1000000030

bitumens. This oi! alfo will be accompanied with an a·

q'leous acid liqudr. In the reton will be left a charred

maner, which, being put into an ignited crucible in the

fire, burns (or fome t.ime, and, w.hen well caJcined, leave,

; white earth .

The liquors that rife firll in this dilllJlation, and which

\Ve direaed to be kept by thcmfdves, are a mixtijre con ·

filling,

l .

o( a

high.Jy

dephlcgmmd fFirit of wine, of a

mofl (ragrant fmell;

o( rether, which the (pirit o(

\Vine wherewith it is united ,.enJers mifcible ",ith water;

3. o( a portion of oi.l, which commonly rifes with the

;ether towards the end of the operation; 4. and fome·

limes of a linle fnlphurcous acid, i( the recelver be not

rhanged (oon enough.

In order tO feparate the rether from thefe other fub–

Ihnees, put the whole iotO ao Englilh retort, with a lit–

Ile oil of tartar

p(r ,UiqlliunI

to abCorb the fulphureous

acid, and diflil vcry OOlVly in a fand bath hemd by a

hmp, tiJl near half the liquor be come overo Then ceafe

rlill,Jling; put tbe liquor in the receiver intO a phiallVith

f~me

water, and Ihakc it ; you will fee it riCe with ra·

pidity to the upper pan of the phial,

~od

fio1t on the furo

face o( the water : this is the rether.

Spiril o/lVint ,.mhin,d ""ilh Spiril

.¡

Nil".

S,",<el Spiril o/ Nil".

lNTO an EngliO\ reton o( cryllal gla(s put fome high·

Iy reai!ied (pirit of wine; ,od, by means of a glaCs fu o·

n.e1 wilh a long pipe Ict (all into your (pirit of wine a

few orops of the C,noking Cpirit of nitre. There wiJl

ari(e in the reton an efl'uvefcence anended with heal,

rfd vapours, and a hiffing noife like that of a live coal

quenchcd in wmr. Shake Ihe velfel a linle, lhat the

liquo" may mix thoroughly, aod thal the heat may be

equally communicmd tO lhe whole. Then add more

fpirit of nitre, but in a very (mall quantity, and with lhe

f.me

precautions as be(ore. Continue thus adding fpirit

of nitre, by linle and linle at a time, tiJl you have put

into the reton a quamily equal to a Ihird pan o( your

fpiril of lVine. Lel Ihis mixture fland quiet, io a cool

phce, for ten or twelvehou,.!; theo (el il tO digefl in a

very gcnde warmtb (or eight or ten days, baving firfl

IUled on a reeeiver tO Ihe retort.

During ihis time a

fm.JI

quanlily of liquor ",iJl come

over

intu Ine receiver, whieh mufl be poured back into

Ihe retort. Then diflill with a (omeIVhat flronger de·

grce of heat, bUI flill very gemly, till nOlhing be left io

tbe relOr! bOl a Ihick matler. In the reetiver you

will fiod a fpiriluous liquor, of a quiek grateful (mell,

which wiJl excite a veTy Cmarl (en(alion

the longue,

hut without any corroGve aerimony. This is the

/'UJal

/piril

nitre.

S,iril o/ Wine tombind ,",ilh Ihe Add

.¡

Se. fo/I .

Du/djed Spiril

Sall.

x logether, litlle by linle, in a gla(s reton, two

pans of (pirit of wine wilh

on~

pan of (pirit of falt. Set

Ihis miXll1re tOdigefl for a momh in a gende heat, and

diniJl it, tiJl nothin¡¡ remaio io Ihe relon but a thiek

maller.

1'he acia of fea·fall il much lefs

.dif~of~d

unite with

inflammable matters than the other two· mineral :Kid,.

and Ihere(ore, ,houSh il be ever (o highly eonceotraled,

when mixed with (piril of ",ine, il never produces elfer·

vefcence eompmble tO Ihat which is produced by Ihe

fpiril o( nitre . Neilher Ihe prorortion nor f1renglh of

Ihe fpiril of falt, reqllilile to prepm the (wm (piril

0('

falt, are un,nimouOy agreed upon uy aUlhor!. Some

direa equal pms 01 Ihe tWOliquors ; while others pre·

fcribe from IIVO to fou r or fi ve pons of (pirit of w;ne to

one pan of (pirit of (alt. Some u(e only common fpirit

(.It;

olhen requiTe Ihe (moking (piril diflilled by

means o( fpiril of vitriol.

L.llIy,

Come order the mix·

lure tO be diflilled, a(ler fome days d:gellion; aod o·

Ihers eontenl them(e1ves wilh "arely digefling it. The

\Vhole derends on Ihe degree of flrenglh IVhich the

(ww

fpirit of fa ll is iatended

have. This compoGlion, al

weJl as Ihe (lVeet fpirit of nitre, is erleemed iD medici"e

to be very aperitive and diurelie.

When Ihe mixture of fpirit of fall and (pirit of IVine

is dillilled, there comes oy·:r but one liquar, which ap.

pears homogeneous. T his is Ihe

1'"'''' !piril 0/1011.

The nature o( the marine acid is

001

changed in thi.

combi,nalion: Ihe aeid is ooly weakened .nd rendered

more miId ; bUI in other refpeas it retains its c1waaer·

iflic properties.

Oi/r, or Oily

1II0tl''',

Ihal

are

jo/uhle ill Spiril

IVine, foparated /,om Vet,'ah/tI, and djJ!olved hJ

1n"/nI

Ihal M,,,jlruulII. TinOum; Elixirl;

Varnijlm . Arolllaltc jI,.ng 'UJalul.

PUT into a matras the (ubflanees (rom which you in·

tend tO extraét a tinaure. having fi rfl pounded them, or

pulveri(ed them if they are eapable of it. Pour upon

them (pirit o( wine tO the deplh of th ree fi ngers breadth.

Cover the matras witlt a

piec~

of wet bladder, and tie it

with packthread. M,ke a little hol. io Ihis bit of

bladder with a pin, leaving il in the Itole to keep it Ilop.

pedo

Set the mams in a (and·bath very gendy hemd.

Iflhe (pirit of wine dilfolve aoy par! of the body. it will

accordingly aequire a deeper or lighter eolour. Con·

tinue the digellioo till. you perceive tbat Ibe fpiril of

wine gains

more colour. From time

time pull out

the pin,

gi"e vem

the vapours,

rarefied air,

which might otherlVi(e burfl the matras. Deeanl your

fpiril of wine, . nd keepit in a bonle weJl eorked. Pour

fome frelh (pirit in its rlead : digefl as before ; aod

go on in this manner. pouriog on and off frelh fpirit of

wine, tiJl the lall come off colourle(,.

Spirit of wioe impregnaled wilh (uch par!! of aoy ve–

gelable (ubllance as it is eapable o( dilfolving, is commoo–

Iy ealled a

linfllln.

S~veral

tina ures mixed togelber,

or a tinaure drawn from Cundry vegelable Cubflances at

the Came time, aod in the fame velfc!, take Ibe name of

,/ixir.

Tinaures of elixirs impregnated with "fin·

oUs manel! only,are true

varnljl¡,r.

AlI thefe prepara·

,ions are made in the fame

mann~r ;

lowit, as direaed

in our proce(s. We Ihall only add here, Ihal i( Ihe (ub·

flances (rom whieh a tinaure or elixir is

be made

contain

100

ml1ch moiflure, it is proper

free Ihero

from it bygentle deGccation; eCpeciallyi(

y~l1

dcGgn Ihat

lhe tioéture lhould

weJl impregnated wilb Ihe oilyand

leGoou,