875 / 1042
K N O
t!le Brj,;n, poliry, are knigors or gentlrmen of enare,
\\!lo are eleéled, on th; king's wrir, by rhe freehold·
ers of every counry. to reprcfent themin parliament.
The qualifieations of a knight of the fhire in Eng·
land, is
10
be porrdfed of 6001.
per. alln.
in a freeoold
ellm; and in Seotland 4001. Seots valued rent, or
40. fhillings of old exrenr. Their expences during
their fitting.
wer~,
by a natute of Hen.
VI II.
to be
defrayed by the eounly
i
but Ihis is now fearee ever
required.
lCN' CHT'>lUSH AL, an offieer in the king's ooufehold,
who oas jurifdiélionand cognizance of any tranfgrelf,on
wi¡hin Ihe king's oouf,hold and verge ; as alfo of con·
traéis made tocre, whereof
on~
of the hourc is party.
KNlcHn, in a fhip, two thiek fhort pieees of wood,
eommonly car\'ed like a man's head, having four fhi·
vers in eaeh, three for the halyards, and one for the
top·rop:s to run in: one of them nands' fan bolted on
the beams abaft the foreman, and is therefore called
the fore.knight; and the other, nanding abaft the
main maa, is ealled the main kniRot.
h:NOWLEDGE, is defined, by Mr Loeke, tO be ¡he
L A B
L
A,
io mufie, the fyUable by whieh Guido denotes
toe laa found of eaeh hexaehord : if it begins io
e,
it aoflVers to our A; if iD G, to E; aod if iD
F,
to D.
t ABARUM, in Roman antiquity, ¡he aandard borne
before the Ro¡nan emperors; being a rieh purple
areamer, (upponed by a fpear.
LABDANUM, or LADAN UM, a ,eGo ofthe fo(ter kind,
thoo~h
of too fi,m a eonfiaeoee to be ranked among
the fluid ones.
There are two kiods of it kept in the fhops; one
u(uaUy imported io bladders, tO preferve ir in its ge·
nuine fofl confinence, aod tO prevent Ihe evaporation
of its finer parts; artother in roUs, mueh inferior to
the former io purity and virtue.
Labdanum fhould be chofen fo(t ?nd moia, of a
nrong (mell, pure, very inflammable, and diffufiog
~
fragraol fmell whi le burning.
lt
is a refinous juiee
whieh ex(udes from ame of the ei(lus·kind.
In medicine it is ufed externaUy,
10
auenuate and
difcufs tumours; internaJly, il is mote rarely ufed, but
it is greatly extoUed by fome againa eatarrbs, and in
. dyfenteries.
LABEL, in heraldry, afiUet ufually plmd in themiddle
along the ehief of the eoat, without touching its ex·
trcmities. lts bread,h
ought.tobe a ninth part of the
chieL 1t is adorned wilh pcnd.nls; and when there
are above three of thefe, the number mua be fpeeified
in blazoniog.
This is a kind o( addition to the arms cf a recend
VOL . 11. Numb. 6:.
K U T
pereeption of th e eonneélion and agrecmcr.t, or difl'
greement and repugnancy. of our idcas.
KONIGSBURG, a city of Pol,nd, the earital of ducal
Pruflia, and of the king of Pruflia's Polifh dominions,
firuated on the riverPrrgcl, nearabay oflhc13altie (ca,
feveoty miles nolto·eal! of DaOlzick: E. long.
~
¡o,
and N. lat.
54°
40'.
KORAN, or ALCORAN . See MAH OME TAN' SM .
KOS, in j ewifh aotiquity, a mea(ure of eapacit)', con·
taining about (our
cubi~
inches: Ihis was Ihe cup
of
blefling, out o( which toey drank when Ihey gave tbaoks
after folemo me,ls, like that of the parrovcr.
KUR, the aneient Cyrus, a river of Perfia, which rifes
in the mouotains
ofG~orgia,
aod running (ollth ·eal! by
Teflis, unites it nreams with the river Arras (the ao·
eient Arraxes) aod faUs into the Cafpiao fea, Couth
01'
Baku.
KUTUCHTA, among the Calml1e Tartars, the
nam~
of their high·prien, or (overeign pontiff; formerl yonly
the deputy of the delai·lama, Or high.priea of Ihe
Tartars, but at prerent indepeodent
00
him.
L A B
brother, to dininguifh him from the fira, and is eneern·
ed the moa honourable of aU differenee
o •
See Plate
CII.
LABIAL
LETTERS,
rhofe
pTooouoe~d
ehiefiy by meao!
of the lips.
LABIATED
FLOWERS,
monopetalous flowers, confin·
ing of a narrow tube, wilh a wide mouth, divided io·
to two or more.
LABIAU, a port·town of Pruflia, fituated
00
a bay of
the Baltie fea, twentymilesoonh·eaa of Koningfhurg:
E. long.
nO
15', N. lar. 55°.
LABORATORY or ELABORATORY, the ehemin,
IVork.houfe, or the place where they perform theirope·
m ions; where the furnaees are built, Iheir verrcls
kept,
&c.
and in general, Ihe te'tm laboratory, is ap·
plied tOany place where phyfical experiments in pbar–
macy, chemiary, pyrotechny,
&c.
are per(ormed.
See CHEMISTRY, p. ¡08,
&c.
L,~BOUR,
in gcneral, denotes a clo(e applieation to
work or bufine(s. Among (eamen a fhi p is (aid to be
in I.bour, ",hen fh e rolls and lumbles very
nl~ch,
ei·
ther ahuU, under (ail, orat anrhor
.-lt
is alfo fpoke of
a womanin tral'ail orehild binh. SeeM'DWIFERI·.
LABOURER, generally fignilies one that does the
moa
i131'ifh and Icfs artrul pan of a laborious work, as Ihat
of hufhandry, mafonry,
&c.
LABRADOR, al(o eallud New·Drilain. and ElkimauX',
is a eountry in Nonh Ameriea, boundrd by HuMon's
Slr,;ts aod the Atlanlie Ocean. on Ihe nOTlh; by Ihe
fame oteaD, on thecan; by the river of SI.
Lawrcnc~
t
9 G
a.l.i