1000000031

1\1

<lifpor.ng

. nd eonduéling fouod. eonr.Jcr<d as acule aod

grave ; and

proportlOOlng

thcm amoog themrelves, "od

feparating them

jull ¡ntervals

plc~fing

(he

[en(e;: ,

IV!r M ..lcoOle defines

a {cience ,hat tetlches how

found,

under ccrtain

mcafllrt s

of time and tune, may be produ -

ced; and fa orucrcd aod difpoled. as ei lher io conCooance

(i.

r .

jo,ol.fouodlOg,) or fueeduoo. or bOllf, Ihey m.y

raife agreeable

(enfatiaos .

. Froln

thls

dcfinition, (he fcience naturally divides

iOlOIWO CCD.:r.1 pans,

viz.

theorctical and

praélical.

PARTI. TH E THEOR Y

MUSICK.

CHAP o

Of MU 5ICAL SOUN DS.

X'OM

The ear is Ihe fole judge of fouod. E·

very raund is DOl a mu(ical found . Fo r tO this

two things are required: (irO, T hat the faund pleafe lhe

~ar:

fecondly. That

be wilhin a cen ain compafs.

mu Cical found is clear, unintcrrupted, l nd uniform; and

-ouglat nOl1o exceed the power of th: ear to judge of it.

For rounds, very deep or very high, are not eafily

d ininguifhed, but

30 ear very converfant in mufick.

Sound b, ing a fimple idea. can no' be defined bu, by.n

P.e.

feét defcríption of ¡t-s caure

whicb ís ao undularo·

ry motioo of lhe air, communicated by the vibration of

(he pans of bodics to the organ of hearing.

The diverGties of fonad!, and their proportions, are

perfe~I,

difeeroed by ,he ear, are ,he

obje~

of Ihe

theory of

mur.ek

, ,he ground, and principIes of the prae·

tic<, .. weU a. the eaufes of pleafure in ,he feofe and

imaginarion.

T hefe diverfi,ies offouods are expr.rred by ,he terms

hig~

and low, acute and grave, or fharpaodHdte . Heace,

frolO aoy given rouad . we cao cooceive a fucceffion of

1hem ; wberein [he Jan in order is more acute than the

foregoing

and this feries is called notes afccndiog.

Or.

0 0

the contrary

wheo, io

fucceffion of founds,

the lan in order is more grave lh ..." lhe former; this fe.

ries i5 cálled notes defcending.

AX'OM

11.

From Ihi. order of notes afeeoding aod

defeending are derlueed aU

'~e

proponion, of fOuod, . ,he

properties of {he fame propon ions ; and the rela;ions

which arirt out of their various combinations 3nd fuccef.

lions. Thefe inelude lhe whole bur.oefs of hlfmony and

",elod y; and Ihe knowledge of them is Ihe grouod work

or bar.s of Ihe feieoce of mufiek.

COROLl.AM.Y

l . H ence nOlhing can be admitted in

murical comporition which doth not immediareJy dcpenu

the foregoing axiom, and which

C¡OnOI

De demon.

f!rated from it.

Se~.

Of Jhr

D' VERSlTY

UNOS .

diverGty of founds fu cceeding in the natural or.

der.ls

nOl however extended through <lny numbcr of found!

whlch may be exprelféd by a muCical inflrument oc even

the

t~uman

voíce. For univerf.d experience,

~ond1Jaed

by Ihe Judgl11eol of Ihe ear.

h"h

demonflrated and af.

-certained

Ihe

~umber

rcveu lo comprt'hend :\11 the variety

1hat

muG.ck

capable of

a rrordin~.

T hereforc, the

ncmber elgllt

~he

bounu Or Jimit of the materi.l ls of

nlu(j~':\1

compoCiuon

and this eighth nOte or found is

e. I'-d ,o o

'l.ve

T his o -'!avc

m~y

co~ceived

as uni,y, Or the Cir(l

"Ote of AnOlller fene,

.f.:~nd,"g

o' d fcendioS'

T his feries. Ihough i, may be repeated at pleafure,

muH HiII come umler the rcHritlion above mentioned ;

which ¡s, that

mutl

n Ol

exceed the power of

che

ear

judge of il. The greatefl eompafs of Ihe humao voiee

wiJl

fcarcely re3eh Ólbo'\"e twa oéla-res, or fifteen

DOtes.

I nflrumenu are framcd with more, la anrWH the

man

interelling purpo{e of mufick,

whlch is varie:ty.

The feHo fouods in mufie ate named from Ihe 6rfl fe–

..o leuers of ,he alphabet••iz . A,B,C.D,E.F,G.

T he d¡nance: between any two of thoCe, whether im–

mediatc: or remote, is

call~d

an intervalo

Aod everyin–

terval is named from the natural numben; begiDning at

unity.

I n oamiog of

iOlerval. i, is alway uoderflood of the

afceodiog notes; and both terms are incluíil'e. Thus AS

is ealled • 2d, AE a 51h, BE a 4th, EG a 3d, AA aD

81h or

o~.ve;

aod fo of ,he refl.

We proeeed

0011.'

' o lay dowo ao

exa~

defeription of all

the inter..Is io mufie . For E,om lhe knowledge of Ihefe

are difcovered all Ihe proponions whieh eooflilute har–

mooy; and uPQn whieh Ibe whole

fuperflru~ure

of muuck

is nifed .

Firfl, of the iOlervah of fouods Iyiog io ,heir natural

arder. Of there there are reven iotervals, named either

the gre31er lone, the lelI"er

t ODII,

and the half·tone or

femil one.

Su Jhr

Mufla

PI.J",

N °.

Ioterval of

(J)

N°

¡;.

ª.

::;

¡¡

nterval of' a

(J)

N°.

2 .

§.

~ ~

::;

n this feries of 8 notes are contained

whole tones;

th ree greater, and tWO lefTl!r; and

fcmitones . Redu–

cing them thereforeto the lowell denomimnion, they wiJl

be fuund lo contain

1 2

half·tones; and incluGyely

1 3.

~yery

otlave Ihen contains

half tones) out of lhe "a–

nous

combio~ t¡ons

of which al ife the

fe\'er~1

concords and

difeo,ds, as will be fhewo in i.. p,oper place. The ler–

fer lones are alike d¡"ided loto h" lf hInes. as .-re the

greater.

W e

fh;t ll the rcforc:, for brevit'y

r.\k~,

hercafter

ufe the diflinaion only of whule tones anJ h¿)f

tollC:S :

tlle

re.foo for whieh

nl""

be .Oignld below.

From the Incquality in lhe order ol' {hefe iutcr\'lJs

draw Ihe foll owing eorollary.

COR-