696 / 868
s
L
601
d iCpofcd.
th~t
the creatures can
dirchar~e
their contents
;H
plcarure
al
the
1110uth;
and,
Accurdmg lO
{he
n.lture
oC
h~
j'tt
Ct:S
Ih.tt(!ley
are fupplteJ
wllh {uTnafh
ctdre_
rcnl IUf s
of
lilk
(rom
tbcm. all
lhe
fluid
lontents
orthde
ve(fcls
hArdenlng
In
the air
'0(0
th..l[
Jon
of thread ,hu
we lind
lhe
\Ve")
Or
balls of
thls
creature conrill oL
As foon as
lhe
filk·worm is arrivt:d
al lhe
fize and
nrength
necefr ...
ry for bcglOnmg hlS
(od,
he n1dkes hls
web
j
for
it
is ,hus
lhcy Citl!
,hat
(]I!!ht
tlnuc
wttich as the
beginOlng
and ground
of d\ls admirable work.
Thls
i'J
hi, fi rtl day', elllploymen,
00 ,he fe .ond he (orm,
his'ftdliculus or ball, anJ covers
himfdt alman
ovcr
Wlth
lilk. The ,hird d.y he is quite IlId; and ,he (ollowong
days employs himfelf in ,h,ckenlng .nd Hreng'henlng h..
hall; always working (rom one {ingle end, whieh he oe–
ver bre<\ks by his own f<lult
ó
:,nd which is fo fine. and
$O
long, ,hat ,hofe who ha\'e eXotOllned tt altentivdy
think they (peak ""ithin compafs, wh(o chey affirm, that
u ch ball contalos filk enough to reach the tenglh of fix
Englifh miles.
In ten days time the ball is in ltS perfrltion, and is
DOW to be
c~keo
down from (he branches ot the mulbe:r·
ry tree, wherc: Ihe wurms baye hung it, BUI lhls pOln
t
requirts a deal of aueorioo :
Eor
there ,are fome wo. ms
more IdZy than olht:rs; and it
IS
very dangerous walllOg
, ill they m. ke Ihemfdve" p,lf'ge,
whi.llufually h.p·
pens abou, ,he fif«en,h day
01
,he month.
The firll, finetl . • nd flrongdl ball,;re kept,Corthe g"in,
the ren are carefully wOl1nd; or if it is ddirc:d to kcep
them
¡JI,
Or if there be more than can be wtHwounJ at
ooce, they lay them lur fome time
iD
an oyen moderdtdy
hot, or, elfe
exp.fethem for ("ver•
.!
days fuccdlively to
the greateH he.u of the (un, in order to
kili
the lo(ell,
which, Wilh9ut this precAution, would not fail lO opeo
¡trelf a way lO go aod ure thofe De ... wings abroad it has
acquired WilhlO
s
L
lt
,will alfo be requifi'e ' o feareh the b,le more ,han
once, 4no l:tke from out of the parccls il Il<illn to m:1ke an
efT'AY
j
for unlds il be kno",n, by tnal, wh:te one huys,
tht're
IS
lhe greAtdl danger of beiDg che,tteJ in lhis com–
~udi(y,
T o nlake an eHim;ue, and know Ihe lightnefs,
('x lhe elTdy upon one cighlh of a ponée or hanu of lilk
of a hundrc:d and len aunes or ells of L yuns in Itn¡!th,
:ano fce what il makes of :aunes by the elghlh p::\:rt. The
I1c.din, whn:h is ol e'ghly threads, mufl be Dlultiplicd by a
huodred and ten aunes
01
L yon, ao fron' this number
muU be deduéted ane elghlh : as tM c:x.t01ple, Il O
by,
80 mAkf's 8800. lhe eighul
P¡(rt
ofwhleh
15 I
100 : :lnd this
is the clghth pCtrt ofa portée, or hand C)f(jlk . Now, local..
culale: what thefe
1
lOO.tunc:s
\Vej~h ,
whlch is theelghlh part
o( a pDl'tée. or of 110 ..unes of Lyons,1I wdl be proper
10
take a Il,.un out of lhe p.l.fccls. WhlCh you take out
ti
Un'!
the
bale
\~·hich
you Judge may contaio at ¡e.tlt 11 00 aunes, fa
make the
on~
eighth pan ora pDrtée; which portée
mud
be dlVidcd
00
two bobblns, hal( on eaeh; thc:n fix lhe
two
bo~bios
00
Ihe ccnrre, or be:ilm. and from theoce
pilfs It Ihrough the comb hurddfolr.
viz
S50 from th...
two bobbins. wllI mtlke 1100, which \Vall be one eighln
p;ut of
~\hat
you delire
tO
know. This done, you cut
off your filk. and carry it \0 pUl on the hurdlftolr : then
we'Ch il . 'ind muhiply the welgh\ by eight, iI
wilJ
welgh jun as 'mucn as a portée of 110 aunes of Lyons,
whil. h is the geDeral tule for calculaling. When lhey
draw ,he filk ou' by lhis
me.ns. one m.y learn la adjult
tht: weight.
There are filks of Piedmont, which are very lighl and
clean, and are tO be prefen cd bt-fore any on ü\e fale :
,he portée of filk o( lhe "gh'<O w<ighs nedf ,wenly,(our
penny_wr.;2hts, and from lhis
1l
arifes in gUyily tOtwem.y–
live and lwe:nty·fix peony-weighu the porlt!e, and fomc:times
tO Iwenty· feven ano lWenty cight: bUl cvcn lhefe weights
may be dil penfed Wifh, provided that lhe other qualttic:s be
good,
t
at ¡s, that il be well w.rought. C'ven
~nd
clean.
When the filk is mure thdn
twenly~eiglH
penny-weights
Ihe portée, it mufl alwdy9 be: proporuonilbly cheaper.
Otdinarlly, ,hey only wiud ,he more perfeft ball.;
thofe Ihat .1re dr.uble. or tOO weitk, ot tOO c?arle, ate
bid afide, nOI as altogether urdels, bU llh,u, belOg ¡m.
proper for windjng, lhey are refc'ryed
10
be drawn OUt
¡oto llolíns.. The balls are of ddfc:rent co)OUtG; the
moft eOlOmon are , ydlow, oranee.• olour, ¡f ..bella, and
flcfll colour, thtrc: are lome alCo of a fe:t-green, olhers of
a fulp"ur colour, andolhers while; bUI ,here is no n'ccef..
fi ty fur fepuA'ing rhe coluurs and
lhad~s
tO wlnd
lh~m
apa, t, as all the colours are lO be Ion in Ihe tuture fcou r–
ing and preparing of .he filk .
Mt/h:d,
0)'"
prtptlril1g
SI
LKS
The feveral prrparations
In tht philofophic,l " .ofaftions, nO 252. we find ,he
followillg obf!!)vatlons concernang lhe goodnefs
oE
filk,
whil h is b<O diO,ngu fhed by its light n.f•. The organcine
filk is the befi m tde io Ihe countr\ of Piedmont of any
i
and two Ihr .ilds "re equal in linenefs . Ihal is in (moo'
hn~
ls,
th,ckners. an'd It:nzlh , for the th rcild of the fird l\VaI"
F v' the ferond, it OlatterS nor
whelh~r
the
fingl~
lhrt¡d
be ltroD::!before Ih!." tv.oartjulnlJ, uolcfs tO (te whether
the firU t\V,tI
pn¡vc
wd1.
11
is necdf"y
,ll.ltlhe f!'k be eleaD : and
il
is to be
obCnved t
1. ..
1
lhe: ·HrdW_c.,lcurcd is grn('nlly Ih:;- ligh teH,
and (he wnite the heH ltil of all.
Th~
{kains Olullld be
( ven, .Ind dll of
.lO
t"qu:dhy, ",hich {hew, Ihdl tht'Y were
wro~16hl
l(¡gel'lel : ulherwlfe wc may wi;h junit.:c fufpt tt
th,iII
H
is
It(U~~'
filk. and CJnnor
b~
C(lll
dl y ur.lwn (·ut
ano (pun; fm on..: Ihre.\d
will
be lhoner \hJO
\b~
olher,
whi<o
i,
labour anJ roe,.
whlch filk s ulldergo ttl 6t theOl to oe ufed in the manu–
faétu re of filkcn llufFs, are reel.ing. IpinOlng. nl1J1ing,
bleaching. and dylng. To wind Glks rrom oIT ,he 11.lIs.
two
machiD~s
are DeceITill y ; the une :a (urnace. wüh
its
copper; the other a n:e1, or franle , to draw the Cilk.
The winder, Ihen, fealed near the furrlíl ce, chro\Vs into
the copper
oE
waur over \he .(urn:tce ((jrn heated 2nd
boiled
10
a cenaindegre:e, which cutlom aloroe can leach )
a hand(ul or
(\YO
of balls, \Vhlch h"ve beco
Cirf}
",cU
purged o( all ,heir loo(e furry lubllance: Sh< ,hen Oi"
lhe whlJk ver)' bnfl<ly aboul \Vllh blrchen lods, b(lund
and
CUt
Jike brufhes; <lnd whcn Ihe hcat and agit.Hloa
have detached ,Il. ends of ,he filk. o( ,he pod" whiel>
are apt to calch
00
Ihe rods , Che dra\\'s Ihem forth:
~nd
j OlOlng
ten or twelve. or even tourteen of ,hem logcthc:r,
Ihe
fLrms thcm ioto thrc<\ds,
accordln~
lO lhe bi¡;nefs re ·
quired tO Ihe wo,ks the:y are ddtlncd for! ei&hl c.'nds
fu ffieing for
rihb~nd~;
aod velvc's.
'he,
r~quiring
no lels
than fourt!!eo, The ends, Ihm jo,oed inlo \WO or three
threads, are 6rfl p.lCred iDIO the holes of Ihrc:c iton
rod~.
in Ihe fore-pan of the red, Ihc:n upon the bobbins or
pulli~s .
and
<t t
Jafl <In:
dr~wn
out 10 the ree! ¡trd(. and
there ranened e"eh
10 dn
e;'ld of 3n arm or ulaneh of 1he
{te!.
Thus ddpoft:d ,
lhe wlnJer, .SI\'ing motion
to
,he
r:¡J,.,
I