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1<86 T A N N N G.
lObe ej~·(tcJ into a greMer n~tc of !1uidity befare we auempt
lO Tepel It . A n ¡nfll tioo of hen or pigcon dUAe and waler,
(whieh i, eall,d a b,i.,) has bceo found ,he moU ef–
fc..!lu.allhing for anfwcring lhe above end. Imo this ¡nfu–
lion lhe hiele, are thrown promircuouny, where they are
dnwn in lhe f.,mc m2nner :\S díre(tcd in lhe anicle of Ji·
ming i ilnd in proponic;m la lhe drolughu givea, th~ nrcngth
of the IC3.ther, trim of (he b;ti" Oc. ,he workman will
lind his poin, ~aioed from 4 'o 8 : he \ViII find ,h~
Jc:uhcr reduced to a COfl meJlow confiHence without any
curruption or dCc-dy of pan s, the maller more fluid aod lers
tcnacious, and cafily repa rable from lhe hldc upoo work–
ior. il 00 lhe beam wulr (he tanners knife : bUI as once
wurking canOOI purify the hide, lhe workman muft Joak
it in water, and work it on the beam, , lternately, fuch a
number of times as his judgment fhall direél, in order to
purge it thoroughly; and as it was obferved before, that
all lile pores of the leatber "'ere opeo on lhe grólin·(jdc,
mofl of ,he work Ihould be .pplicd 00 ,ha, fideo As a p'"
treraa ion or corrup,tion or the paru, or an extention of Ihe
libres beyond thei r proper tone, ,can never be remedied
\V hen once becun, the o\'er-doiog or undue "unagement ei·
, her in bdi,iog or liming, mufl be equally fatal. To'ob,ain
lhe cnds propoCed by theCe t\Vo operatiODs, and at lbe fame
U IOt! to guard againU their bad cffcth, require more expe–
rien¡;e Itnd knowledge in Ihe nature of le:uher than aDy 0-
lh~r operadon it has afterwards to go throuch.
OfOOI INC .
T H& hide, ",hen ready for ,he ooze, ought to be no.hing
but a bundle of emp'y ,ubes .11 Huid malter; ,ha,
is, cooupofcJ of no,hing bu, \Vha, is called ,h. folids of ,he
hidc, WUhOUI any decay or corruplion.
It is DO\V lhe. tanoer's bl3 fineC, tO 1111 theCe tubes or pores
wilh a more durable maner, in arder tOCupport Ihe fabrick
of the lealher; which is lhe. end'of oozing. .A oumber of
differen, fubU.nces h. ye been tried,for ,his purpofe ; bu,
none are equal 'o oak·bark. oThi. bark, af'er i, is ,horooghly
dried, is pounded, or u ther bruifed Wilh a mili or other
iófirumenl j the powder is úfted out for the purpofe of ma–
king up whtch is onJ1 an ¡nCurioDof this powder in
commnn water; ao old or cxhauOed ooze <ir nOl beguD tO
corrup\) may be 'renewed by adding mOre bark, accordiog
to (he (Írength of the. ooze requifcd. T his liquor is defo,
lited in a number ofh.ndlers orduUert, (as Ihey are e. \Ied,)
ÍoS occafion reGuires, and (he hides are lhrown promifcuouOy
into it, where tbey mult be drawn returocd much in
lhe C2me manner as dire(ted iD the anicle of limina: . .and
c.zrrieu from a we¡ker tO ¡ fironger ooze as the Jeuher {hall
requile, ,ill ,bey are fouod ' o be ruRicleotly 6\1ed. It will
be found, ,h.. ,be 6ner p.rtide. of ,he bark "il! infinua,e
themrdves imo me pores of the le:uher, ind lodge there;
. and a time ',he aOringent quali,y will flreog,heo .nd
buce Ih~ tibrc5, and bring them ag;¡io la their proper tone,
:irter th(!r relaxed nate in the bait, which " .11 make lhe
lealher . ppen 'o fw_lI, and fee! plump a.d fofl. Bece a–
gaill r.o rule can dircét: in une~ perienced · perfon to koow
" he. a hide is properly oozcd ; . nd indeed fome konds of
JcathC'r require ¡ grealcr aod fome a leerer de~ree of it, ae–
cording tOthe purpofe (or which it is intended ; bUI in ge·
nenl, there ¡, lefs t.llIngcr in oozing pleoufully than in belng
fp.u ing ol' it, 1.S it always adds to Ihe weight and bcauly of
lbe 1.4ther. A middling hide ouay be Dozed iD ,bree weeo,
•nd fooner or later iDproportion to ,he fl reog,h of ,h. OOZe.
,he number of drau:hu, aod hea, of ,he ",ea,her.
Of L n pPl NC , or'Wlull iJ mOr( }rtJper" calltd Taooiog¡I
T H IS part of the operation is defigned 10 preferve Ih,e
6bres fro01 corruption, and a l the fame time (OconfoJidu e
the tvhole into one compalt body i or, in fome {eofe, it
m, y be called liglti/jifll ,he hidc, (if ,he ' erm m. y be al–
lowed .) Thi. mufl evideotly be ,he work of ,ime, as ,he
nature of lhe libre, muH be in a great meafure changed,
and lhe new-imbibed maUer incorporated and confolid¡ted
with tbero. In order lO perform Ihis, lhe hides are {prea(l
OUt at t!leí r full breadlh aod length in a V11, :¡'nd a nralUl'll
of bel' bark ,hro'On be,wi", ..eh of ,hern . Thi. va, hold.
a' 6r(l as mueh Jiquor as will jufl eover ,he hide.; aod iD
,his fi,ultion ,hey are allowed 'o lie ,ill ,he flreng,h of ,he
bark is ,houeh, 'o be exhaufled, whieh is commonly from
four la lix weeks.; and lh, operauoo is repeated liJl the
hides ar~ fufficicotly tanned, and whic" is gentrally froB'l
IWO to fou r times, accordin,; to the firength of the Icatber.
The bark fhould be rouader beal, and more ginn 10 tbe
lop, for larte hides ,ban fmall ooes; aod eonfequeotly I2rgcr
l••ther Ihould lie longer iD ,be lop.
Of C UOU INC.
T Hi lea,her, 'Oheo only ' anned, i. oOI' fuffieienlly fof,
and pliable 10 an{wer a Dumber of parpofes. The currier'.
proyince ¡, lO reduce the le:uher 10 the proper thickneC"
pliablcnefs, and coJour, requiGte for lhe differeot ufu lo
whieh i, i. applied: and thoo~h ,here is a materid diffe–
renee iD ,he me,hod of lDanuraélurin~ ,he fev~ral kinds, aod
• good deol of dex,eri, y req. ired; ye, what eould be here
faid of ,hem would be of Ji"Je ufe 'o ,hofe who are uoac–
quaio,ed wi,h ,he bufinefs . We Ihall ,herefore reduce aJl
we are ' o f.y 00 ,his fubjcél ' o • gener.1 derail or ,he pro–
cefs.
The lea,her, af,er il has driped fome ,ime from ,he t.n–
'pi" is Ihaveo 0 0 an upright beam wi,h a Ienife ",hofe edge
is tarned on lhe ooe (ide, and Wilh which Ihe curner caR
take down the lealher in the (ame manner as a wrieht c-an
take a Ihlviog Irom a pieee of wood wi,h hi. Af–
ter tbe currier has thus JCfelled the hide or lkin tOhis pur–
pofe, (whieh i. a.lways dooe on ,he fielh-fide ,) he fpreld.
ít out 00 a (lone or table made for the purpo(e, 2nd ,here
reours i, 00 ,he grain-fide from .11 ,he loofe tan, aod o,her
Uuff ,ha, may hu" ,he beau,y of ,he grain. He ,hen pu..
on a certain quan,i,y or oil 00 bo,h graio and «elh fide, for
,he of fof'ening ,he libre., a.d a, ,he f~me lime
making ,hem ,ou~h, and hancs i, up 'o dry. Wh,. i, í.
Cufficic.ntly dey, lhere is a thin Chavi"c again takcn off lbe
fleCh.fide, iD order tO dun or brighlco il up: and then it
is rubbed b.ekward aod forward upoo a oable by ,be currice
wi,h a oiekcd or furr'owed board, keeping ,he Jcather al–
'Oays dou~lcd al Ihe pJace ",here he rub., ,,1I1t be made fof,
aod pliable 'o hi. in,en,ioo. T his laU p.n of Ihe opera–
tion 11 properJy callcd CurrJinl' 2nd it.s from thlS that
,he buGners gc" iu n¡¡me. As lO the colour. the lenher
is fair or duk io proporuon lo the quaDUty of oll lald 0 0,
ir the tanoing has beco properly pcrformed, and ,he eUTTlcr
do DOl nrgll!ll fome malerial put of hii dUly. C UrrlCfS
fe!dom dy' . oy eolour bu, bl. ek, " b,cb is do., woth cop–
peras a"d a v:ry lia le log.ood.
T ANT :\LUS'.