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s P L 622 S P O
e<in , but n~t a difieren, being from them: th ar ,herei s SPLEEN, in anatomy See ANA TOM V, p. 266.
hUI (lOe lJelll!! anJ oile nature, <lnd that this nature pro~ SPLf.E.N WORT . St'e ASrL F. N I UM.
duct:s with ;n ¡tfdr, by an, immilnent a...'l, 8011 thoCe whi ch SPLENET1C. a perfon aJl"t.(led with obllruétion of the
\':e crca: urc~ ; and thtlt this being is al lhe ritme: time fpJetn.
both "gcnt ~nd p;uic.:nt, etflcient caufe and fu bjcét. bUl SP LEN rUS, in anaTomy. S~e A~ATOMY, p.2 16.
that he proJuccs nOlhing bUl modi lications o( hlmfelf. SPLEN 1', or SPl.1 NT, among f~rntrs, a callous, InfeD(¡bJe
SfI R /l-""::\ , in botauy. a genus of Ihe ícoraod ria pentag)'nia ex: ·1 ~(Ct nce. u, cedJn~ 00 (he fl\Jnk bone of horres. Sec
e1als. The C""X conlills ofli.e fegments . and ,he cnrolla FAR"" V. P. 5i3'
of five pet als; and lhe c.tpfule cootaíns many feeds. There SP LICiNG, in the ir:d.~Jt4.ngua~e, is th: untwjíling -he endJ
~re elt~ \'en fpccies, n{JOe of them natives of Britain. of l WO c<tuJes 0:- ropes, and working lhe fcver~1 Itrdnds
SPIR.'\ L, in geometry, a curve lioc of lhe circular kind, iOlo one another by a fi,jd, fo that lhe,. become as Itron.g
which, in its progrefs, recedes from iu center H If {hey Wcre bUI one rape.
SPI RA L, io architeélure aod fcul plu re, implics a curve that SPO DIUIV[, in phdrOldcy, ooe of the fouldl reCrements of
afcendo;, w'ndin& abaut a cone or fpire, (o as' .lit lhe cl'pper.
poi na th~reor cqntinu¡.¡lIy approach lhe ~xis. It j, dif~ SPO ILS, whatever i, taken from the enemy. in time ot wu.
tin8uifhed from lhe hclix, by ils winding <tround a cone, AOlong lhe lAClent Gret:ks, the (poil, were dlvh.ied iD
whereas the helix winds in lhe fame manner around a carnmon among the wholc ;umy; ooly rhe genera)'s Oure
cvliodcr. \Vas litrgdl : bUI ¡mong Ihe Roman" lhe fpoils-bclonged
SPltt E, in architeélu'e, was ufed by ,he aoeienrs (or ,he lo ,he republie.
bare of a column, and fomeoimes for ,h. aO"g.1or rore. SPOLETTO, ,he capital of Umbria, in ltaly : it is fi ' Da.
BUI ¡.¡moog the maderos. it denotes a fleeple that conti· tcd tif,y m :es oOTlh.eall of Rome .
nlllllydimini{hl!s as it aCcends, whether conic;¡,lIy or pyra· SPON DEE, in ancient poetry, a foot conG(Eog oE IWO loog
Ol;d.dly. fyUables; aS, omno.
SP ' RE, in geography, an imperial ei,y of G ermany, cap:. SPONDIA S, in bonny, a genu. of ,he deeandria penta·
tal of a bil'hapric uf the {ame Rame, and Gtu:ued in the gynia clafs. Thc caJix h<ls five te~lh, and the cd'rolla
palatin'He of the Rhine, rirteen miles fouth·wcft oE Hei. bve pt:tals'; and [he drupa has five ceHs. There ¡re
delburg: E . long. 8° 17', N . lal. 49° 16'. two fpecies, both natives DE America.
SPI RIT, in me..phyGcs, an incorpor« 1being or io«lIi. SPONG IA, in' zoology, a geDu, beloogiog to the order oC
genee j iD which feofe, God is faid to be a fpi r"il, as are vermes zoophyta . The whole tcxture is a congeries
angels and the hun,.n foul. 01 bibulous cell,. T here are fi" fpeeies, al! fODnd iD,he
SPIRIT S, or AN IMAL SPIRITS, io phy(jology. See AN.&.· boltom of Ihe {ea, and fubmarine rock,. Spunges are
TO>!V, p, 253 , aod JE THER. much ufed by fu rgeons, .Dd others, (or fuck ing up fuper.
SP IR' T, in cheminry, a name applied 'o feveral very diffe· ft uous moiOure ; whoeh ,hey ..r,ly part wi,h by prer.
reol fubftances. However, in general, it d<notes any dif· fu re
rilled vola,il liquor ,har is no' infipid, a. phlegOl, or SPONSOR S, among Chrillians, are thofe perfons, who.
pure warer, not ioAarnmable as oil: bu t unuer lhis ge- in (he office of bClptifm, anfwer or are ftlreties ror the
oeral idea are comprehtoded liqUMs o( qui,e oppoG,e perfon. bap'i ud.
natures, fome being acid. aod o,bers ,Ikaline; wh;ch lan are SPONTANEOUS,. term applied to fu eh mo,ioo. of ,he
fu ch enemies tO lhe former, that as foon a~ tbey are pUl Itody, and operauons of (he mind, as we perform ol our'"
together, (hey raife ayiolenteffervefcence, andgrow hOI: felfes, without lny conflraint.
and ' o ,hefe may be added a third fort, ealled vinou, or ILL. in ornithology. See PLATEA .
inflammable fpirits; which, though very fub,ile or pene' SPOONING, m ,he f...lang.age, is fai d of a (hip, which.
traliog. are nOI rnanifeflly either acid or alkaline. See being unuer Cad io a Horm al fea, is uoable to bear ¡t, and
CHEMISTRY , p. 69, 95, 16 " Oc. e.,&~uently foreed ' o pur righ, before ,he wind.
SPI RITUAL , in geeeral, fomething belonging to, ór par. SPOR ADES, among ancien, a(lronomers, a Dame given
taking of, lhe n¡lure of fpi rit. See S .. I R I T. lO fuch fbus :liS \Vere nOI incl uded in aoy cooCleJIatioD.
SPIRITU.'\LITIES ofa biJbop, are rho proli.. he receiv.. Sí'ORAD!C o, ..... .. among phyfici'ao., are fuch as
as a bi(hop. and nOI as abaron of pa rliam~t : f~ch are felze particular perlt,os ,al ¡ny time orfearOD, and io any
the duties of his vifitfltioo, pre{cntation·money, what ¡ . place ; in v.hich feo fe they are dirtinguifhed from epide·
Tifes from the oniioation and ioflitutÍon of priefls, lhe in- . mical aod endemic difeares.
come of his jurifdit\ioo, Oc. SPOTS, in aflronomy, cCHain places oE the fun', or mooD's
SPfTH EA D, • road be,ween Ponfmou,h aod ,he iOe of difc, obferYed to b. ei,her more bright, or d..ker, ,han
\'!ight, where ,he Royal oavy' of Great Britain fre o the reO ; and aceordingly, ealled f",cul., aod maeul",.
quently rendezvou! . See A STRONOMY .
SPITTLE , in phyGology. See S'L'VA. SPOUT, or ' VA·r H .s PouT, an and daD.
SPITZIl ERGEN. See GROE"LAND . gerous meteor, obferved a' fea, and rome,imes ar
SPLACHNUM, i" bo,. ny, a genus of ,he cryp,ogamia calJ<d by ,he Latin. typh o and fipho. Its firn appear.
mufci claf,. The calix of the maJe flower il a falooth ance is in form of a deep clolld, the upper part of whlch
cooic calYPJ ra; the antherre art! cylindric; and the is white, and lhe Jowe r bl ¿ck : tbeo (rom the lower
receptad\! coloured, membraoaceolls, and very large . p,trt oE this cJoud hangs. or nther falls dowD, \Vh,u is
T h.,e .re four fpeeies. only oneo(,hem, viz. the ampu!. properl y calJed the Ipout, in form ofa eonieal ,ube, big·
Jacc um , or corumon fpl achnunl, a nati,e oE Britain. gen at tOP ; acd unJer this tube, there is aJwJys a ~reat
bOlI'og,