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-among :he folJicrs, they are ca1led camp=fevc!rs ; in Hun–
gary, an Hungaric rever. But the plague , or pe{Hlence.
is known whcn bubucs aod carbuncles ~rire in yanous
parls of the body. The rwcatin(! fi~kners had in rife in
Engl and, in which lhe: patient feH ioto a violent fwcat,
of which nuny died in a day's time.
The pe(lilenlial poifon dillur"s . 11 Ihe funaions of lhe
body; for unlefs ir be cxpdlcJ lO lhe ex(ern~1 paru, it
is certainly fatal. Nor is lhis tO be don~ as in olher fe·
pe". by large fweats. by (1001•. bya Bux of urine. byeu.
fionlary cvacuations of blood, or hy blecding;\l lhe nuCe, ei·
l her natural or anilicial,.for lhey rarher hallen delhuélion.
T he falulary and criticalexcretion which pcrfeélly Calves lhe
pe(lilenlial difeafe, is by lumours in Ihe furface of Ihe body
POl otherwife Ihan lhe eryfipelas, bel\veeo the third and
founh day; 3nd the foone rthe beuer, ror then(he fymptoms
~re mitigated. The pellilential cumours areOr two kinds;
Ihe firll arifcs in glandulous places, mo(l commonly io Ihe
groin and armo pils, CometÍmes iR lhe parolid and mammary
~lands. as al(o lhe lower maxillary, under lhe chin. and
in thore near lhe arpera arteria. It is a h:trd, painful,
«nfive fwelling of Ihe glands, Wilh grea! hea!; and if
,hey .re falutary, being fwoln, ,hey grow fofl, and fup .
pl\t..a!e. The other rorl is lhe aDthrax or carbuncle.
Cel!bs deCcribes ie in this manoer. It is a r\t'elling 00
which there are punules, which rife but liuJe j they are
black, fomelimes fublivid or pale. In Ihis Ihere f«ms
to be a fanies ; il is black undern:ath . The body ilfelf
¡, more dry and harder than urual. There is as il were
a crofi about ¡t, furrounded Wilh ao inflammation; nor
can the Ocio be raiCed up in lhe pan, but is joined lO the
flenl underoeath. Nlindererus, who was prefent al the
plague, f<iyS, thal a carbunde is of the fize of a grain of
mufhrd ·Ceed j aod about its 'edge, there is a circle, or
burning halo. of a large fize. The flelh which it feize.
;. like an efchar or putrid flelh, and falls off as if torn out
by • wolf. N o pan of Ih~ body is free from Ihefe car–
buncles; bUI Ihey gen.rally lay hold of Ihe membranes
o f Ihe mufcles, .nd Ihe nervous and fibrous fub(lante of
~he O<in, efpecially in Ihe b,ck, arms, and Ihigh.. Al fir(l
ihere is ao exquifite itching in the pan; which when
fcratched, pufl:ules arife i they. are of a red, livid, or
whili(l, purple colour, or fomelimes black. When Ihe
pu(lules are preiTed, Ihey 10 be full of pus ; und<r
-which there is an a{h·coloured cruO, which being taken
away, Ihe Belh appears corrupted and fpungy, with into–
lerable pain and burning of Ihe circumjacenl fielh, \Vhich
2S foHowed by a mortiúcation of Ihe pan .
When Ihe plague is fa.. I, fome die of a fainting Ihe
firll or Cecoed day. BUl in many, whcn the poifon is not
expelled, or, if expelled, relurns back, il brings on a
mortHication or the oervous coats or lhe noble parts, of
1he pleura, oefophagus, flomach aQd ¡ntefiines, or the
meninges of Ihe brain; which creeps fpeedily 10 all Ihe
"ifcer•. and Ihe blood ilfelr; whencc Ihe carcafes f\Vell,
aod have a moa intolerable n~nch. Sometimcs. when
,he pe(lilential lumours are 100 plenlifu l, Ihey di. of a
fymptom31ic rever. froro the inflammation, paio, and in–
t olerable hea!.
It has been before remarked, Iha! Ihe plogue is nOI a
Ilaú~: of our country, bUI is brough, from remOle pla-
e N E.
ces: whencc lhe betl preCervative is to 11y to a dillant.
couotry j ror the fame reafon. (hofe prioces beO confurt
thl! wdfcLre of thci r fubjeéts, who in {he time of the
plague endcavour 10 preveO[ lhe fpreadiog of the iofec–
lion. aod, whcna fam ily is amiéled, feparau: thewell from
the fick , and burn all their moveables, While this dir–
eare reigas. all perron, fhould live temperateJy, avoid aa
excefs in the ufe of the non oalurals, and abllain partí ..
culady from violent afFc~ioos of lhe mind, and every
thing elfe lhal dtjeéts the Hreogth, difiurbs perfpiratlon.
and generates crudities in the primx viz; lht: mind is
efpedally 'o be fu pponed, 2nd fear, dr«td, and pufill.–
nimity are to be banifhed i for more die of terror than
of Ihe plague ilfelf.
As in the rmall.pox, the managemenl confins i.ncle:triog
the priJlJ~ vid' in the beginning, in reguJcuing the fever,
and in promoting the natur:ll diCcharges; fo in the plague.
the fame indications wiII takl! placl!. In the plague. iD.
deed, lhe fever is Orten much more acute; lhe Ilomacn
and bowels are Cometimes inA"01ed, and lhe eruplions re.
quire external applications, which tO the pufiules of the
fmal! pox are nOl necefTary.
When ¡he 'fe\-er is veryacule. a coo) regimen is necef.
fary; but when lhe polre is languid. and the heat no:
exceffive, moderate cordi.l. mu(l be ufed. T be moR
gende emetics may be given ; che berl 1S ipecacuanha. if
th~ ílomach or bowels are not ia8.amed, for then certain
death mufl be expeaed .
As for Ihe eruplions. , hey mu(l be brought to a fup–
puration as loan as poffible; and as Cooo as theyappear,
6x a cupping.glaCs thereao. Wilhout fcarificalion ; and
when Ibal is removed. apply. fuppurating cat.plafm, 'or
planer of \V'rm gums.
If Ihe lumon will not fuppurale, as the carbuncle fel–
dom or never does ; yel if a thin icho~ or maner exfudes
Ihrough Ihe pores, or if the lumours feel foft 10 Ihe
touch, or, JaUi y. if il has a black crull upon it, tben it
mu(l be opened by inciGon, eilher according 10 Ihc lenglh
of the tumor, or by a crucial feérion: lf .here is any
pan monificd . as is ufual in the carhunde, ie men be
fcarified. Then il will be neceiT. ry to !lop Ihe'bleeding,
and dry up the moinure with ao aélual caulery, dreffing
the wound aflcrwards with doffils and pledgilS, fpread
wah a common digeHive.
Tlle neXI day Ihe wound ougb l tl> be well bathed wilh
a . romentation of warm aromatic plants, with fpi rie of
wine init, io arder, ir poffible, 10 make it digen, b'y which
the DOllghs will feparate. After ,his, Ihe ulcer may be
treatcd as ooe from a common abrcefs.
BOl the patient runs great hazard in rhis way. notwith·
(landing Ihe ulmo(l care; Iherefore aniflóal difcharge. for
Ihe corrupl humours Ihould be . u empled. To Ihis pur–
pofe, large bleeding and profufe fweating are recommend–
ed to us upon fome; experience.
As ror fIVeating, as Sydenham ad~ifes, it mu(l be con–
tinued withoUl intermiffion:
If Ihere is a vomiliog, Ihe patienl Ihould be made to
(\\leal with the weight of the alone, dra \ving
Ihe Iheet up 10 his face.
Wheo the f\\leal is begun, it lhould be promoted wit h
fage polfet·dr;nk, or [mall·b.«, in which mace has beco
boilcd,