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F E R ( 58B F E R
llr~ mcnlh, and were markcd in Ihe ealen,1ar; of
d\c1~ the ehiei lVere the agonalia, earmentalia, anel
Juperealia. 2. Coneepti<:t feri:t, holid,ys appointed
every year upnn eutain or uOCCl tain by the ma·
gillratos or the p0nlifF ; fueh lVere Ihe I,tin:r, paga–
nalia, eompitalia, be. See PAGAN ALIA, be. 3. Im–
perali,':!! fen:t, holldays eommande" or appoinled by
¡he authorilY Gf Ihe eonCuls or prretors; of Ihis kind
IVe may reekon \he Icélillernium . See LECTI STER–
NIUM . 4' Nuodin:r, Ihe days ior fairs. See NUN'
DI N.t: .
Fu ,,,, LATI N", \veJe inUituted by Tarquiniu~ Superbus,
IVho having overeome IheTuCeans, made a league wilh
the Latins, and propofed to tbem co build a temple in
eommon tO Jupiler Lalialis, in wbieh .both oalioM
mighl meet, and olFer facriftee for their eommon fafety.
At tbis feUival a IVhite bull was facrifieed; aod eaeh
10IVn, both of the Lalins and Romans, provided a
eenain quantilY of meat, wine, and fruits. At firf!
¡he folemnity eootinued bUI oneday; after the expul–
fion of the kings, \he Cenate added a third, a founh,
2nd fo on 10 ten days.
FERIA, in the Romilh bre\'iary, i~ applied to the feve–
ni day' of the \\'eek; Ihus Monday is Ihe feria feeun·
da, Tuefday¡he feria tertia ; thongh thefe days ar~
not working days, but holidays. The oceafion of this
was, that Ihe fi rl! ChriUians were ufed to keep the
eaUer week holy, ealling Sunday the prima feria, .ve.
wLenee the.term feria was giveo to the days of ever]
IVeek. BUI befides thefe, they haveextraordioary fe–
ri:E, lIiz. Ibe three laUdays of paflioo.week, the two
followiog eafler.day, aod tbe ·fecond feria: of roga·
tioo.
FERMANACH, a eounty of Irdand, in Ihe provinee of
Ulfler, the ehief to\\'o of ",hieh i, 10nilkilllOg.
FERMENT, aoy bodywhieh, beiog applted tu aoot~r,
produces fermeotatton.
Ferments are either matten already io the aél of
fermeotatioo, or thal fooo run ioto this aél . Of the
firU kind are the flowers of ",ine, yeaU, fermeming
beer, or fermenting wine, .ve. and of tbe feeond are
the oewexprelfed veget.ble juiees of fummer·fruit.
AOlong d,Uillers, fermeotsare all thofe bodies whieh,
when added to the liquor, only eorreél' fome fault
therein, aod, by removing fome obllacle to fermenta·
tioo , forward il by feeondary means ; as alfofueh as, be·
iog added in time of fermentation, make the liquor
yield a larger proportioo of fpirit, and give it a finer
fiarour.
FERMENTATION, maybe dehned a fenfible internal
motioo of the eonflitueot particles of a moiU, fi uid,
mixI or compouod body; bythe eontinuanee of whieh
motion, thefe particles are gradually removed frora
lheir former fit uation or eombinatioo, anu again, after
fome vifible feparation is made, joined togelher io a
difFerenlorJer and arrangement. See CHHIISTRY.
P· 94·
YERMO, a porl·tolVn ofI laly, fitumd on the gulf of
Veoiee, abour tbiny miles fouth of Aoeooa. lt is ao
~rebbinlOp's f:c.
FERN , fi/i., in¡',tany. See FILIX, OSMUSD!, A.
C RO ~TI C U " , rlse.
f l:.RNANDO, or FHNANDES , an ifl¡¡¡d in the Paeific
(,eean: \V. long. 83°, S. lat. 33°.
f ERRARA, a city and archb'lhop's .fee of Italy : E.
loog. 12° 6', N. lat. 44° 50'.
FERRE, or /, FERRE, a eily of Pieardy, in Franee,
forry miles fomb·eall of Amieos: E. long. 3° 26',
N. lat. 49° 4s'.
FERRET, io zoology. See MUSTELA.
FERRETS, among glafs -makers, Ihe iroo with whieh the
workmen try the melted metal, to fee if it be fit 10
work.
It is alfo ufed for thofe irons which make the riogl
at the mouth of bottles.
FERRETTO, in glafs.makiog, afubUaace wbieh feml
to eolour glafs.
This is made by a fimple ealcination of copper, but
it ferves for feveral eolours: Ihere are two of
making it, the firfi is this. Take thin plates of copper,
and lay them on 2 layer of powdered brimf!one, in the
boltom of a erueible; over thefe lay more brimUone,
and over \hat aoother lay of the plates, and fo on al·
iernalely tiJl the pOt js full. Cover Ihe pot, lute it
well, place ir in a wind furnrce, and make a Urong fire
about it for two hours. When it is takeo out and
eoolea, the eopper will be found fo ealcined, that it
may becrumhled·to pieees between the fingm, like a
friable earth. !t will be of a reddifh, 'and, in fome
pans, of a biaekilh coloue. This muU be powdered
and fifted fioe for ufe.
FERRO, W. long. 19. °, N..lat. 28°, Ihe mofheller.
Iy of the Canary iflands, near the AfrieaoeoaR, where
the firfl meridian was lately fixed in mofl map'; bot
oalV, the geagraphers of almoU every kiogdom make
Iheir refpeélive capilals Ihe 6rU meridiao, as we do
London.
FERRO, fome little iOands fituated io lhe oorthero oeeaD,
200 miles oorth·welf of the Oreades, and as many
fourh·eaUof Ieelaod : W. long 7°, N. lal. .6( .
FERROL, a fea-pon-tolVn of Spain, 10 the pnoelpallly
of Galieia, filuated on a bay of the Adaotie
tweoty miles north·eafl of the Groyne, aod fifly miles
Aorth of Compolldla, a good harbour, where IbeSpa–
nilh fquadrons frequently feeured Ihemfdves iotheI,te
war : W. long 8° 40" N. Iat. 43° 30'. .
FERRUGINOUS, anything partaking of iroo, or wblch
eonuins particles of Ihat metal.
FERRUGO, Rus T. See RU'T.
FERIWM, ha N. See IRON.
l' ERRY, a libeny by preferiptian, or the kiog's granl,
to llave a boal for patrage, 00a firrh or river, focear–
rying palfengers, horfes; rlse. over the fame for a rea–
fooable toll.
FERTILITY, thar quality whieh denominates a tbing
fr uitful or prolifie. . .
FERULA, in botany, a genus 0f the peolandrla dlgy'
nia clafs. T hc fruit is oval, comprelfed, and has Ihr<e
furrows on eaeh fideo There- are aioe fp"eics, non:
of themnatives of DritaiD. FESSE