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BooK

V.

Royal

Commentaries.

· CH AP.

XIV.

What the Rule anJ Account

Wa5

which

they

obfer?Jed in

puh.:.

lick... and private Eflates.

'' AFcer the

Inca

had fubdued

a

Province,_ he confirmed the

Right

of poffeffion

''

to the Natives of it, and then con!hcuted Governours over the people, and

'' Infiruetors who were to teach

them

the Dofuine and Ways of Religion, and

co

4

-compofe all troubles and differences

arifing

amongll: them : For better difpatch

c.c

of

which it was ordered,

chat

they iliould decipher and fee down by their Knots,

" a

Plat,

o'r

Map, of

all

the

Mea~ows,

Mountains?

Hills,

Arable Grounds,.

Mines,

''Salt-pans, Fountains,

Lakes,

Rivers, and Plantations of Cottons

and

Fru1t·trees;

'' together with their Flocks which produced Wool, and Herds of other

Catt~l.

"All which particulars, with many more, they ordered to be meafured, and

laid

''down dillinetly by themfelves.. As

firft

a cheme was drawn of

the

who!e

Pro–

,, vince; then how

it

was divided

into

its feveral people; and lafily, how 1t bor–

" dered on

all

parts and quarters on its Neighbours; then the length and breadth

«

of it

was

meafured, and notice taken of the quality of the Land ,

as

what

was

"barren, and what part of

it

was fruitfull; the defigo of all which was, not in or–

" der co apply any part or parcel thereof to the Efiate, or benefit of the

Inca

;

but

cc

onely that a due knowledge and confideration being had of the fruitfulne£S or fie·

'' rillty of the Land, fure and certain meafures might be the better Ulken of what

''every Countrey was able to provide and give towards their Tribute; 40d that

"having made a jufi calculate of all thing, they

might

be the better enabled co

lay

' a

due proportion of thofe fupplies which were required from them

in

rimes of

" efrilence, Famine, or other Calamities: And lafily,

it

as publlckly

romul-

" ged, and made known to every Individual perfon, what ervice the

Jnca,

or the

''

CuracM

or the Commonwealth required at

his

hand : And

lafily_,

it

~

as

Ordai-

«

ned, t 1at according to fuch Models and Meafures

as

were laid down of the Pro–

"vince,

and

the fituation of it, that Boundaries and Land-marks fi10uld be fet up

"for

diftinction and feparacion from the Frontiers belonging to the

eighbouring

" Countries. And left in times to come there fhould happen out any millakes

or

" confufion for want of due difiinCtion, they gave new and proper Names co every

cc

Mountain,

Hill,

Field, Meadow, Fountain, and all other _particular place ; and

" if any of them had Names anciently given them, they confirmed them again, ad·

''ding fomething new and more difringuifhing

5

the which will

be

more remarka-

.

'' ble when we treat of that great veneration and refpelt which the

Indians

conferve

" unto this day of feveral places. After this they divided and fuared out the Land

cc

by

·parcels to the people of the Province according to their proportions , ordering

"them efpecially to be carefull, that thefe Land thus meafured, and laid out, and

''bounded, iliould in no-wife be mixed or confounded with the Pafrurage or Moun-

" tains of other people , but that every one iliould know its own Land-marks and ·

"Boundaries allotted. The Mines of Gold and Silver, whether anciently known, or

"difcovered of late times, were allowed to the

Ct:tracas

to

enjoy for themfelves,

" their kindred and

fervants;

not for Treafure, for they contemned that, but onely

"to Adorn their Cloaths and Vefi:ments with which they were apparelled on

FefH-

,, val-days, and with fuch

a

quantity as might ferve for Cups and

effels for the

"

Cuhtca

to

drink

in, for he was flinted and limited

to

fuch a certain number o

" them : i)efides thefe

u[es,

they had little regard unto

their

Mines, but rather

fuf-

:: fered then'! to be forgotten

an~

lofi:; wl1ich was

~he

reafon, that when the

Spani..

ards

came

m,

though the

Arttfi:s

and Labourers

m

other

Crafts

were very nume-

,

" rous, yet in this alone few Founders, or skilfull in Melting Ore, were ro be found.

"Such as were employed in the King's Service were abundantly provided

with all

" Utenftls and lnftruments, together wirh Cloaths and Diet at the charge and

ex-–

~'

pence of

the

King, or

of

the

Lord. Thefe Artifis

were

obliged

co

work two

X

,

~'Months

I