1000000030

83°

are fel·enly.reven fpecies, priocipally di(lingui!hed by

\h~ir

colour.

The grcate(l quantilY of ifinglars is made iD RuIT",.

We have it principally from Holland, the Duteh con.

ualling for the mo(l of it before it is made.

lCI'INOGRAPHY, in perCpetlive, lhe view of anylhing

CUt off by a plain parallel to the horizoo, jul! at the

baCe of it.

Amoog paintm, it fignifies a deCeription of images,

or of ancient lIatues of marble and copper, of bulh

aDd femi-bulls, of pa.intiogs in frefco, moCaic works,

and ancieot pieces of miniature.

lCHOGLANS, !he graod fignior's pages ferviog in Ihe

feraglio.

ThoCe are the children of Chrillian parenls, either

takeo in war, purehaCed, or preCents from the vice–

roys and goveroors of dillanl provinces: they are the

moll Cpright1y, beautiful and well.made thal caD be

mel with ¡ and are always reviewed and approred of

by the graod fignior himfelf, before Iheyare admitted

ioto Ih.e feraglios of Pera, Conllantinople, or Adria–

Dople, being the three colleges where theyareeducated,

or 6tted for employments, accordiog 10 the opinion

Ihecoun enlerlains of Ihem.

ICHOR, properly figni6es a Ihio walery humour, like

feruIjl: but is fomelimes alCo ufed for a Ihicker kind,

flowing from uleers, called alCa Canies.

ICHTHYOCOLLA, tSINGLASS, a preparation from

Ihe filh koown by Ihe Dame of huCo. See ACCtPEH'

$ER.

This is

lough and firm fubllance, of

whili!h

colour, and in fome degree Iranrparenl; it is lighr,

moderalely hard, very Bexile, and of fcarce any fmell,

and very litrle lane. We uCually receive it in Iwilled

pieces of ao obloog and rounded 6gure, aod beot io

Ihe!hape of a horCe·!hoe : Ihis our druggills ufually beat

aDd pull to pieces, and fell it in thio !hreds like (kins,

which eafily dilfolve : befides this kind of round ifiqg–

glaCs, we meet with fome in fmall tbin fquare cakes,

whirc and very uaneparent; theCe are the finell of all.

But ifinglars, of whatever !hape, is 10 be chofen clcan,

whiti!h, and pellucid.

The method of prepariog the ichthyocolla i, rhis:,

they cut off all the fins of the huCo, clofe 10 Ihe Be!h,

¡nd take OUI rhe bladder, lIomach, and iOlellines;

they wa!h rheCe very cleao, and then cut them in

pieces, and throwing them inlo a Jarge quanliry of

waler, theylel Ihem lIeepfour and Iwenly hours, and

afrer this they kindle

fire under the ve/Tel, and keep

Iheliquor jull boiling tilllhe grearer pan of the mat–

lers are di/Tolved; they then lIir the whole brifldy a·

bout · then (lrain il through nannels, and fet the li–

~uor

'by tO cool. When rhere is

large quantity of

far uCually formed uponir, whichi, carefully (kimmed

off 2nd the clear liquor ispoured off from the gro/Ter

pa:ls which CubBde, it is pUl over the 6re agaio, and

gently 'evaporated and flámmed arrefh all rhe tim:,

till by trials Ihey fi ad, that on letung a Cpoooful of

cool il will harden into Ihe confi(lence of glue.

Greal care is taken 10 keep rhe 6re very genrle, 10

prevenl burniog lowards thc end of this evaporarioo.

They then pour it OUI upon.a!arge, rmoorh, wooden

table' and asil eools, Corm It Intothe matres w:

~Iit_h

(t iD,. by cUlIing and rolling il up.

is an excellenl 2€glurinanl and (lrengrhener; and

is often prercribed i'n jellies and broth, but raeely en.

lers any eompofiriods of the regular medicinal form o

is Ihe mo(l eflieacious as well as the mo(l fafe 20d

inooceOI

all the ingredients uCed for cleaníng wines,

upon which accounl the wine-coopers ure a mueh

grealer quantity ofit Ihan the apothecaries.

Avery valuable glue

alCo madeof this drug, which

is a proper form to keep ir for the wine.coopers uCe.

ICHTHYOLOGY, the reience of 6!hel, or Ihat brandl

of zoology whieh trears of 6!hes. See

NATUU~

HISTORY.

lCHTHYPERI A, in natural hinory, a name giren by

Dr Hilllo Ihe bony palales and moulhs of fi!hes, u–

rually mel with either foffile, in Gngle pieces, or in frag.

meOlS. They are of the rame fub(lance wirh lhe bu·

fonira: ¡ aod are of very various figures, fome broad

and !horl, orhers longer and /lender; rome very gibo

bofe, and others plainly arehed. Theyare likewiCe

of vanous fizes, from the tenth of an ineh to two inches

in lengrh, and an ineh in breadth.

lCOSAHEDRON, in geometry,

regular rolid, CODo

fi(ling of IweDty Iriangular pyramids, wbore ver\exts

meel in the cenlre of afphere,

fu~pofed

toeircumCcribe

it;

and therefore, have their helght and bares equal.

wherefore Iherolidíty of one of thoCe pyramids multi·

plied by

20,

Ihe nu:nber of bafes, gives Ibe Colid con–

lenl of tbeieorabedroo.

ICOSANDRIA, in tbe LiD03!an fy(lem of bOlany. Sce

BOTAN

635.

IDA, a mountaio in the iJland of Candia or Crete; airo

another in Narolia, or le/Ter Afia, celebrated by rhe

poets for the judgmenl of Paris on the beauty of rhe

Ihree goddelI'es, Minerva, Juno, and VeDus, 10lbe

·Ia(l of whom he gal'e Ihe preference,

IDEA, tbe refleK pmeptiOD olobjctls, after the origi.

Dal perception or impreffion has beeo felt by the miod.

See METAPHnlcs .

IDENTlTY, denotes that by whieh a thing is irCel

and nOI any thing e1Ce¡ in whitb fenCe, indenriry

dtf–

fers from fimil itUde as well as diverflty. See MET

A-

PHYSICS ,

lDES, ín the aneient Roman calendar, were eisht dars

in eaeh month ¡ rhe fir(l of whicb fell on Ihe 15th of

Marcb, May, July, and Otlober

aod on lhe r3 th

day of the other monrhs.

Theywere reckooed backwards, in Ihe manner al·

ready explained undertheanicle CALEN&S.

Thus theyeallcd the 14th day of March , May,

July, andOllober¡ and rhe 12th ofthe other monthl,

the

pridi( idul,

or the day before theides¡ rhe nex!

preceding day, they called the

talioidul;

and fQon,

reckoning always .backwards, till they

eom~

ro .tbe

nones. Ste NONE

This method of reckontngume

is (lill retained inthechancery ofRome, andinthe ea–

lendar of thebrcviary.

10M,

amoog grammarians, properly fignifies the

~e.

CuJlll: