feeood Sund.y before Lenl, or ,he
oeXl 10 Shrove Suoday, fo c.1I.d .s boing .bou, lhe h–
lielh day before E ..ller.
SEXAGES IMAL S. See AR'THMET'CK, p. 418.
SEXTANS, a fixlh pan of eellaln lhlngs. The Romans
havíng divld:-d thcir 01 inro twelve ounces, or unica, the
fixth pan of thal, or t WO ounees. ,",'as the fextans.
Sextans was alfo a meafure wbieb contaioed two ouo·
cu or liquor, or two cy_th ..
SEXTANT, in malh(m"ieks, denOles lhe fiXlh pan of a
cirele, or:lO areh eomprehcnding rixly degrt"es.
T he word fexunt is more panícularly u.r~d for an a·
flronomical inflrument made Iike a qu~drant, excepting
lhal its limb oDly eomprebends fiXly degrees.
SEXT1LE, lhe POfilioo or a(pe{t of 114'0 plane.. when al
fi Xly degrees diflanee, or al lhe d,Haoee 01 lWO figos
from ooe anOlher.
SEXT ON, a enureh·officer, \IIhofe bufinefs is 10 take eare
of the ve(fds, vellments, 6c. beJon,giog 10 the church,
2nd 1" attcnd the míniCler. church-Wiud:ns, &c-. at church.
SEXTUPLE, in mufiek, denoles a mixed 1011 of Ir'ple
which is beaten in double time. See rvIu sI e K.
SEXUALlSTlE, among bounical \IIrilers, ,hof. who have
eflablilbed lhe clalfes of pl' nlS opon ,he d,fiú,ne.. of
lhe fexes and pan_s or fru(l,úc.Hion in pl ... nts . accC'lrrhng
lo the modero method, as L innzus, 6c. Sc;e BOTA–
NV . p. 643.
SEYNE, • ri." of Fronee, \IIhieh ri(,ng near Dijon. in
Burgundy', runs nonh· ,,-,di throtl¡;h Ci "mp"c;oe dnd lhe
in,. or Franee, throu$!h P"ns. &r. olOr. nolTi, g NQrmolo–
dy falls in'o lhe ll""lh chJond bClwcen H..vrc·dc·Cr4e<
aod Honflt"l1r.
SHAD, In ,eh,hyolngy. See CLUPEA.
SH ~ now. In OplIC~. íI prlVcl.l or, (,r cI'nioul ion of lig"',
by Ihe 100l'rpr.fil·('n o( anv opd_e búdy ' Uf It I~ a pl.lne
wh(:tc the Jir.k I! cithcr ahlJ1:,uht r ob{bu .. eJ, ur fH:at-
Iy w.,krned, I.y lhe inlerpofiliOD of fome bJdy
bttwcen 11 and ,he lumlOilry.
SHADO\V, in p ..iotiAC, ao imitarían of a real fll:ldo\V, cf.
(e{ted by g"du.lly heighlening and dal kentng Ihe eolou..0r fuch figures as by Ih~ir dilpoliti.ons C;tr.not receive any
dlretl rays from Ihe lunllnary lha! 1$ fuppufcd la coJightcn
[he piece.
SHAFT oj" colllllln, in building, is Ihe body lhereof be–
lllleen lhe bar. and CApi,al: fo colled rrom i" IIraighloefo,
SHAFT, in mming. is cbe pit or hollow entrance iAto che
mlOe.
SHAFTSBURY, a borough of Dorf..lhire, lweoly.five
nllJes north·eaít of Doreheller ; from \vhenee the: nob!e
family of Cooper look lhe lille of earl. !t feod' lWO
members to parliament.
SHAG, in ornllhology S.. PELleANus.
SHAGREEN, or CHACREEN, in eommeree, a kind of
graioed.lcather, prepared, as is fuppofed, of the Ikin of
a fpeeies of fqualus, or hound.filb, ealled lhe Ihagree, oc
fha~raio: and much u(ed in covering c<J.fes. booksr Oc_
SHAKLES, iD a Ibip, are lbe rings \Vllh whieh lhe porto
are fhel fafl, by Ialbing lhe pon.bar 10 lhem. Tber.
.Ifo Ibakle, pUl upon bilbow-bolts, for eonSntog lbe OleD
who have deferved corporal puoilhment.
SHAMllLES, among miners, a fon of niehe" or landing
places, Jeft at {ueh dlflanees iD the adirs of mines, th~t
the (hovel men may conveniently throw up lhe ore rrom
flu mble to fhamble, liJI il comes tOthe tOP of lhe mine..
SHi\M~IY, or CHAMOlS. LE ATIHR, a kind of lealher.
dr..lTed either io oil, or tanned; . nd much efieerntd [oc
in fall nefs, pliaDey, and being capable of bearing foap
without hurto
T he Irue fhammy ·is prepared of lbe Ikin of lhe ch·
mois-goat. Sce CAPRA.
SHANK in lhe menage, lh.. pan of a horfe, fore-Ieg
whleh líes belween the koee ;\nd the fedock.
SHANKER, or CHA_eRE. io medicioe. See MUll-
e,"E, p. 132.
SHANNON , ,he largefl river in lreland, whieh rifing io
the county of Ldlnm, ruos Coulhwards. d¡\·idlllg the
provinces of Leinfler and Conoaught ; and then turning
fouth-wdl, run!! through lhe provloce of Munfler; aDd
paffing by lhe eily of Limerie, aflerwards falls iOlO lhe
wefhro or Adantic oeean.
SHf\RE o( "plough, lhal pa" whieh.eulS ,he grouod, lhe
extrtmity rorw.rds beiog eovered with a nloHp-pO:ntcd
iron, callc:d lhe point of the fhare; and lhe end of the
wnod behind, lbe lail of lhe fhare. See Ac ..,ecL–
TURE, p. 54.
SHASTER, or SHASTRAM, a f.ered book, eoolaioing
Ihe leliglon of. lhe it eonfifls of th ree tra(ts;
the údl of which ronuíos their moraJ law; lhe C:cond,
lhe: ceremonial ; and lhe thircl delivers the peculiar 01.>·
(t>rvances Cor caeh tril.>e or lnd¡:los_
SHEAT of" rl."gh, a pUl pafiing lhrough ,he beam, and
r:lficnn! tO Ihe fhare . See ACk I CULTURE. p. 54 ·
Sil E.I\TII I G, in ,he f<a· l.n~\I'ge, is dio CJfing d,.. , part
of a 111'p ""hieh is 10 be undcr water, with lir board of
an ineh thiek i firfl Jayiog h¡¡ir and 13r, mixcd togclhor.
unda lhe boards, Olnd then na¡hnr. thtm on. io order 10
p1 cvent wurlllS frol'n e,uing tlle 111ip's holtom .
SllE.'\.TS, iD • n,ip, are rop" bent 10 ti.., elcws of ,he
J"Js S.