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G Il ( 71? G R
111fy al Ca \\ ~il "pOIl Cor~ign prinees \\Len enlemin.
e.l by 1115 m~jen)'.
G~ HN f'SCH, in ornilhology, Ihe Englith name of
Ihe greeoilh tnngill., .WJlh lile wings "nd u il v.riega.
led wilb ydlow. See fR'MGILLA.
GREEN·HOUSE, or eonfmalory, a houfe in a g~ r·
den cuoui,ed for Ihchering aod p,&rving Ihe mofl
lender and eurious exolie plan!!, whiel., io our c1imale,
will nUI bear la oe expoled lO the op.n air dUllng the
wioler Ceafoo. Thefe are generally large and beautiful
flruaures, equally ornamental anJ ufelol.
GREENL.'\.NO, or tl'j1 GREENLAND, e.mnds from
Ibe mrridian of London lO so· W. long. aod f,oro 60·
10 80· N. lat.
The Danes ha,'e fome eolonies here, and prmnd to
the property of the \Vhole. HOlVever, rheDUleh make
very free with the filbery on this coan. not" ·
ing tbe reprefeotatioos ~od e,'eo menaces of tbe Oanes
00 Ihal head.
GREENWICH, a towo of Keor, fitumd on rhe Couth·
ern /bore of Ihe Thames, 6ve miles eafl of London;
reroarkable for its royal and magoiheent hofpital, eree·
ud for decayed or difabled feameo who ha.e (erved
their eouotly, and for its palaee and mofl delightful
park.
00 Ihe top of a fleep hill io the plrk, fland! Ihe
royal oLfervdlOry, buill by Charles 11. and furnilbed
with a11 manner of inflrumems for aflronomieaJ obferva·
tioO!, and a deep dry: IVe!1 for obfeniog rhe flars by day.
GREGARIOUS, among zoologifls, a lerm appli,d 10
fueh animal! as do not live (olitary, but iD berds,
Hoeks, or eoveys.
GREGORIAN CALEKDAR, Ihat wbich /bews the oew
aod full mooo, with tbe time of Eafler, aod Ihe mOve·
able feans depending Ihereoo, by meaos of epaas, dif·
pofed througb the feveral months of the Gregorian
year. See ASTRONOMV, p. 490.
GlEGORTAN YsAR. See ASTRONO.1V, p. 490.
GRENOllLE, a eity of Franee, eapilal of O.uphiny,
{orty.6ve miles foutb·eafl of Lyon!, aod thirty·fiK
miles foulh·well of Chamberry: E.loog. SO28', aod
N. 131. 45° 12'.
GRENOCK, or GUENOCK, a port·towo of Scotland,
near the mouth of the river Clyde; beiog the principal
flalion for tbe herriog.filbery.
GREWIA, in bOlany, a genn! of the gynandria polyaa.
dria e1afs. The ealiK eonfifl, of five leaves; Ihe pe;
lals are five; at the bafe of eaeh pm llhere is a neéla·
riferotlS fcal~; and the berry has four ed l!. Thcre
are tWO fpeeics, oor.e o{ them oarives of llrilain.
GRI Y, or GRAV, amixed eolollr pamklOg orlhe IWO
eXlre~)eS, black ood \Vhlle.
GRl rrON, io heraldry, an iOlagir.ary aninJ~I, feigned
oy Ihe aneient! 10 be h~lf cagl~ . nJ lion ; by Ihis
fo~m they i!ltrod~d 10 sive an idea of Ibenglh aod
IIViflneCs joiocd losether, \Vilh ao eXlraordio"y vigi.
I.nee in guanEog che Ibiogs inlrulIerl tO il! careo
Thus Il,e he.tllen odlural,lh rerfÍl~rleJ the ir.nor~n!,
that gold mioes were guard.:d hy Ih(fe crealureS"ilh
incredil·le " alehfuln"'s ~nd refolurilln.
GRIMPER(;, a·eily of , io Ihe cirele of Ihe
VOL . 11. No. S9. 2
Lnwer Rh;ne, and earldom of T,iers: E. long. 60
35', N J.t. 4~o 40"
GIUlIlSBY, a. borough aod port·lolVn of Lioenlnthirr,
Glumd al che moulb of the Humber : E. long. 4',
N. lat. 53° 34'- Ir Cend, IWO memoers 10 par/iamen!.
GRINOING, Ibe reduciog h;¡,d fubn. oees to fine pOIV'
ders.
Me/horl o/ GKINDING oPlit glofu. Mr Hu)'g~ns di·
reas, io general, to lOake Ihe bre~dch of the roncave
tool, plale, difh, or form, in which ao oojea·glafs
mufl be grouod, almofl three limes Ihe breadch of the
glafs. Though in anolher place he fpeaks of grindi0ri
a glafs whofe focal d,flanee IVas 200 feet, aod breadrh
8-! ioehes. io a place only fifreen inebes hroad. B",
for eye·glalfes, and others of lelfer fpberes, the tools
mufl be broader io proportion to the hreadlh of IheC~
glalfes, 10 afl'ord room coough for che morioo of Ihe
hand iD polithiog. Mr Huygens made his tools of
copper, or of eall oraCs, whieh, for fear they thould
change their figu re by bendiog, eao hardJy be eafl too
thiek: ho\Vever, he found by experieoce, that a tool
founcen inehes broad, and half ao inch thiek, was
flroog eoough for Ihe formiog glalfes to a fphere of
thirty.fix fw diammr; when Ihe tool \Vas flrongly
centeolcd upoo a eylind,ical 1I00e ao ioeh tlúek, wllh
hard eemeOI made of pirch aod athcs.
lo order to make moulds for eallioa fueh 100/5 as are
pretty much eoncave, he direas, thar wooden patterOll
fhould be turned in a lache, a lillle thicker aod broad.
er than the tools themfdves; but for tools that beloog
10 fpheres above tweoty or thirty feet diammr, h(
fay! it is fuflicieot tOmake ufe of flat boards turned
circular toIhe breadtb aod chiekoefs required. When
the plates are cafl, they mull be turoed in a lache ex·
aélly to the eooeavily required; aod for this purpofe it
is requifite 10 make a eouple of brafs gages in the man.
ner fol/owiog, aeeording to the ~ireaions of Mr Mo·
lyoeuK.
Take a lVooden polc, a liHle looger thao cbe radios
of Ihe fpherical furfaee of lIoe glaCs co be formed; lod
through che ends of ic flrike eIVO fmali flee! pOiOIS, ar
a diflaoce frool eaeh otlter equ.1 lO tbe ,adlul of tbe
fphere iOleoded; and by one of che poims hang upche
pole againfl a wal/, fo chat chis upp" poinl may bave
a circular motioo in a hole or foeke, made of brafs or
iron, fixt firm ly ro che wall. Then cake cwo equal
plates of brafs or eopper, wel/ hammmd and fmooth.
.d, whofe lenglh is fome" har more Ihao the breadtb
of Ihe cool of cafl braCs. whoCe thickne(s may be about
a cemh or a cwtifrb of an ineh, .nd whoC. oreadch
may be tWOor chree ioches. Then haviog faHeoer!
theJe places flal againfl lhc wall in a horizoncal poficion ,
",irh Ihe move~hle point in Ihe role, JI rike a true ~rch
upon ear.h of Ihem. Tben file a\Va)' che bra!s on on.:
fiJe exa,~ly tu rheareh Jlruck, (11 ~s 10 make oneof Ihe
brafs eeses ronvex, .nd the ocher concave; and 10
m, ke ,he arches cnrrefpood more exnaly, fix one of
che plates 1/.1 uron a table, antl srind cheolher .glinfC
il wilh emer)'. Th& al e tI:c g~ges co· be made ufe
of io lurniog rhe brafs 10015 ex.,~1 y 10 Ihe fphere re·
quireJ.
t SC GRINO-