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M D \V .1 .F . E R y, 20'
which they ferr.l to :;¡dhcrc bycontaét ooly, 10 lhe: merus ;
Aod Ih:u the ¡nncr me:nurJne of the womu is full of little
&llnds, v. hore cxcrc:tory duéh opc:ning ioto Ihe fu ndus
:Iond ne.:k. (ecn:tt t\ fu ft thin mUC;:U!i, 10 J l1lJricr.I ~· lhe
\\ hole C:lVl l y of {he Ulerus, which b:ginning lO l1 retc-h
in time of .~efhtion , the vdTds that compore lhoCe cl;¡nds
are "l/o d.tlcodcd ; conrequen"y, a greatcr q uanti ty of
th is mucus 1$ fcpar:aed and rctaincd in this cribrifn rm
•nd cel/uld! fubll, nc<, the abforbin~ veO"I, of " hich
t3k c il in. and convcy il along Ihe vcins, for lhe nourifh–
m:nt of the child . The IVomb heinc thererore difl, nded
in proportion to th~ incrc. fe oCche ch ild, thoCe glands
2rt alfo proportioo;a bly enJarged ; by which means, a hr·
cer quantity of , he fl uid is Ceparated, becaufe the nutri·
nunt of (he: child mu(} be: aU2me:nted in propon ion to the
prugrefs of iu growth; and rhis Jiquor undergoes an a)·
teruioo in qU:llity as \\'ell as in quantit y, lJeing changed
from aclc"r thin fl uid iota (he: more vifcous confi(lencc of
milk. In rome caCes this mueu, hath been direhargeu
fram Ihe uterus in timo. of pregnl ncy, and bot o mother
H'TlJ child weakened by the evacuaticn, which may be: oc·
c.lioned by the chorion's adhcring too loorely, or beióg
in nne pa" aétuallr rcparateo from the womb.
~ Farmerly, it was ~ ;tken fur r.ranted by many. that the
placenta always adhered to the fundus uteri; but chis no·
tion is rcruted by ccruinobfervalions, in coorequence af
which we fiod it as ofteo Clicking to the fideo, back ano
Tore'pan.s. aDd Comelimcs al fardown a.s the inGde of the
o. uteri . S.. Plate CXr.
When the placenta i. dc!ivercd, and no other part of
the membraoe tore excep~ that through wh ich the child
paered, the opening is near the edge or fide or the placen.
u , and feldom in the middle of the membranes; and ~
hog', bladder being introdueed at this openi ng, aod in.
flated, when Iying io water, will lItew the lItape and (ize
of the inner furface of the womb, 2nd plainly difco. er
Ihe part tg which the placenta adhered . .
T he chorion ¡s, 00 rhe ¡nlide, liDed Wilh lhe amnlon,
...,hich is a lhin lraofparenl membraoe, wilhout any veC–
fc!, (o I.rge .. to ad mit the red globulcs of blood; it
I1dheres to lhe chorion by conuét , anu Ceems to forOl the:
t Xlcrnal coat of the funis umbilicalis.
This membrane CODt.ios the ft!rum, in which the child
fwim, : which fluid i, fuppored to be by Iympha–
tic vdfeJs lh ar open imo the tnner furface of lhe amnion.
Hthi, liquid is n!ithu abforbed into t~e body of ,he f.r.–
tus, nor uken into the fiomach by Cuétion . 1 lhe momh.
Ihere muO be abCorbing vdfds in Ihis membrane. in lhe
r~nle manner as in lhe abdomen and OthH cavjtíes of lhe
hody. wherc thC!re is a conflrtot renovation of humiJilY.
T he qiuntity of this fluiel, in propon ion lO lhe wcigl~t
of the fceluS, j, much grealer in the lirfi than in lhe laU
rnonlh of g(U:llion, bei"::! in the one pcrhaps ten limes
the weight of the embryo; whercas. in the olher, it is
cornmohly in Ihe proportion of one to lWO: foro fix
pClunds 01 water furroundi ng • fcelus thdt \l.feighs lwelve
pnunds" is re~koncd a l.uCe propon ion, the quanut)' being
oflen much Icrs ; nay, fomeumcs there is ,'ery litlle or
nune a.t 2011.
In maU an¡nuh of the brute fp-ecies, there i.s • lhin!
rncmbrane c,dleJ 2112ntoi~, which rcfc.mbles a !t)ng .100.
OL, 111. ~!o. 77. ~
wide blind, gut , ano contains lhe ürine oC lhe fretus: it
is fitu,ued betwcen the chorion and amllion, and 'com·
munical cs \ViiI! lhe ur¡ chus thal rifes from Ihe fu ndus uf
lhe bl:.drter. and rUI" aloog with ahe umbilical l'dfds ,
depoCiting lhe urine in this n:Cervoi r, whieh is attachcd
10 in other eXlrem'ty, This bag hath nOl yet becn cer·
tainly di(covered in lh e Iluman lcetus, th~ urach\ls of
which , though plainly pcrceivable, feem6 bilhcno ~o be:
quite imperforaled.
From the foregoing obCe r\"ation.s upon nunilioo, ít
feems probable, that lhe fa:ms is rather, nourilhed by Ihe
abforption of the nutrittve fluid into the ?Cerc!. of the pla.
centa and chorion, than from lhe rl?d blood circuJated in
full fiream from lhe ; rteries of rhe uterus (O lhe veins
of [he placentíl, and rctcrned by the arteries of lhe 12fl
tO lhe veios of the lira, in ordcr tObe rcnewed. ré6ned,
and made arterial blood in the lungs of the mother.
O! /h, CHI LO 's ji'uD/ion in /h, UTE ou s.
T 11 E ernbryo or fcetu s, as il lies in lhe \t1erU5, is near·
Iy of a circular or r:uher oval figure, which is calcuJated
to !ake 'up as litlle fpaee-as poffible : the chin rens upoo·
the breafls, the thighs are prcered along the belly, the
heel. applicd to the breech, the face being placed be–
tween the knecs, while: lhe ar~ crofs e3dl other round
tbe 1,,&. . The head, for the mofl part, is down 10 the
Jower p2rt of lhe Ulerus; and the child beiog conlraéted
into an oval form, the greatefl length i, from head ,,).
brecch : bUl the clifiance from one fide to lhe olher is
much lers than that rrom the fore to the back pan; be·
c>u re the thigh, and leg' are doubled . Iong the belly and
flomach, and Ihe head bended forwards 0 0 the breafl.
Thc ul erus being confined by lhc "'ertebra:: of the Join.s,
Ihe d,n. nce from the back to tbe fore-par t of it mull be
lers than from fide to fide; fo that, in all probability.
one fide of the f!!tus is turncd towards lhe back, and
Ihe other tOthe rpre-part of the womb : but, as the back
par! or ,he uteru, rorms a liule longillt cavi tr on
fide of the vertebra:, the fore .par" of tbe ra"us ma}'
Iherefore for the mofl par' til! more backward. than
forwards.
lt has been·generally ruppor"d, tha! the bead j, turno
ed up to lhe fu ndus, and lhe breech to the os uteri, with
the rore P" ·ls IOwards tho mother', belly ; and that it
remOlíns in this fi tuatioo tiJl h bour begtns . when the bead
comes downwards, and the f;ace is lu ro~d 10 lhe: back. of
the mo\her. Sorne alledgc, that the hc:ad preo.-pilat~s about
lhe end of lbe eighth or b~ginning of lh~ ~inlh mOl,ch,
by becomin~ fpecifically heH ,er than th. rffl or th e bo.
d)'. Others a/lirm, tha! .. th. child inc(ear.s io bulk,
erpecial/y during the " " 0 lafl month. , thlproportioo of
Currouncting water muH be: dimininled , (o 2$ that it is con–
ho~J in its motion, ;nd, in Uruggling to ahu ¡ts poGtion.
lhe head tS mOH:d tO II\( os tiniez, whcre it remalos 1il!
de1iHry, ~rhc particulars of ltUS 2nd olher lheorics
rnay be round in 11/.l;¡riuQu, Lt J11ollt, Simff~n, and
O/d. Bu r, from (he ft>lIowing ob(cr vatioos, it C~ern,
Alore prob,¡blc:, Ihat the h ad ¡s. {or the moft put. lur n.
eJ down la lhe lowcr rart oE (he ulC'rusfrom cODception
tO delive,)'.
In lhe: 61 el month, 2ceordiDg to fom e: writers, the COl -
3 G t bryo