697 / 1042
o
inih T.1..ke the SCOISd i; r,x d ls
m~kl'
a f:dl; fony f. lIs
t!"ke.' I,,"¡ong ;
~,~ht
lu"¡""gs m,kea mil,, : fo that the
SeJtl miles is 118'1 pJClS, :tecounling evety pace 10 be
I;ve
r':d.
Thlfe
thir.gsare according
10
,hc
fl.ltllle,
of
Scot:dod ; nJ:wid,f! tnJing which, the gln,ers ufe a loot
01'
ooly cighl inches ; aoJ oth" a,"lis IC.r the meoll
parl ufe anEnglil]' foot, on accounl of lhe feverKl
fe"b
mad,cd on the Englilh foot-meaf"re for thlir ufl'. llut
lhe Engl,OI foot is 10n,('\\,h:1I !tfs dI, o Ihe Scots
j
fo that
ISI oí thefe nlJke IS6 of tI,ofc.
Lioes, tOlhe extremi,ies and
2nY 'iolcrmcdi~le
poin! of
,dllch you ha-;e cafy acccfs, are me, furcd by appl)'log to
them IheeOOlmon meafure a number of times. Hut Iones,
10
\Vhi~h
you canoot h" 'e fu ch accefs, are medfurcd by
met hods talteo from gcomelr)'
j
Ihe chicf ",hereof IVe
Jh. 1I hece en<leal'our ro expldio. T he r,rH is by the hclp
oi the geoaletrieal lqu.lfe.
.. Al fOt lhe Eogl,lh meafures, :he 'yard is three feel,
.. or Ihirty. Gx ioches.
!\
fa!' tS·Iixteeo fw aod a half,
.. o¡ nve yards . od a hal !'. The ehaio, commoolycalled
" CUIII,r'1 choin ,
is f,'ur poles, or lwenlY'llVo yards,
" lhH is,
fix~y
Gx
fee! . Ao Eoglifh (Ia:ute·mile is fout–
" feore chains, or 1í 60 )'ards, thal is, 5280 feet.
" The chaio (which is now mueh in ufe. occaufe it is
" ver)' conve.ilnl for f,, " e)'iog) is ¿'I':dcd iOlO a huo–
" dreJ lioks, eaeh of II'hich is
7,.-~u-
of aoineh:
~
1!<I,ee
.. il is eafl' 10 reduce aoy oumbet of ¡hofe lioks tOfect,
.. or aoy oumber of feel 10 linb .
" A ehaio lhal Ola)' h"'e Ihe fame ,d 'aotages io fnr–
H
veyiog io Scotland, as Gumer's ehaiohas io Eogl. od,
.. oughl tObe io leoglh fel'eoly. fou r fcel, Or lweoly-fout
" Scots ellE, if 00 regard is load 10 the .!ilfereoe< of the
" SCOlS
~d
Eo¡;lifh fOOI . bol'e meotiuned. BUl, if re–
" gard is had to lhat d,lfereoee, t:le Ser,ts chaio OUghl
.. 10 coofill of 74+ Eoglifh ftet, or 74 feet 4 ioehesand
.. T
of an ioch. This ehaio beiog divided iOlo an huo–
.. dred liok!, eaehof thofe lioks is 8 ioehesaod
'r~~~
of
" ao inch. l o lhe following table, Ihe moll nOled mea–
" fures are exprellfd in Eoglifh ioches and decimals of
H
an ¡och."
.
F.ng/ifhi/lch. Dec.
The EogliOl foot, is
12 000
The P.,is fOOl,
t2 788
'rhe Rhiotllaod fOOl, meafured byMr Picart, 1
~
;6l
The Scots foo: ,
12 065
The AmfltrdamfCOl, by Soelliu, 20d Pieart, 11 172
T!le Oantzick fOOl, by Hc..eli"s,
1I
297
The Oaoilh foot, by Mr Pican,
12
46;
::rhc Swedifh fool, by the f,me,
11
69 2
J '"e Brulfds loot, by Ihe fame,
10 828
The Lyuos foot ,
~y
Mr AUlOUI,
13 45 3
The lloouoiao foot, hy
~I
r C, nioi,
'4
Y3 8
:rhe
Mila~
fuO!,
lo,
Mr AU7.out,
15 631
:I'he Romao p,11ll ufed by merehants, aceord-
iog
tu
the f,me,
9
79 1
The Rum, o r:.11ll !lfed by "chillé)"
8
779
1
he p"lm of Nap!es, aeco,Jire tO\llr A!llo\tt, 10 ; 14
T he Englinl yard,
36 000
TI,e Eogldh d i,
~
5
(\l)O
-:] 'he SCOlS ell,
37
~oo
VOL.
1/.
1\0 55.
E
T
lt
Y.
-TOCh.
1hc.
ThcPh i, auoe ufed
by
mercm, <leeora:og 10
~I r
P,em,
-
-
46
iB~
The 1'.,ri, auoe ufed by drapers, aeeordiog
t o
the farne,
-
-
46
G80
The Lyon5 .1I0e,
·by
Mr AUl out,
46 570
The Geoev. auoe,
44
760
T he Amllerdam el1,
26 800
T he D.,oifl, ell, by Mr Picar¡,
24 93 0
The SlI'cdiflltll,
'2 j
380
The Norway el l,
24 5 1()
The Hrabaol or Aotwerp e1I,
27 17()
The
Brufi~ls
eU ,
27 26()
The Bruges el1 ,
27 550
T he brace of Aooooia. accordiog 10 AUl oul, 25
:.-oQ
Thc brace ufed by orchileéls io Rome,
30 73
3
The braco ufed io
R~me by
merchaots,
14 2í
3
The Floreoee hraee ufed by merehaols, ac-
eordiog la P,carl•
T he Florence g,ographiea¡braee,
21
The vara of Sevi lle,
j3
12 7
166
The m a of M:rdrid,
~9
The vara of 'Portugal,
44 03
1
The eavedo of Ponug,I,
27
,5'4
The aoeieol Roman foo!,
o
'11 6
J2
The Pc,fi,to arifh, according 10 Mr Grre"cs, 38 36 4
The ¡horter pike of Conflaolioople,
aeeuldin~
10 lhe fa::le,
25 576
Aoolher pike of Coollartlioople,
accot~iog
lO
Mdr.
Malle,
~.nd
De
la
Pone,
27 '920
P R OP O SlTI ON
1.
PROBo
ro
d'jcribe ,he jlrllfluf!
of
Ihe gromtlrico[
[quare.-
The geometrical fq uare is made of aoy foliJ
m. m r, as brafs orwood, or of aoy four pi. in ",Iers join–
ed
l~gelher
al righl aogles, (as in PI. te XCV. ng.
t. )
where A is lhe ceOlre, from whieh haogs a lhread with
a finall " eight al lhe eod, fo as to'be d"eéled always'tO
the ceolre. 'Each 'of lhe fides HE aod DE is dividd io–
ta ao hundred equal pam, or (if the fides be loog e–
nough 10 adOlil of il ) ioto a lhoufaod pans; C aod F
are 1\'10 fighlS, fixed 00 lhe fide AO. There is mo'e–
O\'cr ao iodex CH. which, wheo lhere is occafion, is join–
ed 10 lhe ceotre A, in fuch Olanncr as t1m it edOolove
round, aod remaio io aoy
gi re~
fitU. lioo. On this in–
dex ar t\Vo fights perpendicular 10 Ihe righl lioe goiog
from Ihe
eentr~
of the iofl rumeol : thefe are K aod
1..
The fide D
r.
of the io(lrUl1leOl is called lhe upright fide ;
E Ihe reclioiog fideo
P
R
ü
P O
S 1 T I O N
!l.
FtG.2 .
ro
/I,,,,/i,re
0 /1
dcctJlib/,
I,«(~hl.
AR,
I~,
Ih:
htlp
of
n p,e,r'drirn/ [qIlO",
ill
dtjlaJ/ce bril/g kll"'·I:.
- Lrt AR be ao horilool,d p"oe, 00 IVhich lhcre
ilan~s
pcrpeodicul.llly aoy lioe AH : \el RD, the gil'eo JiH.,oee
of the obkll' ltur f,om the hcighl , be 96 feel ; ItI Ihe
height cf Il,e ubfel\'1101"S ere be fUPP0f,d 6 fa!: aod
lel the inlim,oeOt , hcld
by
a Oc,dy hanJ, or r.thcr Je..n–
iog uo
~
li'"ron, he Jircélcd 10IV,'r.'s 110: fUOlOlil :\, li,
th'l ooe eje (Ihe "th.r bóog nllU) n!.ly
1,'"
il de.lrly
thrllll!!h{IIe
fi;;ht~; th~
papt:nd;('ul,lr 01' pJunó lillL'
IUc:tn.
whilc
hiln{!in~
frc!',
a:hl
tolldling l!l,:
f.!I :· .•
..:e l'f
th~·
iD.
1
! 1
¡
Hrum" ,'