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L
ot'ly from lite lime of tI"ir acceplance. They are ac·
>I~ ji'~?lilj j" fili.lum, i. e. evcry one of Ihern is
anf\\crJbl~, n01only ¡ur his own o,lit"nce, blll for
of his CO·IIlIOrs; "no .!ny or.e Illay be f"o,1 wilhoUI ci·
ting Ihe reIl : RUI he \Vho is c,·noemncd in the whole,
tus :Iltio" of rdid againn his CO·lulors.
13 FromIhis obligalion to diligence, we mal' excepl,
'l . Falh"s or aomtnillrJIors in law, who, Irom Ihe pre·
1ilmplion th"l they aél lOIhe betl of Ihei r pqwa for their
chiloren, .re li.ble onlv fur aélu..! inlromdr.ons. 2 Tu·
tors and CUralOrs ndm~.j by the father, \Vith th, fpecial
provifos, th. I Ihey be liable bardy for intromilr.cns,
nOI for ominions; and that each of them nlall be liable
only for hin.felf, a~d not ill ftlid"1/I for the CO·IUIO" :
,DuI this power of exemption Irom oiligence, is limiled
to the e!tate defcending from Ihe falher himfelf. Tu·
tors or curators ate not int;tI,d tO .ley f.l lary Or al–
lowance fer poin" unlefs a falary h.. been exp,.fsly
contained in the teflator's oomination ; for Iheir oJlic: is
l'refumed graluitous.
14. Though no perfon is obliged lO accept the oflice
of tutor 9r curatot, yet having once accepled, he cannOI
lbrow il up or tenounce il, without fufficient caure; bUI,
ifhe Ihould be guilry of mif:lp plying Ihe minor's money,
'Or fail in any other fan of his duty, he may be re,noved
at Ihe fuit of the minor's next in kin, or by a co·tu.t0r,
cr :co·eurator: Wh<re the mifcondult proceeds merdy
feom indolence, or inmention, the court, in place of
removing Ihe IIltOr, either join a eurator with him, or,
if he be a tutor·nominale, they oblige him tO give caulioo
for his parl and fUlure management.
1í . The ollim of tUIory and euratory expire by Ihe
'PuplI's amining the age of pu~eny, or the mlOor's at·
taioiog Ihe age of IweOly ·one yean complete; and by
the death eilhee of Ihe minor, or of hi, tUtor or cura–
lor.
16. Oeeds eilher by pupils, or by minor! having eu·
Taton without their confe nt, are ouU; but they oblige
the granler" in as far AS relates 10 fums profitably ap'
plied to Iheir ufe. A minor under c'lIalors can indeed
make a tdlament by himfelf; but wl,alever i! exeeuted
in the form of a Gced illler ViVD/, requires the curalor',
(onfent. Oeees by a.minor who has no eurators, are as
dr~etual as if he h3d euralors, and figned them with
their eonfent; he'may even alieo his hetitage, without
Ihe interpofition of a judge.
11 Miools may be rdlored agnir.n aU deeds graitted
,io their minority, Ihat are hunful to IhelO . Dted" In
themfelves void, need nOt Ihe rc.-lJlcdy of renitution ; bUI
wlme hurlful deeds are granted "y a IUlor in his pupil's
pfl'airs, or bv a minor who h., no curator<, as Ihefe
deed, fubfi!l 'in law, reUitutinn is necen;'ry: And c~,n
where • minor.. h.·:'in~ cur.tors, execule, a decd hun fui
to himftif wilh Ihdr confent, he has not only aélion
again(l the eumers, but he ha, Ihe ber.efil of Idlitlllion
agú nn Ihe oecd idd l. The minor eannot he re(lored,
if he dues nOI raife and exeCllle a fllOlmolls for rtducing
the deed, (X (aPi:, 11in.r/'llnilal il '11" . bef. re he
be twtnry.fivc )'ears old. TI" fe four )'ears, herweenIhe
a~e of t.' enty·one ano rll'cnly fi" e, c.U:d q.at1"rlln;vm
~/il(, are ind" l g~rl 10 Ihe Olinor, Ihat ho Ola)' have a
VOL. 11. No. 64' ~
A VI.
re. lLle lime, from tlllt period, when he i! fir(l pre–
fll~I,-,d tooh.tVe the ptrfd \ lile of h's reafon, tO eonfiJcr
wirh ililllfe!f what d""ds dune in his miootilY have bec n
Iruly pr~judicial tO hiOl.
18. Q!cHions of reflilulion are proper io Ihe coun uf
Selfion. Two things OIull he proved by Ihe min0r, in
order tOIhe rcdu,'1ion of the d~eo; l. T.\~t he W:lS mi.
nor when it was figned; 2. That 'he is hurt or lefcd by
the decd. This lofion lllull OOt proeeed merely from ac.
cident; fOt the privilege of rellitul ion w"' oot intenrleJ
to exempt minors from rhe CO~lmon misfonunes of life ;
it mutl be owing tO the imprudence or negligeoce of Ihe
minor, or his eurator.
19. A minor eannol be renored ag, inn his oV/n dclilt
or fraud. 2. Rcllitulion is excluded, if Ihe minor, at
any time .fter majority, has approred of the d ed. either
by a [vrmal ratilie.tion. or tacidy by payment of iOlerel!,
or by other aéts inferring arprobaliun. 3. A minor,
who has taken himftif lO bufioefs. a, a merehant Ihop–
keeper, ó( cannot be reflured againfl aoy deed granted
by him, in the courfe of that bufinefs, efpeciaUy if he–
was proximul tlJlljD"nnilati at figning the deed. 4.
According 10 the more eommon opioion, a minor cannot
be reflored ina que(lionagainll amioor, unlels fome grof,
unfairnefs Ihall be qualified in Ihe bugnin.
20. The privilege of reflimlion does oot always die
wilh Ihe minor himfelf. l . If a minor [umeds 10 • mi–
nor, the time allowed for rellituti"n IS governed by the
minority of the heir, nOt of the ancenor. 2 . If a mi.nor
fucceeds to a major, who was not full twenty.6ve, the
privilege con'tinues wilh the hm during hisminority; but
he canoot avail himfeif of the a1l1Ji ulil", exeept io fo
foe as Ihey ~'ere uoexpired al Ihe anceflor's dealh . 3.
If a major fueceeds 10 a minor, he has ooly Ihe vu«dri–
ennium utile arler the minor's death ; 30d if he lilcceeds
to a major dying within the , uadriwnium. no more oí
il can be profitable to him than what temained wben the
anceflor died,
21 . No minor Can be eompelled tO (late himfelf as l
defender, in any aélion, whereby his herilable eflale fiow–
ioí! frolO afetndants mal' be eviéled from hiOl, by one
prelending a preferable right.
22 . Tltis privilege'is intended merely tO fave minon
from the necellity of difp" ting upon queilions of prefe–
renee; it does not rherefore lake place, 1. Where the
. ét,on is pnrfued on Ihe father's fállhood or odié!. 2.
Upon his ohliC'uion tO eonvey heritage. 3. On his li·
quid bond for a fUllt of money, though luch aélion Ihould
have Iheelfeet tO carryoff the minor'> e(late by a,~judica­
tion 4. Nor in aét,ons purfued by the minor's (uperi–
or, upon ftu lal eafual ies. 5. Thi, privllege cannOI be
pleaded in bar of an aéllon whlCh had heen lirll brou¡;ht
agaioll Ihe f:llher. and isonly conrinlled acainll the OIinor;
nor V/here Ihcfather w.s nu, in the pt;"rablepull; I"un of
the h"rila!>le f"hjcé! at his de'lh Ik fole (he minor can
picad il, he mul! he fmeo heir tOhis f.uher. 'l'he per–
fons of puril, Ue proteéled from impli lonOHnt un CIVil
debls.
23. CUlalon are giren, nN er,l)' lo minors, bUI ill
general to erery one \ ho, citl"'r 'hr,',,!;h Jci', 11 (JI
jud~mtnr, or IInfilncfs of Jilrl,lilion, is lI\Cal'ahle of
t 9 K n~lI tly