1000000031

M O R A L PHI L O S O P 1I

3°1

joy or forrow. as they >re grati6ed or difappoioted. So

•hat. in .ffell• •h. fe a!Tocia,ion. of good and eoil,

b.au

2nd derormilJ, and tbe

paffiODs

lhey raifc, are the maio

hinges of tife ;md mannu,. and tbe: greal (ources of our

happincr, or mirery.

is (videot, therefore, that the

whole of moral eul,ure mull

dep.nd

on giving. righl

direllion lO lhe I••ding Pl/lions. and duly proportioning

l~eAI

10 lhe valoe of Ihe obj.lls or good. purfu.d. und.,

wh.1 n'me fo•••r ,hey may

app.ar

Now, in order

give them tbis right direAion and

due propartion, it appears, from

,he

foregoing detaíl,

Ihal Ihof. all'oeialions of id.... upon whieh Ih. pallíons

d.p.nd

. mull be duly r.gulal.d : Ihal i. 10 fay. as an .x–

orbitant palliao for wealth, pleafure,

pow,er, flows

from ao alfociation or apioiaD

that

more bCluty

and

good.

whcther natural or moral,

cDters

into

,he

eojoymcm or

poll'.Oion of Ih.m. Ihao r••lly

bdon~s

10 ei,her; ,h. re·

fore. in r.!loring ,hoCe p./lions ' o Iheir ju!1 proportian.

we mufi begin with correfting the opioion, or breakia&

the: falCe acrociation; or

in other words, we mull

decom·

pound Ihe compl.x phanlom of h.ppinefs or good. whieh

fondl y admire, difurule thoCe ideas, thal have no na–

tural allianee; ond Cep. .... Ibe original idea of w.ahh.

power, or pleafure, (rom lhe fo reign mixturr:s incorporated

Wilh it. which enhaoce it, value, or give it

¡es

chicf power

to enchóllnt and Ceduce the mind. For ¡nnance. Jet il be

confidered ha,," poor aod ineonfid.rable • Ihing "'<ahh is;

il be di.join.d from real ure. or from ide.. of eapaeily

in Ihe poll'.lI'or 10 do eood. from ind'p.oa.ney. genero–

(¡ty,

provifion for

family or friends, and Cocial commu–

lliCólItion with olhers . By , his llaDdard I, t

its

true value

be 6xed; let its miCapplic3lion, or unbenevoler\l cnjoy–

ment,

accounted (orchd and iofóllmous; and nothing

wonhy o, .Ilim.ble be afe,ib,d 10 Ihe m'.r. poll'dlion of

it. which is nOl borrowed (tom

ilS

generous uCe.

<hal compleK fOrOl of r,ood which i. ealled

p¡<ofun ,

englge.s us, let it ue anal yfed iOlo its connituent princi–

pln, or thore allurements il dráws (rom lhe hean and

imagination. in order to hcighten the low pan af lhe io·

dulgencc ;,

Jet lhe feparale and comparative moment of

••eh be dillinllly afeertain. d, and d, due.d from Ihal grof.

pan : and chis remainder of the accumulative cnjoymeol

",ill dwind/e down inlo • poor, infipid. lraofolory Ihiog.

¡.,

propon ion .. Ihe opinion of Ihe good purCu.d .ba,es.

.he admiralion muel deeoy. aod Ih. paOion

laCe

Ilrenglh

of e.ourfe. Oo••ffeaual way 10 lower ,he opinion. and

confequentl y tO \Yeaken the habit founded on it, is ta

prallic.

l.lI'

.r pieees of Celf·deoial. or 10 abllain. 10 a

certain pitch, from ,he purCuit or enjoymcnt of (be fa–

l'.()urire abjeét ; and, tha! this

Oli\y

be the more eafily ac·

complifhcd• .one muO

:¡yoid

thore occafions,

lq;lt

compa–

Of.

thofe rl.lctl, aon the other circumUi\nccs tha( inHa–

mcd (me, and tndcared the othcr: And. as a cuunter'pro–

ceC,. let

h;6her

or ( ven difierenl enjo)menu be brou{!.ht

in \'iew. othcr raffions pb)'ed upon (he former. different

place!

frec¡u~r.\t'¿, oth~r

exucircs tri:d .

comFany

kepl

widapcrfun,.of

ddTc:reot or more corrt!l.

w:.)'

of thiuk–

iDn

b",h

in n;. tural and

lOoral

rul..jt.8s.

1\.

much d<pends on our f. ..ing OUI ,,,11 in liC., l. l

the youthfu l (.-ncy, which

i:-:

api lO

\'tI

J!orid

:1Dd

JUKuri,lOt, be c:arly 3.c.:uRollled, U)'

inftn~(t .\.on. ": ~.Ol plc ,

and

fignifie~nl

moral exercifes. nay. by

I~oks.

g,llures•

.nd every olher tellimony of jull approbalion or blame.

ro annex ideas of muít, hanour, and happineCs-not

birth, dref"

rank,

beauty, fortune, powC:J;. popularity,

and Ihe like oUlward Ihin&s,-buI

moral .nd .. uly vir–

IUOUS qu. /ilie., and lo IhoCe enjoyments whieh fpriol:

from a well·informed

judgm.nl.

aod a regular eondytt

of Ihe affellions••fpeeially Ihofe of Ih. facial and difin–

ICfelled kind. Sueh dignifi.d formo of beauly .nd good;

often fuggelled. aod. by moving. pillur.. aod exampl.s,

warmJy recommended to the imagination, en(orced

Ih e aUlhorily of eODCciente. and d.monllra,ed by reafon

10 b. Ibe furell m••n. of .

njoym.ol

••od .be only iod.–

p.nd.ol

. und.privable aod durable gaod••

will

b. Ihe bell

countcr·balance ta meaoer paffions, and ,he firmen (oun–

datían

and fecurity

virtue.

i. of gre'l importance 10 ,he forming •

j~1l

taUe.

or pure aod large eon«plions of happineC•• 10 !

I.dy

and

underHand human n:uure well, tO rcmember what

a com–

plie.ted Cyel.m il is. particúlarly 10 have deeply imprinleJ.

on our mind that gradation

reofes. facullies. and

po.,ers of

enjoym.DI

fo,m.rly m.ntion.d. and Ihe fub–

ordinatioo of goods refuhing from thence. which nature

pOlnt' out, and the cxperience of maokind connrms ;

who, wbeo they think feriouOy, and are Dat under the

immediate influence of fOale violent prejudice-Or paffioo.

prefer not the plcafures of aétion,

cooler:npl~tiont

fociety,

and moll ex.reiC.s and jOyl of Ihe moral kind. as

fri.nd–

(hip. natural affellion••nd <he like. 10.11 renfual grati–

fiealions \l/halfo••er 1 \Vh.r. Ihe differeol fp'ci.s ofplea–

fu(e are blcnd.d in.o one CDmpl.x form o let Ihem be ae–

eurately difiinguiChed. aod be ref.rr.d .aeh 10 its proper

faculty and f.ofe. and examin<d 'pa" whal ,Ihey ha.e

p~culiar,

what .common with cthen, ;md what foreiga

and advcotirious . Let ""e.llh. grandeur, luxury. leve,

(ame,

and

the

like, be tried

this

teH.

and their rrue

al10y wiU be found oUI.-Let il be fartber eoofidered.

wheth.r Ibe mind may nOI b. eafy••nd .njoy ilfrl f gre.tly.

Ihough il want many of IhoCe t !eg.ocies and Cup.,ftuili.s

of life whieh fóm. poli'.Cs. or Ihal load of ",eahh and

pow.r which olhers e.g.rly purCue••nd uod.r whieh

Ihey groan. Let Ihe diffieullY of attaining. Ihe

pr.ea

–

riouCnef, af polfeffing, and the m;¡,ny abaternents in en–

joyiog overcrown weahh and envied greatnefs, of whicb

Ih. weary poll'.lfors fo f••queotly eomplaio. a. Ihe

hurry of

bufo.eI

; . Ihe burden of

comp.ny

. of paying

auendance to the fe\V, 31ld &iving

to tbe many, the

tares of " ..

pin~.

Ihe fearo of lofing. and Ihe

d.fi

,es

of iocrearing what they llAve, and lh-e olhet troubles

whieh aeeompany Ihis piliful drudgery aod pompoas

f."ilude; lel Ih.C. and Ihe Jike eireumUaoe. s be o(len

confidercd llnl are conduciv.c to (he rcmoving or letTcning

tbe opinion of fueh goods,. and the ¡([(OdaDl paílion or

fel 01 p.Oíon. wiJl decay of courfe.

Let

Ihe

ptculi.u bent of our Oi\lure and charaller be

oLfC:-rfcd, whether we are moO iDclined

form arrocia–

tillOS

:and rellth objeéls of th.:

It nlible,

intellcétual. or

nloral

kinJ.

Let (hat which h:u Ihe afccndJoI be

plrli.

cula.l )" w.llrhed

let it be dir, .!lc.:d to rieht

obj~~s,

lu:

impn.l\"tJ

rrllponionc~'

cxer.:i rtS, , "\1gu,¡rdetl

pro·

pcr

1,:II~cks

lIuln ..

llppotitc

tlu_rttr. '''bus, '(hlo! Ic:t.l'iblt:

lt:U':