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the belly is angul",: Ihe p!,qoral fins are I'cry Idrge.
Whenpurfn~d byanyod,cr lilh, il r.tifes itfdf rrorn the
watcr by mcaos of th& long fios , anal fli~s io thc air
to a coofiJerableJiflaoce, tillthe fios dry, and theo il
f.lIs down ioto tite water. T ltere are IWO fpecics,
viz. l . The ro/ilans, with Ihe b·lIycarinaled 00 eaeh
fideo It is a nalive of dIe En,upe.o aod Americao
feas. 2. The evolaos, with a cyliod, i.:al belly. 11
is a nalive of the Germdo oce.n.
EXODIARY, in Ihe aneient Roman \raCe/ly, lOas Ihe
perfon "ho, a(ler th~ drama or play w.s ended, (uog
th: exodiurn. See EX OUIUM.
EXQDIUM, in the aoeienl Greek drama, ooe of Ihe
four pam or divifioos of mgedy, fo mueh of the
pieee as inc1uded Ihe cmflrophe aod uora.elliog of the
plot, and anfwering nearly to our founh and fiflh aél!.
ExonluM, among the Romans, eonfifled of ccmin hu ·
mourous verfes rehear(ed by the exodi"y at Ihe enJ
of Ihe Fabul:!! Alell.n:z:.
ExoD IuM, io the SeplUagint, figoifies the eod or conclu·
/ioo of a feall. Panieularly il is ufed for the eighlh
day of Ihe feall of labernacles, which, il is faid, had
a fpecial view 10 Ihe commemoratioo of tbe exodus,
or deparlure out of Egypl.
EXODUS, acanooieal book of the OldTeflameot; be·
iDg the fecood of the penlaleuch, or fi.e books of Mof".
1t is fo called, from the Greek, [exod'JJ, Ihe going
out, or departure of the children of lfrael fromIhe land
of Egypt; the hiflory of which is delimed io this
book, together wiln the many miracles wrought 00
that ocearion.
EX OFfIClO, amnng hwyers, figoifies the power a
perfoD has, by vinue of his oflice, 10 do cenaiD aéh
without beiog applied too
EXOMPHALUS, in furgery, ealled alfo omphaloeele,
and herDia umbiliealis, isa rmernaturallumour of Ihe
abdomen, at the navel, from a rupture, or dillenGon of
the pam which iovell thu ca.ity. See SURGERY.
EXORCISM, amoog ecclefiallical writers, the expelling
devils from perfons po(fe(fed, by means of conjura.
tiODS a"d prayers.
Exorcifm makes a confiderable pan of the fuperni.
tiOD of the chureh of Rome, the rilUals of which
forbid the exorci/ing any perfoa without Ihe bifhop',
leave.
The ceremooy is perforOled ~t the lower end of the
church, lowards Ihe door. The exorcill fidl fign,
the po(fe(fed perfon with the fign of the cro(s, make,
him kned, and fprinklel him with holywater. Then
follow the litanies, pfalms, and prayer; afler which
Ihe exorcill afles Ihe devil his Dame, and adjures him
by the mylleries of the Chlillian religion not to alHiél
the perfon any more : then, laying 'his right 00
the dremoniac's head, he repem the formof exorcifm,
which is this: " I exorcife thee, unclean fpirit, io
" the oame of Jefus Chrill : tremble, O Smn !
" tholl enemyof the fdith, Ihou foe of mankind, who
" hall broUehl dwh into Ihe \VorlJ, \\'ho hall depri·
" ved meno( life, and han rebelled agaion juniee ;
" Ihou fcducer of Olaokind, tholl 100t of evil, tbou
" fource of al'arice,¿if,ord, andeol'y.
554 E X r
The R ~maoills like\Vif, exoreife houfel and othrr
places, fuppufed I.n he ft."IOIed by rpirits;
and Ihe ccr~lIlOny IS mueh thc fam, u'ith that for ptr.
fons poflerred.
EXORCISTS, in chureh hinory, ao older of men in
the ancicnl chureh. whofe en;ployment it was 10 'n.
oreil. or (J1l Ollt d" ils. Sc, lhc precedin,' anide.
EXOl~DlUM, io rhetOric, i., therre.mble or\egionltlg,
fervlng tO prepare the audl.ncelor Ihe rel! of the dl/~
courle.
ExordiuOls are of IWO kinds, cilher jufl and formal,
or v.hemeot and abrupl. The lan ue moll fuilabl.
on occa/ions of eXlraordlOary joy, ,"dtgo.tioo, or the
IIke.
EXOTlC, an apellatioo dcooliog a thing to be the pro–
duce oCforeign countries.
EXPANSION, among metaphyficiaos, deooles the ide,
\Ve have of lafllog diH.nce, all whole exi{[loge.
ther.
EXP~NSlON, in phyfiology, the fweUing or increafe of
Ihe bulk of bodies when heateo.
EXPECTORANTS, iD pharmaey, medicines which
promole expe80ratioo. See Ihe next micJe.
EXPECTORATlON, Ihe aél of eYacualing or bringing
up phlegm or other mamrs out of the trachea, lungs,
&c. by coughing, hauking, fpiuiog, 6c.
EXPERIENCE, a kind 01 knowledge acquered by long
ufe, without any teacher. Mr Locke fays, Ih.t men
receive all the materials of knowledge from cxperi.
eoceand obfervation.
EXPERIMENT, io philofophy, is the trial oC the re·
fuh or effeél of thc applications aod motions of cerlain
amral bodies, in order to dlfcover fomething of Ihlir
motioDs ano relations, whmby to afeenain fome of
their ph:z:nomena, or eaufes.
EXPERIMENTAL P Ht t o S o P HY, Iha! philofophy
whieh proceeds 00 experimcOls, whieh deduces Ihe
law, of oature, and the propertiesand po\Vers ofbodi<s,
and their aétioDs upon eaeh olher, from fenGble expe·
rimeots nod obferrations. The bufinefs of experimen.
tdl pbilofophy is to inquire iDlO, and to invenigaIC Ihe
realonsaDd caufes of, thevarious appmaDcesand phz.
nomena of nature; and 10 make t~e Irulb or probabi.
lityIhereofobvious and e.idenl 10 Ihe fenfes, ,
undeniable, and adequa\e expcrimcnts. reprefentiog the
fereral parts of Ihe graod Ola,hinery. nd agencyof n',
lure. See MECHANlcs, llrDRoslATl CS,O'Tlcs,
and lhe OIher branches ofNAT uRA LPHILOSOPHT.
EXPIATION, a religio~s aél, by whieh fali.fallion,
alODcmeOl, or amends, il madefor Ihe commi/Jioo of
fome crime, the guilt oooe a\Vay, aod the oblig.tion
to punifhOlent eaocelled.
The metllod of e~pialion among the .IN S w¡.
chiefly hy facnfice, whether for fins of ignoranc~, or
10 purify them(el~es fromcenaio pollulions.
Crtal do] .r Ex Pl ATl oN, 3n anoual folfmnit~ of !he
Jews, upoo Ihe tenlh day of the Otonth Tlfn, w~teh
ao(wers tOour Serlemher. On this occafionIhe hlgh.
priell hid afide his breaff·plm andeOlbroidmd ephO<!,
as being a day ol' hUOIilialion. He lirll olTcred a bul·
lock anJ a ram for his O\VDfins, ~nd thofe of Ihe
pnefls ¡