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E L E

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When;hc trllnk is thul filled with wdter, he

c~n

tither

throw it out to a great diOauce, or driok it Ioy puto

ting the end of Ihe Irun!: in his mouth.

Thc two, lu ge lulks, which fome can the horns of

Ihc clephan!, are of a yeJlowlfh colom, and ext remely

nardo The bony fubOanceof which they

~re comp~fed

is known'by Ihe name of ivory, aod much ufed in dif·

Cerent branches of manuCatlure.

Thc ms are very Iarge, and reCemble thofe of an

apeo The n,inof Ihe elephanl has but few luirs on il,

and placed al greal diO tnces from each other.

t is fuJl

wrinkb, like Ihofe on the palm of a man's hand,

hefidrs nn ny chaped and grealy ridges. The female

has til Odugs, ooe on each fide of Ihe breal!. The

pans of generation

arr

fman in prqportion to thdeof

olher animals. T he penis reCembles that of a horCe.

'fhe f, male organ is (¡tuale near Ihe middle of the

belly. more than IWOfeel diOant from the ufu,1litua·

tioo in other quaarupeds : Wilen Ihey copulate, the

female lies down on her back.

Elephants, even in aCavage Oatc, are peaceable and

gentlccrealures. Theyncver ufeIhé wcapons bUI in

defence' of IhemCelves or cOlllpanions. T heir Cocial

difpolitions are

Urong, Ihat Ihey

are

feldom found

alone, but marchalways in IdrgeIroops; IheoldeU. nd

mon experienced lead Ihe van ; Ihe younger, Or I. me

ones, keep in Ihe middle ; and Ihofe of a leeond rate,

age, walk in Ihe rearo The females carry their

youngon their tun,s, embracing Ihemat Ihe famelime

wilh Iheir Irunk . They feldommarch in Ihis rcgular

order bUI when Ihey reekon Ihe journey d,móerous,

Cuch as an expedi,ion

cllllivaled lands, whne Ihey

expea

meet wilh refiUance.

olher oeeafion!

they are lefs eaulious. fome of theOl f. lling behind or

leparating from the ren, bUI Cddom fo far as

Wilhoul Ihe reach of

~lIillance

by alarming and af·

Cembling Iheir companions.

is only

thef~

wanderm

Ihal Ihe hunters dare

~I tock ;

fo r it would require

whole army

alT.il

a trOOr of Ihem; and Hen an

army would be unable

conquer Ihem \Vllho\tl lofing

number of lives

is dangu ous

olfer II'emIhe

leall lnjury; for Ihey run flraighl IIpon Ihe ofTtnJer ;

and, ahhough Ihe weighl of lhm body be greal, their

lIeps a' e fo lar&e. Iha.! lh, Ye.(,ly outrun Ihe C\Viflell

man, whomIheycilher pierce wilh Iheir lulks or fcize

",ilh Ihm tl unk, dan h,m io Ihe air hke a !lone, aqd

Ihen tl.lmple him under Iheir fect. UUI Ihey never

anack .any perfon, unleCs W:'fn pro\·oked. Howe·

ver. as Ihcy are extrCmely fcnfible aod tlelicJle wilh

reg.rd

injuries, it is al \Vays prudenl

kcep OUI of

llt,ir \Val'. T ravelJers who frequeot Ihefe .:ounlrtes

kiodle large fires, :lOd bedl dnlllls dming Ihe OIgl

in order

preveol Ihm :tl'pruach. I\ flcr

b~illg

once

anacked by mln, or f:tlJing

1010

aoy amb"n" Ih<yare

(.id

IItver

forgel Ihe injul y, but f",¡rch for cvcry

opportuni,y of geuing revenge. As Ih, y are <od,l\\cd

perhap! Wilh a

mor~

exquilile C<nfatlon of f' lldl Ih.n

any olhcr antlllal,

0\\

ing

Ihe Gr,.tt eXlcnl "f Ihur

noCe, they ca'l ¡'ceol a lIla'n al a I'ery greal diilJnce,

and (; .ICC

IIIIIl

by h,s luotlkps

.Elephaols lrt p_culi,lrly'follu of Ihe banb of

lIVerI,

decp va!k

ard marfhy grounds, cfl'criaJly \\ h<1l'

\VelJ n"ldcd wilh \rees. '¡'hey deligh l in dralVing

up waler in,o their trunks, evcn whtn

Ih~y

do no[

drink il, and

amuf~

Ihemfdves

danling lhe wm r

around. They caonol endure cold., and are equally

averfe

an excefs of

h~al:

In orcer to avoid Ihe

fcorching heal of Ihe Cun, l!tey relire

the Ihickcn

and moll nlady p' ts of Ihe foren. The bulk of Iheir

bodies is lo enormous, [hal Ihey do not chuCe

into deepwalers fo frequcmlya, fome olher qu,Uru·

peds; ahhough Ihe lenglh

01'

Iheir

Irnn~ ,

which Ihcy

rdife Ilr,ighl up, ar.d bywhich Ihey ref?ire, is a grm

~dnntage

in flVimming.

T he ordinary food of elephants i3 rOOIS, herbs,

leaves,

Ih~

lender hranches 01Irees, fruils, and grains:

bUI Ihey abhor ndh or filh. When any of lhem

diCcor~rs

a fine

p,,!\~re,

he immtdialelycaJls and in·

viles his companions to come anJ

e~t

\Vith him. As

Ihey del'our a large qU¡nlilYof food in a fhon lime,

Iheyare always Ihiltmg Iheir pafi ure ; when lhey ,ueet

wuh eull,vmd gruunds, Ibey m. ke

prodigious dero–

Iation, and ¿dlroy more planls byIheir

leH

Ihan lhey

ufe fornourinllneOl, wh,chis very

eonr.dera~le,

amoun.

'ing lO

I 50

poundsof herbAge every day; byIhis means,

as Ihcy

conl\antl~

grau In larce Iroops. Ihey I. ywalle

\Vhole fields inan hour. 'fhe lnniansand negroes em–

ploy every art

prevenl Ihem fromvifiling Ihcir cul.

livmd lands, m1king greal noife. and burning large

lires rounJ Iheir fields. However, IheCe precaulions

are nOI always Cufficle::t

prevent lhe elephams from

\'ifi,ing Ihem. They chaCé

aw~y

Ihedomcflicanimals,

pUl lhe men

fligh[, and fomelimes even Ihrow down

Iheir limber huts. Elephants arehardly

fufcer,i~le

fw ; Ihe only things

whic~

can Curprife lhem, or nop

Iheir courfe, :,re artificial fires, fueh as Cquibs, crack–

ers;

Ihe e!fea s of which are fo fudden and

quickly repeaten, Ihal lhe elcph'nlS frequently lum

b.ck

; and when one ruos, all Ihe ren innantly follo\v

his example.

Althollgh Ihe Coci.1difpofi:ion in lhe elephanl beex–

ceeding f1 rong; yel whenever IhefemalesCOOlein CcaCon,

it inllueuialely gives plJce

IheItrongerandmoreinle–

rdling pallionof love. T r.eyobCe,veIhe gremn del ica–

cy in Ih:ir amou,s, abhorring no,hing

much as

he feen by Iheir comp.lnions . The Iroop divide lhem–

fdm iUlo couples. n. al ofT into Ihe mon feerel places

Ihe

lore~,

and Ihen gi\'e way

all Ihe imFulfes of

n.lu

re, whichare lil'ely .ntl lalling in proponipn

Ihe

longpcrioJ ofabl!inencc; for Ihe fcolalegoes widl yOllng

IWO years, and il is only once in Ihree yea¡¡ Ih'l Ihe

fca'on of love retu,ns. 1"h.y bring fonh but oneal a

tiID " which, as COOI1 as il

C"~I(S

iuto Ihe world, is as

!arge

a wild boar, and is furnilh"l wi lh tlClh: holV-.

(I'er, Ihe Llrr,c IIlfks .io nOl m. kc

lh~:r

appearance til!

("me lillle afler, and

Ihe age of fi x momhs Ihl)' Ale

Ce\'lral inches long. Eleph'"ls of

t!lIS

agc are;s IJrgc

' 11

OX, \Vhenin a

n~lur,tI

Oale

BUIil is incrcdible

how 1I,,'y deglllcfdte

"he"

n.tI·

lú

20.1

linda

Ihe

Ola.

n.~em"nl

II\l'n. T hetr d,f¡;ull anJ cb.gnte tur Ihe

1,,11of liu:rty

fe,·olS

never

,lepa: l from

Ihe"

ntlnds.

In lhlS

!~m,

Ihou3h ,hey

f"e1,

l!w "orel Lall'ns,

11.,